he argued with priests and professors of all sorts. Departing from thence, he took up his abode for some time in the vale of Beevor, where he preached Repentance, and convinced many. He then returned into Nottinghamshire, and passed from thence into Derbyshire, in both of which counties his doctrines spread. And after this, warning justices of the peace as he travelled along, to do justice, and notoriously wicked men to amend their lives, he came into the vale of Beevor again. In this vale it was that he received, according to his own account, his commission from Divine Authority, by means of impressions on his mind; in consequence of which he conceived it to be discovered to him, among other things, that he was to turn the people from darkness to the light." By this time he had converted many hundreds to his opinions, and "divers meetings of Friends," to use his own expressions, "had been then gathered."

The year 1649 was ushered in by new labours. He was employed occasionally in writing to judges and justices to do justice, and in warning persons to fulfil the duties of their respective stations in life.

This year was the first of all his years of suffering. For it happened on a Sunday morning, that, coming in sight of the town of Nottingham, and seeing the great church, he felt an impression on

his mind to go there. On hearing a part of the sermon he was so struck with what he supposed to be the erroneous doctrine it contained, that he could not help publicly contradicting it. For this interruption of the service he was seized, and afterwards confined in prison. At Mansfield, again, as he was declaring his own religious opinions in the church, the people fell upon him, and beat and bruised him, and put him afterwards in the stocks. At Market-Bosworth he was stoned, and driven out of the place. At Chesterfield he addressed both the clergyman and the people; but they carried him before the mayor, who detained him till late at night, at which unseasonable time the officers and watchmen put him out of the town.

For

I would here observe, before I proceed to the occurrences of another year, that there is reason to believe that George Fox disapproved of his own conduct in having interrupted the service of the church at Nottingham, which I have stated to have been the first occasion of his imprisonment. if he believed any one of his actions, with which the world had been offended, to have been right, he repeated it, as circumstances called it forth, though he was sure of suffering for it either from the magistrates or the people. He, however, never repeated this, but always afterwards, when any occasion of religious controversy occurred in

any of the churches where his travels lay, uniformly suspended his observations till the service. was over.*

George Fox spent almost the whole of the next year, that is, of the year 1650, in confinement in Derby prison.

In 1651, when he was set at liberty, he seems not to have been in the least disheartened by the treatment he had received there, or at the different places before mentioned; but to have resumed his travels, and to have held religious meetings as he went along. He had even the boldness to go into Litchfield, because he imagined it to be his duty, and, with his shoes off, to pronounce with an audible voice in the streets, and this on the market-day,

* It is but justice to George Fox to observe, that it was not unusual for serious persons of different denominations in these times, when they had any thing of religious weight upon their minds, to unburthen themselves in the places of worship before the priest and people. It was a notion, countenanced by high authority, and received by many, that ministers, ordained only by man, had not an exclusive right of speaking in the church, but that all, who were properly gifted, might prophesy one by one. Conformably with this idea, those of the laity, who rose up to speak on such occasions, generally postponed their remarks till the service was over, though there were individuals of different descriptions, who were not able to contain themselves till that time.

a woe against that city. He continued also to visit the churches, as he journeyed, in the time of divine service, and to address the priests and the people publicly, as he saw occasion; but not, as I observed before, till he believed the service to be over. It does not appear, however, that he suffered any interruption upon these occasions in the course of the present year, except at York-Minster; where, as he was beginning to preach, after the sermon, he was hurried out of it, and thrown down the steps by the congregation, which was then breaking up. It appears that he had been generally well received in the county of York, and that he had convinced many.

In the year 1652, after having passed through the shires of Nottingham and Lincoln, he came again into Yorkshire. Here, in the course of his journey, he ascended Pendle-Hill: at the top of this, he apprehended it was opened to him whither he was to direct his future steps, and that he saw a great host of people, who were to be converted by him in the course of his ministry. From this time we may consider him as having received his commission full and complete in his own mind. For in the vale of Beevor he conceived himself to have been informed of the various doctrines which it became his duty to teach; and, on this occasion

VOL. I.

to have had an insight of the places where he was to spread them.

To go over his life, even in the concise way in which I have hitherto attempted it, would be to swell this Introduction into a volume. I shall therefore, from this great period of his ministry, make only the following simple statement concerning it:

He continued his labours as a minister of the Gospel, and even preached within two days of his death.

During this time he settled meetings in most parts of the kingdom, and gave to these the foundation of that beautiful system of discipline, which I shall explain in this volume, and which exists among the Quakers at the present day.

He travelled over England, Scotland, and Wales. He was in Ireland. He visited the British West

Indies, and America.

He extended his travels to

Holland, and part of Germany.

He wrote in this interval several religious books; and addressed letters to kings, princes, magistrates, and people, as he felt impressions on his mind, which convinced him that it became his duty to do it.

He experienced also, during this interval, great bodily sufferings. He was long and repeatedly confined in different gaols of the kingdom. The