pier can be loaded 1,800 tons per hour on one side and 15,000 tons in 24 hours. Four steamers can be berthed, loaded or bunkered at one time. Berths for schooners are also provided. The piers are electric lighted and are equipped with stand pipes, and hose fed by a large fire pump which has direct connection with the sea as well as with the city water main. This company has another large pier and low level wharf in good condition.

The Dominon Steel Company also has two piers, and from No. 1 pier is shipped steel rails, billets, etc. It has four towers with a capacity of four tons each, and has ample length and water to accommodate a steamer of 10,000 tons; No. 2 pier has six Hoover and Mason grabs which lift five tons each. At this pier a vessel of 7,000 tons can be discharged in ten to eleven hours, and can discharge from ten to eleven thousand tons in one day. There are several small piers with considerable warehouse accommodation.

The water front for anchoring and berthing for ocean-going shipping in Sydney harbour, with good approach, is about seven miles.

Naval vessels are coaled from barges and lighters, towed to their anchorage. Steamers in large numbers bound for or leaving other Canadian ports call at Sydney and North Sydney for bunker coal.

The average cost per ton for handling general cargo for ocean-going shipping runs from 40 to 70 cents per ton which includes warehousing; lumber from 40 to 60 cents per thousand feet; piling from 15 to 17 cents.

There is a marine slip at North Sydney where vessels up to 250 tons are repaired.

Stores, provisions and supplies of all kinds in any quantity and fresh water can be readily obtained.

At this port there is a signal station, quarantine hospital and storm signals are raised.

Sydney has railway communication with Louisburg and with all parts of Canada by the Intercolonial railway and steam communication directly with Port aux Basques, Newfoundland, 101 miles distant, connecting with the Newfoundland railway and a line of steamers to St. John's, Newfoundland, 400 miles distant. Regular lines of steamers keep up communication with Halifax, Montreal, Quebec and ports of the Maritime provinces and with Boston, U. S.

Lights. One on Flat point, east side of entrance to Sydney harbour, latitude N. 46 16 12, longitude W. 60 22 2, white group flashing, fog whistle, westward of lighthouse; Flat point gas and whistling buoy in 19 fathoms, 21⁄2 miles, 4°, from Flat point, white occulting; lighthouse on west extremity of S.E. bar, latitude N. 46 12 36, longitude W. 60 12 59, red fixed, with fog bell; Sydney N.W. bar gas buoy, on the south-eastern edge of N.W. bar, latitude N. 46 12 48, longitude W. 60 13 34, white occulting; Sydney front light on point south side of west arm of Sydney harbour 1 mile west of Edward point, latitude N. 46 11 3, longitude W. 60 14 51, white revolving, rear light 1⁄2 mile, 214°, from front, white fixed. Battery point, front on Intercolonial Railway pier at point, latitude N. 46 9 17, longitude W. 60 12 5, back, on shore, 1,130 feet 167° from front. Both are red fixed. See List of Lights for Atlantic coast and gulf of St. Lawrence for 1913.

Port Charges are harbour master's and sick mariners' dues, the same as at other Canadian seaports mentioned herein. Port warden's charges according to schedule herein when surveys are made.

Pilotage is under the North Sydney Pilotage authority, and payment is compulsory and half pilotage when spoken, and the inward rates are:-for vessels of 120 to 150 tons, $6.50; vessels 150 to 200 tons, $7.50; from 200 to 250 tons, $9; from 250 to 300 tons; $10, from 300 to 350 tons, $11; from 350 to 400 tons, $12; and for every additional 50 tons or fraction thereof 75 cents extra. Outward pilotage at half rates. Payment of pilotage is compulsory, with the exception of vessels belonging to the county of Richmond and fishing vessels not exceeding 250 tons, which are exempt.

The tonnage of vessels entered and departed for the fiscal year of 1911-12 was 2,720,724.

TADOUSSAC HARBOUR, county of Saguenay, province of Quebec, is situated at the east side, a little beyond entrance of the Saguenay river, about 5 miles. above its confluence with the St. Lawrence. Its entrance lies between points Rouge and Ilot. The bay has a sandy beach at its head, and is 5 cables wide. and 21⁄2 cables deep to the drying line. The anchorage is in 7 to 18 fathoms, clay bottom. The harbour is completely sheltered by either land or reefs, excepting from between S.E. by S. and S.S.E., but no sea of any consequence to a boat ever arises in the harbour.

There are 2 wharves, one at Anse-a-l'eau, 215 feet long, with a shed, 50 by 24 feet; there is a shelter shed, 60 by 30 feet, an oil house 12 by 15 feet. The depth of water at this wharf is from 10 to 19 feet. One wharf at St. Catherine, on the opposite side of the river, where Richelieu & Ontario Nav. Co. steamers call, 300 feet long, with 10 to 19 feet, both depths at low water. In approaching Tadoussac from the east give Vaches patch and Pt. Vaches a berth and pass up in 7 to 9 fathoms opposite point Vaches where the water is much deeper. In coming from the west, Prince shoal is rounded. After passing the shoal the water is very deep in the center of the river. On the Tadoussac side the anchorage for

deep draught ships is in 16 to 18 fathoms, hard clay bottom.

Directions for entering. Deep draught vessels coming to anchor in Tadoussac bay should approach from S.S.E., keeping a conspicuous red brick house, which will be seen close to the yellow belfry of the English church. Immediately on picking up soundings of 16 or 18 fathoms at low water the anchor should be let go. A second anchor may be dropped close to shore on the same line. Comfortable anchorage for small vessels is to the northward of this position in 7 to 8 fathoms.

Beacons.-A white triangular beacon has been erected upon the hill, 294 feet high, behind the Roman Catholic church. It is used in conjunction with one on point Rouge to lead small craft south of Bar reef, west of Prince shoal; a white triangular beacon is erected on the western slope of the rocky promontary (point Ilot) on the west side of Tadoussac bay. This is only used for placing buoys in the district. See Canadian edition of St. Lawrence Pilot below Quebec for 1912 and Admiralty charts Nos. 1370 and 2,516 (1,271).

Lights.-Prince shoal lightship, anchored in 4 fathoms on south edge of shoal, latitude N. 48 6 18, longitude W. 69 36 32, white, red, and white fixed and fog

whistle; range lights, front on pointe Noire on the point near its eastern extremity, latitude N. 48 7 41, longitude W. 69 42 48, white fixed; the rear light is 1,558 feet, 278° 45', from front, also white fixed; one light on outer end of l'Anse-a-l'Eau wharf Tadoussac, latitude N. 48 8 38, longitude W. 69 43 30, white fixed; there

is a bell buoy on Bar reef. See List of Lights on the Atlantic Coast and gulf of St. Lawrence for 1913.

Tadoussac is a summer resort. The Richelieu & Ontario Nav. Co. steamers make regular trips there in ascending or descending the Saguenay river during

A View of Tadoussac Harbour.

the summer months. The Company owns a large hotel, situated at this place. Daily communication is kept up between Quebec and Chicoutimi at the head of the Saguenay river and intermediate ports. Provisions, in limited quantities, may be obtained at Tadoussac and fresh water is easily procured.

Pilotage is under the St. Lawrence river pilotage system.

There is a harbour master at this port and the port charges are similar to other Canadian seaports.

TATAMAGOUCHE BAY lies between Cumberland and Colchester counties, Nova Scotia. It is situated on the south shore of Northumberland strait. The mouth of the bay is between Malagash point in Cumberland county and Peninsula point in Colchester county. The bay runs in 7 miles westward from between these points. Good anchorage is everywhere afforded over soft mud bottom but with insufficient depth of water for large ships far up the bay. From 5 fathoms at its entrance the depth decreases to 3 fathoms at 11⁄2 miles up the bay, and to 2 fathoms at 4 miles, the remainder being all shallow and in part dry at low water, with the exception of both channels. The only detached shoal in the bay is a rock with 7 feet least water, lying 31⁄2 cables off the northern shore and 2 miles in from Malagash point; the northern end of Amet island and Malagash point in line, bearing N. 70° E., leads a cable southward of it. In the outer part of the bay the shore may be approached to the low water depth of 3 fathoms, and farther in to 21⁄2 fathoms. In entering keep well over to the northward to avoid Brule shoal.

The anchorage is good all over Tatamagouche bay, regard having been had to the draught of the vessel, but towards Malagash shoal is better sheltered from north easterly winds. A good position is in 4 fathoms with Amet island, N. 54° E., Malagash point N. 25° W.

Tides rise, springs 8 feet, neaps 5 feet.

Tatamagouche river in the south-western corner of the bay is approached by a very narrow channel through the flats.

Light. There is a light on Amet island outside the mouth of the bay, latitude N. 45 50 15, longitude W. 63 10 20, white fixed.

There is a Harbour Master for Tatamagouche bay who collects harbour master's dues and furnishes information.

THREE RIVERS HARBOUR, St. Maurice county, province of Quebec, is on the north shore of the St. Lawrence at the confluence of St. Maurice and St. Lawrence rivers, 671⁄2 miles above the city of Quebec and 7034 miles from the Guard pier at Montreal. The harbour has constant communication with these two cities and various small towns by steamer and rail. The port has excellent facilities for ocean-going vessels. It has a channel right along the wharves of from 30 to 50 feet in depth and a roadstead of from 1,200 to 1,500 feet in width, and in the narrowest part of about 900 feet, with little tide and no excessive current. For further information see St. Lawrence Pilot, above Quebec (Canadian edition), and the Marine and Fisheries chart No. 11.