Après une longue lacune, on voit dans la septième colonne les tentatives que fait Octave, par le message de Proculeius, pour engager Cléopâtre, qui s'est enfermée dans un tombeau, à se rendre à discretion.

Octave

Col. VII. v. 3.

Col. VIII.

v. 4.

v. 5.

v. 6.

v. 7.

v. 8.

Res regina gerit: Proculeii. . . videbat
Atropos inridens. • diversa..

Consilia interitus... amaret.

Ter fuerat revocata... es cum pa...atus
Et patriae comitante suae: cum ... Caesar
-v. 9. Signaque constituit sic...
in artum.

-urbem ;

Opsidione tamen nec corpora moenibus aptant,
Castraque pro muris atque arma pedestria ponunt.
Hos inter coetus aliosque ad bella paratus
Vtraque sollemnis iterum revocaverat orbes
Consiliis nox apta ducum, lux aptior armis.

entre dans Alexandrie. La ville, à proprement dire, ⚫ n'avoit pas été assiégée. Dans ces entrefaites, la nuit survient, et le Poème ne nous instruit pas des derniers instans de Cléopâtre."

M. Morgenstern donnera plus de développement à tous ces détails, lorsqu'il publiera son intéressante rélation. Au reste, on

aperçoit déja, dans les fragmens de ce poème, l'esprit dans le quel il a été composé. Le rhéteur s'y fait sentir, et on ne peut y méconnoître un contemporain ou un émule de Lucain et de Pé

trone.

A ce Mémoire étoient jointes trois Lettres inédites de Jeanne Gray. M. Morgenstern les a découvertes dans la bibliothèque de Zurich. Elles sont adressées au célèbre théologien Henri Büllinger, doyen de l'Eglise de Zurich, à l'occasion de l'ouvrage qu'il avoit publié sous ce titre: De Perfectione Christianorum ad Henricum II Gal. Reg. Ces Lettres sont pleines de sentiment, et tout y respire une douce piété. Le style en est vraiment classique. La date de la seconde Lettre est de l'an 1552, conséquemment de l'année qui précéda la chûte du trône de cette infortunée princesse.

ON THE TYRIAN INSCRIPTION.

SEEING inserted in your Journal the Translation of a Tyrian Inscription by Sir W. Drummond, I will, with your permission, offer a few remarks on the subject, To many of his statements I readily assent; a few I hope to correct.

In vindicating the apocope of the & in TN, Sir William has asserted, that, in the Chaldaic affix N, the N is often, nay commonly, cut off by apocope: whereas the contrary is certainly the fact. In the Jerusalem Targumist, indeed, instances may be found; but in

Onkelos and Jonathan, by far the most eminent both for purity and antiquity, the reader shall hunt a month for such apocopes without finding at last as many in number as weeks spent in the search.

To the emphatic & being applied to, I seriously object; as being equally repugnant both to grammar and custom. Certainly, the Hebrew dialect never uses the emphatic aleph, and therefore, cannot be expected to furnish examples of it in ; but then it uses, what is paramount in signification, the emphatic he; and was as competent to say, The Tsor, or The Rock, as it was to say, The Tordon, which it sometimes does; had that been equally consistent with grammatical propriety. The names of most towns in this country may be traced to common appellations; as Longtown, that is, the long town; Tweedmouth, that is, the mouth of the Tweed; but it by no means follows from that consideration, that the inhabitants ever did, much less that they do now say, The Longtown, or The Tweedmouth; grammar reclaiming against it as well as custom. Had the Tyrians, as the author supposes, often called their city, by way of eminence, Tsora, the Rock; Tsora, and not Tsor, would eventually have become its name, and the emphatic aleph would have been retained as an essential part of it in the kindred dialects. Besides, admitting what is wholly uncertain, that the Tyrians always used the Chaldaic, and not the Hebraic emphasis; how can we justify the present application of it to the term, Tsor, so contrary to the Syriac and Chaldaic authorities? The Chaldee paraphrases, the Syriac versions of the Old and New Testament, the Talmud, the Chronicon Syriacum of Bar-Ilebraeus; not to mention the few coins, for of them I never saw any myself; contain this proper appellation, at least a hundred times; but never at all with the emphatic aleph; though it is well known, that on other occasions they abound with this emphasis almost to a fault. The author, indeed, seems to think, that the common signification of the noun, 1, was not known to the Paraphrasts. The Jerusalem Targumist, however, in paraphrasing that part of the prophecy of Balaam, which relates to the Kenites, has evidently used it in its common acceptation: pa

-in the clefts of a rock: to which if we add, on the authority of Sir William, a text in Jonathan, though I strongly suspect he in tended to say Pseudo-Jonathan, the Targumist of the Pentateuch, we shall then be in possession of two testimonies to show, that as a common appellation they knew well what it meaut.

I next advert to parts of the translation, which cannot be defended on any grounds whatever; I mean, -two marbles; and, a 1— two sons to which it ought to be deemed sufficient to object, that for impropriety of construction, they can find no parallel in any dialect, much less in the Syro-Chaldaic, agreeably to which the Inscription is to be interpreted. To support this silly reading, however, the author comes forward with a few unfounded, and I am compelled to say, unlearned remarks. He believes that the of the verb, 7, from which DW, two, is said to be derived, is not radical; and that the most ancient form of this root was ; as we read, 1W, W-Repeat it :

and they repeated it. It is not an easy matter, perhaps, to guess what the author exactly means by most ancient; but, if the second book of Samuel has any claim to antiquity, the root, as it is found in it, is doubtless. Thus we read-But he did not repeat it on him: Ch. xx. v. 10. The in all verbs of this class, when followed by the plural termination, is constantly absorbed as from

, to reveal, we form, reveal ye; as well as ", and they revealed; not to mention twenty other verbs of a similar complexion. But the apex of Chaldaic erudition is contained in the subsequent remark: "If I do not forget, Jonathan puts in the singular after

thy two son, for thy two תרי בנך שני בניך and translates ;תרין

sons. (I speak from memory; but see the Targum 1 Sam. c. iv.)” Now, in the dialect of the Paraphrasts, the suffix of the second person singular, referring to masculines, is subjoined to all nouns plural whatever without the jod, to distinguish it from the other suffix of the less worthy gender; consequently, in all nouns masculinely declined, and accompanied with this affix, the plural is to be distinguished from the singular only by the context; of which six hundred proofs may be instantly adduced, should the position be disputed. For what end, then, the foregoing text from Samuel was quoted, except to show that the author is by no means conversant with the language of the Targumin, I am at a loss to discover.

I shall now present the reader with my own interpretation of the inscription, which I am persuaded is not very ancient; and afterwards develope the grounds on which it is established.

לאדון למלקרת בעל צראם - נדר עבדיו עבדאסר ואחי אסרממר מן בן אסרממר בן עבדאסר • כם מעקלם יברכם :

To our Lord, Malcarth, god of the Tyrians; the vow of his servants Abdasar and brother Aşermemar descended from a son of Asermemar the son of Abdasar. May the Pleiads, their crooked director, prosper them in their voyages.

The disputed character I treat as a mem; for it does not differ from that which is allowed to be such to a greater degree, than many letters appear to differ from themselves on the Jerusalem coins; not to mention that Sir William himself has taken it for a mem after the lamed in kolam.

From, the city so called, I form, a man of that city; which in the plural number, according to the Hebræo-chaldaic manner of declension, forms, D'NY, Tyrians; and by dropping the jod, DNTY; the reading in the inscription. Jonathan ben Uzziel bas evidently used this derivation in the emphatic plural: WAY WOOD-When the Tyrians heard: Isaiah, Ch. xxiii. v. 5. The formation of plurals in, DX, from singulars terminating in jod, is common in the Mishna. Thus in Masseceth Trumoth, Penek 4, we read; D'NY, halves, from

, half. That the jod of the plural termination, D, is frequently omitted, is known to all; and may be verified in, DNW, which is put for, D'N-the princes: Ex. Ch. xxxv. v. 27.

The lacuna after, Ty, I fill up with a Hebrew affix; though it

might be supplied many other ways without detriment to the translation.

Immediately after Asermemar, I understand the part. Da, born, or descended; which naturally requires, , after it; so naturally indeed, that, the preposition being expressed, it may, on the present occasion, be well understood, agreeably to that conciseness which usually obtains in all lapidary compositions. The construction, though not the ellipsis for which we contend, is frequent in the Mishna. So 11 am. All the offspring of the horse: Masseceth Kelaim, Perek S.

denotes the כימא and in Chaldee ,כימה written,כים pointed כם

constellation, Pleiades; so called by the Greeks, from its rising being the signal for commencing, as its setting was for concluding, their navigation. That the he is not radical in this term, appears from the aleph being substituted instead of it in the Targumin; as well as from the authority of Buxtorf, who has given it, ', in his Hebrew Lexicon. That the jod is but a part of the punctuation, I maintain on the authority of R. Nathan, who gives it without any jod in his Sepher Aruch.

apy I consider as a sort of participial noun, formed from the Piel of py; signifying, to render any person or thing crooked in their movements or direction; and being accompanied with the suffix, is thus applied to the Pleiades, which used to summon the mariners always to their ever crooked travels on the sea, and directed them to perform their voyages at the night season of the year. Though the Piel conjugation of this verb cannot be found in the scriptures, it may in the Talmudists; but especially in R. Nathan ben Jechiel; as

He walked of : אול גוי לה פי עיקל הדרך ; on the following occasion

.גו Aruch

and eluded her, that is, he crossed or changed the direction of the road.

The inscription seems to consist of three colons or members; the first of which contains the address, the second the fulfilment of the vow, and the last the general petition of the voters, that their seasons of navigation might always be prosperous to them. In dialect it approaches the Babylonish Mishna, or rather the Jerusalem Targum; which last is certainly our principal authority for apocopizing the affix of the first person plural.

I now submit my criticism to the consideration of the truly learned, who, whatever they may think of the translation itself, will easily assent to the justness of my remarks. I ought, however, in fairness to Sir William, who is both a learned and a candid writer, to confess, that I greatly prefer his interpretation to that of Ed. Calm, which is, to say the best I can of it, the most imperfect specimen of oriental criticism that has ever occurred to me in the progress of my reading.

Nov. 14, 1812.

T. Q.

NOTICE OF

ÆSCHYLI TRAGEDIE quae supersunt ac deperditarum Fragmenta. Recensuit Christian. Godofr. Schütz. Vol. I. Prometheus vinctus et Septem adversus Thebas. Hale, impensis Joannis Jacobi Gebaveri, 1782.

Extracted from Maty's New Review for February 1783, written by Professor Porson.

MR. Schütz is the author of a commentary on the Agamemnon, published some years ago in Germany, and much approved of, as well as his Xenorouabia of select readings from various Greek authors. His plan on the present occasion will be best explained in the words of his own elegant dedication to that celebrated commentator Mr. Heyne.

Viro illustri Christiano Gottlob. Heyne, litteratori philosopho qui primus Germanorum in veterum poetarum interpretatione gratias et musas amabili vinculo consociatas adhibuit; artium politioris elegantia universum orbem subtili, si quis alius scientia comprehendit; auctoritate, doctrina, litteris illustravit, morumque humanitatis venerabili exemplo nobilitavit; hanc Eschyli editionem, Heyniana poetarum enarrationis nobilem cursum haud æquis passibus urgentem sed longe sequentem et vestigia prorsus adorantem,

Officii et observantiæ causa dicavit,

Chr. Godofr. Schütz. The further account Mr. Schütz gives of his work in the Preface, amounts to this:

He has consulted four new manuscripts, viz. two from Moscow, communicated by Prof. Matthæi (who found the hymn to Ceres) one from Wirtemberg, and a Guelferbitan one.' These, however, furnished very little, and what little they did furnish had been found before in the manuscripts in the French king's library, collected by Mr. Brunck. Mr. Schütz only mentions them therefore to save other people the trouble of looking for what they will not find. As to himself, he professes not to have looked ambitiously for manuscripts, but to have consulted all the editions (a list of which he gives us) very carefully.

He has made great use of Mr. Brunck's edition of the Prometheus, Persæ, et Septem apud Thebas (Strasb. 1779) not, however, so as not to differ from him, especially when, as is sometimes the case, Mr. Brunck's great genius has led him to hazard conjecture, always sensible, but sometimes too bold and unauthorised.

His opinions of the merits of the several editors he reserves for his comment; in the mean time it appears, he speaks respectfully of Heath, Abresch, and especially Brunck, often very well of Morell, and contemptuously enough of Pauw.

'Mr. P. ought to have said, one from Wittenberg, and one from Wolfenbüttel.