It is evident that it is impossible to determine accurately from the above statements the totals for any state, but, as nearly as may be determined, there were reported sawmills in the various states to the following numbers: New York, 272; Pennsylvania, 88; Virginia, 49; Georgia, 29; Louisiana, 55; Tennessee, 37; Ohio, 136; Illinois, 4; Missouri, 16; Michigan, 4; District of Maine, 7; District of Vermont, 6; Maryland, 4; Alabama, 10, and Territory of Arkansas, 2.

Statistics were given as to furniture and cabinet ware, the wagon, carriage and sleigh industry, cooperage, etc. It is interesting to note that there was not much difference in the uses of woods in 1820 from those which prevailed in 1905. The leading furniture and cabinet wood was mahogany. The expression in answer to the inquiry as to the kinds of raw material employed most frequently used was "mahogany, etc." Next in popularity seemed to be cherry, third walnut, and then poplar, satinwood, whitewood and oak.

CENSUS OF 1840.

The first census prepared with sufficient care to be of any real value was that of 1840, and even in that case the only figures susceptible of tabulation are those relating to the number of sawmills and the value of their product. These figures are given in the following table:

By 1850 the number of states and territories reporting had increased to thirty-six and there had been developed a scheme of inquiry and tabulation substantially the same on the more important items as has prevailed ever since. Consequently, beginning with that census, a series of tables covering the number of establishments, number of wageearners, wages paid, cost of raw material and value of products can be presented, as has been done in this series:

It will be noted that the number of establishments, which in 1840 was reported as 31,650, in 1850 was reduced to 17,475. It is probable that the 1840 report included independent shingle mills, cooperage shops, planing mills, etc., in the total, for it is seen that, in spite of the decrease in number of mills, the value of the product increased during that decade over 400 percent. In 1850 the leading state in the lumber industry, measured by value of product, was New York, followed by Pennsylvania, Maine and Ohio in the order named.

The census of 1860 increased the number of states reporting to 39, while New York surrendered its supremacy in the industry of lumber production to Pennsylvania, which led in every item except cost of materials used.

In number of mills Pennsylvania was followed by New York, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Maine and Virginia in the order named. In the