by 75 feet, with two sheds measuring 300 feet by 150 feet, and two railway sidings; the depth of water is from 16 to 18 feet at this dock. A new wharf has been built at the west end of the revetment wall with water on the west side 16 feet to 19 feet in depth and on the east side from 5 feet, near the revetment wall, to 14 feet at the head of the wharf, and at a distance beyond the head, it is 16 feet. Outside the 17 feet contour line which runs east and west the water ranges from 17 to 19 feet and in some places the depth is over 20 feet. At the east end of the revetment wall some filling in will be done, and it is proposed to build a wharf along the side of the filled in portion. Near the Oliver Plough works dredging has been done to 20 feet. The Hamilton Steel and Iron Company's dock is 200 feet long by 60 feet wide, with one railway siding; depth of water, 16 feet. A channel has been dredged to the outer end of this dock 18 feet in depth.

Lights. Main light near middle of S. pier at entrance is 1467 feet 236° 40′ from front light, latitude N. 43° 18' 20", longitude W. 79° 48' 25", white fixed. Front light on outer end of S. pier, red fixed. Diaphone attached to this lighthouse. Inner light on end of S. pier 1300 feet 241° 45′ from main tower.

The harbour it is expected will be placed under a Harbour Commission which will administer the affairs of the Harbour.

IROQUOIS HARBOUR, in the county of Dundas, province of Ontario, is situated at the foot of Galops canal on the St. Lawrenceriver. From the head of Rapide Plat canal to Iroquois, at the foot of Galop canal, the St. Lawrence river is navigable for 41⁄2 miles.

The canal enables vessels to overcome the rapids at Pointe-aux-Iroquois, Pointe Cardinal and Galops.

Lights. The nearest light is the gas buoy, number 138-U, at the upper entrance of the canal at Iroquois, latitude N. 44° 46′ 43′′, longitude W. 75° 25′ 17′′, white occulting. At the head of Galop canal, on the west end of the pier, on south side of upper entrance to canal, is a red fixed light.

KASLO HARBOUR, West Kootenay district, British Columbia, is on the north end of the main Kootenay lake. The port has communication by steamboat with Ainsworth, Lardo, Nelson, Proctor, and Kootenay landing, and other places.

Light. On end of spit, Kootenay lake, latitude N. 49° 55′ 0', longitude W. 117° 0' 0", white fixed.

Total tonnage entered and cleared at this port for the fiscal year, 1911-12, was 234,216 tons.

KENORA HARBOUR, Rainy river district, Ontario, formerly called Rat Portage, is on the north side of lake of the Woods. The harbour extends from Bunnell's point, on the east, to Reduction Works, on the west, and is approximately 1 mile long by 11⁄2 mile wide. The entire harbour is land-locked and is available for small vessels. The water is about 10 feet deep and the bottom is sand, gravel and mud. There are 2 entrances, one on the east side from Rainy river direction and the other on the west side from Keewatin channel. Owing to the number of islands on the northern part of lake of the Woods there are a great many channels and they are generally shallow. A number of these channels are buoyed.

Kenora is on the Canadian Pacific Railway's main line between Winnipeg and Fort William and Port Arthur. It has communication by water with Fort Francis at the head of the Rainy river where Rainy lake empties into the river over Fort Francis Falls. The southern part of lake of the Woods is of considerable width, being about 40 miles of clear water from the islands to the mouth of the Rainy river on the south east side of the lake.

The Wharves, beginning on the west side, are as follows: a short dock, 48 feet by 60 feet, 10 feet of water; Town dock, 160 feet by 100 feet, 10 feet of water; Rainy River Navigation Company's wharf, 480 feet by 20 feet, 10 feet of water; Kendall's dock with an "L", 200 feet by 100 feet, 10 feet of water; Town dock, 66 feet by 20 feet with 10 feet of water; Rat Portage Lumber Company's dock, 66 feet by 128 feet with 10 feet of water. South of the latter dock is the Rat Portage Lumber Company's repair slip which will accommodate the largest vessel on lakes, say 335 tons registered tonnage.

A new wharf has recently been built by the Government of pile construction, total length 399 feet 3 in., width 16 feet, with an approach of 35 feet of earth and rock. This wharf has been sheet piled for motor boats, depth of water 20 feet.

Coney island pleasure resort has a wharf at the entrance of the Keewatin channel with 6 feet of water alongside.

There is a spur track to the Rat Portage Company's mill.

Lights.-Lights on lake of the Woods are: two in Bishop's bay, front light on small island about 200 feet north of northwest extremity of Royal island, latitude N. 49° 27′ 53′′, longitude W. 94° 45′ 35′′, white fixed; one on north shore of Royal island also white fixed; one on Squaw island west of South point of island, 37B, latitude N. 49° 17′ 48′′, longitude W. 94° 49′ 10"; one on Ferris island off Hopper point, extreme west of Bigsby island; one on Tomahawk island an island off McAuley bay, altitude N. 49° 1' 38", longitude W. 94° 30′ 35′′, white fixed. There is a bell buoy at the mouth of Rainy river, Rainy river lights, one off south-west extreme of Sable island, latitude N. 48° 53' 7", longtitude W. 94° 40' 38", and another 1494 feet, 164° from front light, red fixed.

KEY HARBOUR is in Parry Sound district, Ontario, midway between French river and Byng inlet on the north shore of Georgian bay. From the bay of Key inlet by channels running between islands the distance is about 7 miles. A deep water course is indicated on the plan of Key harbour published in 1909 by the Department of Marine and Fisheries.

The first wharf is connected with the main line of the Canadian Northern Ontario railway by a spur line seven miles long from Key junction. Iron ore is conveyed to a building on the wharf. Vessels can convey freight to this wharf and discharge. The depth of water at the wharf is 16 feet.

The second wharf is 500 feet long and 28 feet wide; the water is 24 feet deep. On the wharf is an elevator and pockets for the storage of iron ore which is carried by spouts to steamers loading. This wharf was rebuilt in 1911 and extended. The principal shipment from Key harbour is iron ore. Vessels carry cargoes of 8000 or 9000 tons from this harbour to Toledo and Indiana harbours. Good anchorage is found in the harbour and vessels can enter in all winds.

The outside entrance to Key harbour, clear of all dangers, is on Dead range S. 41° W. 111⁄2 miles from Southeast rock in latitude N. 45° 51'9", longitude W. 80° 52′

46". A red gas buoy No. 2 is placed at this point; the next gas buoy is at Murray Bend, red buoy No. 8, close to a 2 foot spot; the next in line is a red gas buoy at Keefer Bend at the junction of Keefer and Wedge ranges in 7 fathoms of water, 150 feet south of Keefer range and on Wedge range; the next gas buoy is No. 20, 75 feet S.E. of range, marking a spot with 14 feet of water, 2000 feet west of Bigsby island; the next gas buoy, red, is at Dokis middle ground marking south extremity 50 feet N.W. of range; the next gas buoy is No. 24, marking north extremity of Mann reef 100 feet south of range; the next gas buoy is No. 26 "Inside" on north end of a shoal patch 50 feet south of Dokis range. Then the range leads to the wharf in Key harbour.

Day beacons were placed in 1908 on the following ranges: Dead, Keefer, Wedge and Dokis ranges. The Dead range in one leads from the open bay to intersection with Keefer range at No. 8 gas buoy, depth of water on Dead range from 30 to 70 feet. Keefer range in one leads from the intersection with Dead range at No. 8 gas buoy to the intersection with Wedge range at No. 14 gas buoy, depth of water on Keefer range from 22 to 39 feet. Wedge range in one leads from the intersection with Keefer range at No. 14 gas buoy to the intersection with Dokis range near No. 23, black spar, depth of water on Wedge range from 27 feet to 60 feet. Dokis range in one leads from the intersection with Wedge range near No. 23, black spar buoy, to the railway wharf; depth of water from 21 feet at the gas buoy to 27 feet near the railway wharf. See Admiralty charts 1213 and plan of Key harbour, No. 99, published by the Department of Marine and Fisheries in 1908 and 1909.

The total tonnage entered and cleared at this port for the fiscal year 1912-13 was 50,714 tons.

KINCARDINE HARBOUR, county of Bruce, Ontario, is situated on the east coast of lake Huron, at the mouth of Penetangore river. The harbour was formed by dredging, building cribwork. Two piers were built into the lake at right angles to the beach forming the entrance. The piers, named North and South piers respectively, are about 750 feet long and 125 feet apart. The outer entrance to the harbour, just outside the piers is dredged to 16 feet; the channel between the piers is dredged 725 feet long, 50 feet wide, to a depth of 15 feet, while the turning basin 350 feet long, 275 feet wide, has 11.2 feet of water, all below low water level. The normal water level for July 1913 was 2 feet 6 inches above low water level.

The harbour is used as a refuge for vessels not drawing over the depth in the basin. It is a regular port of trade for a line of steamers running between lake Huron ports and Sault Ste. Marie.

A breakwater is contemplated N.W. of the North pier, to break the sea at the entrance; at present with a heavy sea running, it is difficult to make the entrance. The docks in the basin accommodate vessels drawing eleven feet and at the dock on the western side of the basin the water is fourteen feet. There is a life-saving station located in the harbour equipped with a surf boat and apparatus.

Some 5 miles from Kincardine, or midway between Point Clark (locally called Pine Point) light and Kincardine, are Tolmie reefs, composed of five reefs, with from 12 to 13 feet of water, Clark reef, one mile outside the point of that name is another danger. See Pilot for lake Huron and Admiralty chart No. 3319.

Lights.-Range lights in Kincardine leading into the harbour, front on N. pier, 230 feet from W. end, 1200 feet 285° from main light, red fixed; back or main light in town on hill side, latitude N. 44° 10′ 38′′, longitude W. 81° 38′ 22′′, white flashing; the fog alarm is situated 1375 feet N. of harbour entrance, at town water works building and is a steam siren maintained by corporation. See List of Lights on Inland Waters for 1913.

The total tonnage entered and cleared at this port for the fiscal year, 1911-12 was 20,816 tons.

KINGSTON HARBOUR, Frontenac county, Ontario, is situated on the St Lawrence river, at the north-eastern extremity of lake Ontario. The Cataraqui river empties into the St. Lawrence river at Kingston, and the mouth of it froms part of the harbour above the bridge. The extent of the harbour, from Portsmouth, on the west, to Bell island, on the eastern side, is about 334 miles, and the depth of water varies from about 12 to 20 feet at the outer ends of the wharves to 40 feet in places opposite the city in the St. Lawrence river.

The wharves from the west to the east are Portsmouth pier, about 610 feet long by 20 feet wide; depth of water from 4 to 17 feet; Penitentiary wharf, frontage 1,040 feet, with an angle from the west side 230 feet by 30 feet; Clark's malt house wharf, 180 feet on the west side by 35 feet, the front side of the angle is 140 feet;, depth of water, 21 to 22 feet along the front side; Rathbun's wharf, length along the front, 275 feet by 30 feet in width with sheds, water from 11 to 17 feet; Maitland street wharf, 120 feet long by 20 wide, water, 17 feet; Waterworks wharf, front side of angle, 155 feet long by 20 feet wide, depth of water from 14 to 18 feet; another waterworks wharf, 220 feet from shore to outer end by 25 feet wide, water 27 to 29 feet at outer end; Moder's elevator wharf with 20 feet of water at the outer end; Kingston Locomotive Works wharf, 410 feet long by 265 wide on the front, water along the front side, 18 feet; Craig's wharf, frontage, 145 feet, depth of water, 10 to 11 feet; Grand Trunk freight shed, 272 feet frontage, with from 12 to 14 feet of water alongside; Swift's wharf, west side, 400 feet long by 82 feet wide, with freight sheds, depth of water along the front, 12 feet; Ferry dock, 214 feet long by 36 feet wide, depth of water, 9 feet at outer end; Richardson's elevator wharf, 394 feet long by 65 feet wide, water at outer end, 10 feet 6 inches; Mrs. Harty's wharf, 200 feet long by 104 wide, depth of water at outer end, 8 feet; Crawford's wharf, 196 feet long by 64 feet wide, depth of water, 8 feet at the head of the wharf.

Montreal Transportation Company's wharf, 810 feet long, width varying from 66 feet to 20 feet, with two projections on the east side 80 feet long each, water alongside projection, 17 feet, at the outer end, 13 feet 6 inches; Montreal Transportation Company's elevator wharf, 645 feet long by 92 feet wide, depth of water along the west side, 10 feet, at the outer end 16 feet. Above the bridge over the Cataraqui river is the coal wharf of the Kingston and Pembroke Railway Company, 400 feet long, and another wharf of the same company 925 feet long by 66 feet, and one 760 feet long by 68 feet wide, upon which are railway tracks on all of the three wharves.

There are two docks for repairing vessels, one belonging to the government, 290 feet long by 79 feet wide at coping level, 47 feet at floor level, with 16 to 18 feet

over the sill. This dock can be lengthened to 323 feet; the other, Davis' dock, for light draft vessels, is situated above the bridge; it is 182 feet long by 31 feet at the entrance, and depth of water 4 feet 6 inches over the sill.

Kingston has three grain elevators with a capacity of 1,800,000 bushels, and considerable quantities of wheat are transhipped to ocean ports from the port. Extensive repairs are sometimes made to vessels, and material can be easily procured. Kingston has water communication east and west and railroad communication with all parts of Canada and with the United States. The harbour is under the control of the city corporation.

Lights.-Range lights on Barriefield Common, front, 370 feet E. from end of Bridge to Kingston, latitude N. 44° 14' 4", longitude W. 76° 28′ 24′′, back, 1500 feet 37° from front, both white fixed. Portsmouth range, front on E. extremity of Carruthers point, west side Little Cataraqui bay, latitude N. 44° 12′ 38", longitude W. 76° 32′ 46", back on N. shore of bay, 3550 feet 21° from front, both white fixed. On Penitentiary shoal is a gas buoy showing a white fixed light. See List of Lights on the Inland Waters for 1913.

tons.

Total tonnage entered and departed for the fiscal year 1911-12 was 2,564,588

KINGSVILLE HARBOUR, county of Essex, Ontario, on the north shore of lake Erie, about 25 miles east of the mouth of the Detroit river, is an artificial harbour formed by 2 piers making an entrance 180 feet wide. The outer entrance to the channel, 300 feet long, 275 feet wide, was dredged to a depth of 17.5 feet below low water level. The channel between piers from a point opposite the outer end of East pier is 180 feet wide, 16 feet deep below low water level and for a length of 650 feet adjacent to the East pier the channel is approximately 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep, further inside the harbour the depth in channel and turning basin is 15 feet at low water level. The West pier, or breakwater, is some 1,500 feet in length, while the East pier, used as a wharf, with freight shed, 14 by 15 feet, and waiting room, 14 by 14 feet, is 800 feet long.

Kingsville is the centre of a rich farming district, with a line of steamers from other ports calling regularly, and has communication with Pelee island in the lake, and is a harbour of refuge.

Lights.-Range, front on outer end of East breakwater pier, 10 feet from W. edge, latitude N. 42° 1' 37", longitude W. 82° 43′ 50"; back, on top of bank at head of East pier 349° 1,060 feet from front, both red fixed. See List of Lights on Inland Waters for 1913.

The total tonnage entered and cleared at this port for the fiscal year, 1911-12 was 100,028 tons.

KOOTENAY LANDING HARBOUR, East Kootenay district, British Columbia, situated at the south end of the lake, is the terminus of the Crows Nest Pass railway. There are suitable wharves at Kootenay Landing for the C. P. Ry. steamboats that ply between Nelson and other ports on the lake. A car ferry, consisting of barges towed by powerful tugs, exists between the Landing and Proctor, the terminal of a branch of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

Lights. One on west side of mouth of Upper Kootenay river, latitude N. 45° 15' 49", longitude W. 116° 41' 36", white fixed. See List of Lights for Pacific Coast, 1913.