British Columbia in respect of shipping and discharging of seamen of Canadian foreign sea-going ships and Canadian home trade ships. Part IV relates to shipping of seamen on the inland waters of Canada. The different forms specified in the Act are from H to P, both included. Agreements or articles are signed by the masters and seamen of vessels on form H, in regard to foreign sea-going and coasting vessels over eighty tons register, before shipping masters or in the presence of a respectable witness. These agreements contain as terms:

(a) the nature and as far as practicable, the duration of the intended voyage or engagement;

(b) the number and description of the crew, specifying how many are engaged as sailors;

(c) the times at which each seaman is to be on board or to begin to work ;

(d) the capacity in which each seaman is to serve ;

(e) the amount of wages each seaman is to receive ;

(f) a scale of the provisions which are to be furnished to each seaman ;

(g) any regulations provided by form M as to conduct on board and as to fines, short allowance of provisions or other lawful punishments for misconduct which the parties agree to adopt.

The duties of a shipping master require him to afford facilities for engaging and discharging seamen, keeping a register of all seamen engaged and discharged and the fees paid by seamen for this service. It is also his duty to procure the presence of seamen engaged, on board, to deal with cases of desertion in port and to prevent improper discharging of seamen by masters. The fees for shipping salt water seamen are 50 cents for each seaman and 30 cents for discharging, excepting in British Columbia, where the fee may be any sum agreed upon, not exceeding $10, including the fee of 50 cents. The fees on inland waters are 40 cents for shipping and 20 cents for discharging each seaman.

Receivers of Wreck.-The Governor General in Council may appoint any officer of customs or any other person, when more convenient, to be a receiver of wreck. It is the duty of a receiver of wreck, of any district, when a vessel is stranded or in distress in that district, to proceed to the place of stranding and take command for the preservation of the vessel and lives of the shipwrecked persons, but he cannot take command of the ship or cargo if the master, agent or owners object. Certain officers mentioned in the Shipping Act may exercise the powers of a receiver in the absence of a receiver. The receiver or officer may sell wreck or goods in his custody pay the salvage fees and expenses and then shall deliver any remaining portion. to the person entitled to receive it. The maximum fees charged by receivers in addition to expenses properly and necessarily incurred, are as follows:

For every inquiry into a casualty regardless of the number of persons examined a sum not exceeding $8.

For furnishing copy of evidence, 20 cents per 100 words.

For every salvage dispute heard and determined by the receiver in which the claim does not exceed $100 or the value of the property saved does not exceed $250, a sum to be charged on the property saved, not exceeding $5.

For all other cases in which disputes are heard and determined by the receiver to be charged on the property saved, $10.

For wreck received or taken by the receiver into his custody, a percentage of five per centum upon the value; but in no case shall the percentage exceed $80, to be charged on the wreck or derelict.

For every sale of a wreck conducted by a receiver, a sum not exceeding one per cent on the proceeds of sale.

For copies of certificates of valuation when the value is under $3,000, a sum not exceeding $4.

In other cases, to be charged on the property valued, $8.

In cases where services are rendered by a receiver to any vessel in distress but not wrecked or in respect of the cargo, if the vessel with her cargo exceeds $3,000, the sium of $8 for the first day and $4 for every subsequent day during which the receiver is employed on such service. If such vessel and cargo are less than $3,000 in value, one-half the above mentioned

sum.

In no case shall the amount exceed $100 to be charged on such vessel or articles.

Pilotage. The Governor in Council may from time to time, make the payment of pilotage compulsory or not compulsory, within the limits of any pilotage district fixed by the Governor in Council. Local pilotage authorities are appointed by the Governor General in Council, with the exception of the districts of Montreal and Quebec, the Minister of Marine and Fisheries being the pilotage authority for the two districts named. By-laws are framed and pilotage charges fixed by the pilotage authorities and approved by the Governor in Council. Pilots are licensed by the pilot authorities after they prove themselves competent by examination. Their boats fly the pilot's flag and pilots are required to offer their services to vessels whether they require them or not. The employinent of pilots is not compulsory in any Canadian pilotage district, but the payment of pilotage dues in many districts is compulsory if the services of a pilot have been accepted, or have been offered and refused; the charge in some districts being full pilotage rates and in others half rates, if spoken and the services refused. Where the bylaws provide, the payment of outward pilotage is compulsory as well as inward pilotage. Unlicensed persons when requested may act as pilots, when a vessels is in distress or no pilot has offered to pilot a ship or make a signal, and the unlicensed person shall be entitled to full pilotage dues for his services.

In waters where pilotage districts exist and it is impossible to board a vessel, a pilot is entitled to pilotage for leading a vessel by his boat to her destination. Masters of steamers running regularly in certain waters are sometimes licensed to pilot their own vessels upon payment of an annual fee.

His Majesty's ships and the Dominion government ships, are exempt from the payment of pilotage dues and also any ship bound inward when no licensed pilot offers his services, also

Ships making or entering a harbour of refuge.

Ships registered in Canada of not more than 120 tons registered tonnage.

Any ship whose master or mate is licensed to pilot his own vessel within the waters she is then navigating.

Ships not exceeding two hundred and fifty tons that any pilotage authority determines to be exempt within its jurisdiction.

All ships registered in Canada of not more than two hundred and fifty ton registered tonnage, navigating the St. Lawrence river.

Further exemptions are vessels employed in trading between any one or more of the provinces of Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island, and any other or others of them.

Vessels employed in voyages between any port or ports in the said provinces or any of them, and the port of New York or any port of the United States of America on the Atlantic north of New York

Vessels employed in voyages between any port in any of the provinces above mentioned and any port in Newfoundland.

Wharfingers. The wharfingers are appointed by the Governor General in Council and are remunerated from tolls collected upon articles landed or shipped at the government wharves and from vessels moored or lying at them. The tariff of tolls is reasonable, and forms part of the regulations under which the wharfingers are authorized to levy tolls and dues. Persons refusing to pay tolls for the use of these wharves, render themselves liable to penalties or imprisonment, and the tolls, dues and penalties are a lien on the goods and on vessels when payment is not made.

For sailing vessels making use of government wharves, the side wharfage scale of charges is graduated from 10 cents for vessels of 50 tons up to $1.50 per day for vessels over 1,600 tons.

For steamers: from 20 cents per ton for steamers of 50 tons up to $3 for steamboats of 1,600 tons, payable once a day if the steamer calls at the same wharf twice in the same day, and steamboats making use of the same wharf three times a week are required to pay twice only. Steamboats landing goods of which the freight amounts to $10 only or less, are required to pay only half of the usual rate of wharfage.

STEAMBOAT INSPECTORS AND STEAMBOAT INSPECTION.

The Governor General in Council shall, from time to time, appoint at such places as he deems advisable in Canada, steamboat inspectors whose duties shall be to inspect steamboats and examine applicants for engineers' certificates.

All passenger steamboats over five tons gross tonnage are subject to inspection, of boilers, machinery, hulls and equipment yearly, according to the rules of steamboat inspection.

Every freight steamer of more than one hundred and fifty tons gross is subject to inspection yearly, according to the rules of steamboat inspection for boilers, machinery and hulls.

Freight steamers, tug boats and steamers used for fishing purposes, under one hundred and fifty tons and more than five tons gross tonnage are subject to inspection of boilers and machinery, according to the rules of steamboat inspection.

Steam dredges, floating elevators and vessels of like kind are subject to the annual inspection of steamers and machinery, as required by the rules for the inspection of steamboats.

At present, there is no fee charged for inspection except upon steamers registered elsewhere than in Canada when engaged in carrying passengers between

Canadian ports and not holding a British Board of Trade Certificate. The fee is then in Canada eight cents on the gross tonnage of such foreign steamer. Engineers' Certificates.-For the first certificate granted to an engineer of any class the fee is five dollars, and for every certificate after an examination for a higher class the fee is also five dollars.

The fee for a temporary certificate is two dollars.

If a certificate is lost or becomes illegible it may be renewed at the cost of one dollar.

First-class engineers are permitted to take charge of any steamboat.

Second-class engineers are permitted to take charge of any freight steamboat or of any other steamboat except a sea-going passenger boat of more than one hundred nominal horse-power.

Third-class engineers are not permitted to take charge of any sea-going steamboat but may take charge of any coasting passenger steamer or passenger steamers on inland waters, of not more than thirty nominal horse-power, single cylinder engines or of forty-five horse-power compound engines, or any freight steamboat of not more than seventy-five nominal horse-power.

Fourth-class engineers may act in the capacity of assistant engineers on any steamboat except sea-going passenger steamers of more than one hundred nominal horse-power, but cannot act as chief engineers on any ssteamboat.

Temporary certificates, valid for 12 months on a specified steamer, are issued to applicants who have sufficient knowledge and experience of steamboat machinery to act as engineers on passenger steamers, provided the engines are not more than four nominal horse-power if of the single cylinder type or fourteen horse-power if of the compound type and confined to certain limits.

Masters and Mates.-No ship registered in Canada, over one hundred tons registered tonnage, shall go on a sea-going voyage unless the master and first mate or only mate have certificates for sea-going ships.

No sailing ship nor steamship registered in Canada, over one hundred and fifty tons, registered tonnage, is permitted to leave any port or place in Canada on any coasting voyage or ply on any Canadian water, without a master who has a valid certificate.

Every ship registered in Canada of over 400 tons and every passenger steamer, registered in Canada, carrying more than forty passengers on a coasting voyage or on any waters of Canada must have a certificated master and mate.

Pleasure yachts not used for carrying passengers or goods for hire, ships employed solely in fishing and barges not propelled by steam or other vessels without masts, sails and rigging, sailing ships employed in the coast-wise trade of not more than one hundred tons, registered tonnage, propelled by auxiliary power other than steam, employed partly in fishing and partly in the carriage of freight. and steamers five tons gross tonnage and under are not required by law to carry certificated masters and mates.

Scale of fees for Canadian certificates granted to masters and mates :-
For a certificate of competency as master, fifteen dollars.

For a certificate of competency to a sea-going mate, eight dollars.

For a certificate of competency to a mate coasting or sailing on inland waters

or minor inland waters of Canada, six dollars.

For a certificate of service as master the fee is eight dollars, and for a certificate of service as mate sea-going, five dollars.

For a certificate of service as mate, coasting or on inland waters, four dollars. Sea-going certificates of service for vessels of not more than one hundred and fifty tons are granted to masters and mates who can prove service in the respective positions previous to 1884 and can produce satisfactory evidence of good character and can pass the colour test, on payment of the usual fee.

Service certificates for coasting and inland waters are granted to masters and mates who can produce satisfactory evidence of having been masters and mates previous to the year 1883, on payment of the usual fee.

On the loss or deprivation of a master's or mate's certificate, a certified copy can be secured, on application to the Minister, on such terms and conditions as the Minister sees fit.

Sick and Distressed Mariners.-Duty on Ships.-There shall be levied and collected on every ship arriving in any port in the provinces of Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and British Columbia a duty of one and one-half cent for every ton which such ship measures registered tonnage to be paid at the custom house of the port.

Ships of the burthen of more than one hundred tons register shall be liable for the payment of the said duty three times in one year but not oftener.

Ships of the burthen of one hundred tons or less, shall be liable to the payment of the said duty once in each year but not oftener.

Ships employed in fishing may by paying the fee once in a year before starting on a fishing voyage, enjoy the benefits of the fund.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF MASTERS AND SEAMEN WHEN USING THE ROCKET APPARATUS FOR SAVING LIFE.

PUBLISHED BY LLOYD'S COMMITTEE BY AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF TRADE.

In the event of your vessel stranding on the coast of the United Kingdom, and the lives of the crew being placed in danger, assistance will, if possible, be rendered from the shore in the following manner; namely,

1. A rocket with a thin line attached will be fired across your vessel. Get hold of this line as soon as you can; and when you have secured it, let one of the crew be separated from the rest, and, if in the daytime, wave his hat or his hand, or a flag or handkerchief; or, if at night, let a rocket, a blue light, or a gun be fired, or let a light be waved as a signal to those on shore.

2. When you see one of the men on shore, separated from the rest, wave a red flag, or, if at night, wave a red light; you are to haul upon the rocket line until you get a tailed block with an endless fall rove through it.

3. Make the tail of the block fast to the mast well above the deck, or if your masts are gone, then to the best place that can be found, bearing in mind that the lines should be kept clear from chafing the wreck, and that space is left above for the hawser (see paragraph 5). When the tail block is made fast, and the