The Treasurer of the Trustees of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church acknowledges the receipt of the following sums for their Theological Seminary at Princeton, N. J. during the month of August last, viz.

Of Messrs. Hurd and Sewall, the fifth annual payment of the generous sub-
scription of the Rev. Dr. John Codman, of Dorchester, Mass., of $100 a
year for ten years, and appropriated to the Contingent Fund
Of Rev. David Comfort, his third instalment for the Synods of New York
and New Jersey Professorship, $10, and $1 from a member of his congre-
gation for the same object

Of Rev. William R. De Witt, from "the Female Society in Harrisburgh, to
aid the Theological Seminary at Princeton," for the Philadelphia Synod's
Professorship

Of William Vernon, Esq., "in full for Mrs. Burril Boyring's subscription to the Theological Seminary at Princeton." The fund is not mentioned. Supposed to be for the Southern Professorship

Of Rev. Dr. Samuel Miller, per James S. Green, Esq., for the Le Roy and
Banyer Scholarships

Diew of Publick Affairs.

EUROPE.

The news which we have received from Europe, during the month which has just closed, is neither abundant nor of great interest. Throughout that most cultivated and commanding section of the globe, things appear to remain very much in statu quo. A process, however, is, in our opinion, going on in silence, which will ultimately be productive of great events, and most important changes.

BRITAIN.-Liverpool papers to the 23d, and London papers to the 18th of July, bring the latest intelligence from Britain that we have seen. The British Parliament was prorogued sine die, on the 6th of July: and it was confidently believed that it would be dissolved, and that a new Parliament would be chosen. It appears that among the last acts of the late Parliament was one reducing the duties on hemp,. ashes, brimstone, olive oil, and a number of other articles. Mr. Brougham gave notice, near the close of the last sessions, that unless, between that time and the next meeting of Parliament, the local legislatures and other authorities in the British West Indies, should take measures to alleviate the condition of the slaves, he would bring forward a motion for a bill to compel them to do it: and he specified the points, six in number, to which the contemplated bill should refer. He also intimated, that if any occurrence should prevent his doing as he had intimated, it would be done by others; and that the measure was called for, and would be borne out, by the general voice of the people of England.-Mr. Canning had been very ill of a second attack of gout, but was again nearly recovered.-Considerable progress had been made in the digging of the tunnel under the Thames. There are to be two archways for carriages, and distinct pathways for foot passengers. The width of the tunnel is to be thirty-five feet, its height twenty, and length one thousand and two hundred. Each archway is to have fourteen feet clear width, with frequent communications from one to the other. The depth of the path below the surface of the river is seventy-seven feet. The depth of the water in the ship channel is thirty-four feet, and besides a bed of several feet of gravel and sand, it is computed there will be a thickness of tifteen feet of solid earth between the crown of the tunnel and the bed of the river. A strong arch of brick work is to be built, as fast as the excavation advances. The clay removed in the excavation of the tunnel is conveyed to a neighbouring field, and there converted into bricks, to be replaced, in their new form, in the construction of the arch. The entrances to the tunnel are to be approached by circular descents of easy declivity, not exceeding four feet in a hundred. The archways are to be constantly lighted with gas. The situation of the tunnel is such that no bridge could be permitted there, on account of the obstruction it would afford to the navigation of the river. The expense is estimated at £160,000, a much less sum than would be required for the erection of a bridge. It is expected that it will be finished in three years.

The weather in England had been unusually warm. At Liverpool, on the 18th of July, the thermometer was up to 84°, which was higher than it had risen before for a number of summers.

FRANCE. The determination of the French government to acknowledge the independence of Hayti, was first known in Paris about the 8th of July. Meetings of merchants, and of others concerned in commerce and navigation, had been held in a number of the largest cities and towns of France, to make representations to the government, requesting that the independence of the South American States might be recognised; or that French commercial agents might be appointed to those states. It was the general opinion at Paris, that the French government would very soon take the same measures which have been taken by Britain, relative to the late colonies of Spain and Portugal in America. It appears that the French government is really embarrassed by its conquest of Spain. It can obtain no pay for the troops that have been, and still are, there employed. Poor Spain has nothing to give--Money she has none; and she cannot give her colonies, for she has lost them nearly all-and France has lost even their trade, by making common cause with Spain: and if Spain, in her present plight, would give herself, she is really not worth having. By her campaigns in Spain, France has for a time at least, checked the spirit of liberalism; but in all other respects she has been a loser.-The French chambers have terminated their late sessions. The fleet which brought out the commissioners who negotiated with the Haytian republick for its independence, has come on our coast, and gone into Hampton roads, near Norfolk. A part of the fleet is about to return to France; the frigates are to remain till after the equinoctial season.

SPAIN and PORTugal remain much as they were. We cannot pretend to detail, monthly, the unimportant concerns of these degraded kingdoms. It appears that Cadiz, the chief maritime city of Spain, has not only lost the best part of its commerce, but that its population is greatly diminished.

HOLY ALLIANCE.-The powers which are known under this misapplied appellation, were about to hold a conference at Milan. On the subject of this conference there are many speculations among the European politicians; but nothing is certainly known. The prevalent opinion seems to be, that the state of Italy will exclusively oc cupy the attention of the royal conferees. We can only say, that if this be so, it will be strange. Our fears are for the poor Greeks.-These allied powers have, it appears, compelled one of the Swiss Cantons to do what has compelled a professor of law in the University of Basel, Dr. Follen, to flee his country, and take refuge in the United States. Despotism has indeed the best reason to fear the effects of enlightening the minds of youth, in regard to the nature of civil and religious liberty. Hence we find that in Germany, Prussia, Russia, and the adjoining countries, so much attention has been given to the universities. But although there may be a temporary suppression of teachings and publications unfriendly to arbitrary power, the march of mind cannot be long arrested-Magna est veritas et prævalebit.

The emperor of Germany, it appears, is endeavouring to reduce the interest of his enormous debt, from five to four per cent. By the aid of the celebrated Rothschild, he proposes to pay off all creditors, who will not exchange their five per cent. stock, for other stock at four per cent,

GREECE.-The accounts from Greece, in the former part of the last month, were extremely contradictory; nor are they yet entirely harmonized. It seems however to be pretty well ascertained, that the Greeks have obtained great advantages at sea; and that the Turks have been successful to a considerable extent in their land opera tions. Nearly the whole of the Turkish marine at sea, including that of their Egyptian and Algerine allies, has either been burnt and captured, or compelled to take shelter in fortified ports; where it is watched and blockaded by the Grecian vessels of war. On the other hand, the Turks have taken the Grecian fortress of Navarino. It surren dered by capitulation on the 18th of May, on condition that the garrison, giving up their arms, should be conveyed in English and Austrian ships to Calemata, a town in the Morea. The three fortresses of Coron, Modon, and Navarino, all in a cluster, in the south-western point of the Morea, are now in the hands of the Turks. Yet they have gained but a small extent of territory; and if the Greeks are able to resist their combined force, and to prevent succours reaching them by land, as they probably will be able to do by sea-the Turks must eventually surrender at discretion, or be destroyed by famine. There is still, however, a most inauspicious difference among the Greek commanders, and even among the common soldiers, which we regard as the worst feature in the present aspect of their cause. Our hope for them is in the overruling providence of God; but they are called to a far more severe conflict, in the present campaign, than we had anticipated. Both by land and sea the Turkish operations are materially assisted by some who bear the Christian name-These the Greeks, it appears, always sacrifice without mercy, as soon as taken; while they reserve their Turkish captives for slavery, or for an exchange. We are glad to see that there is even this abatement of ferocity. It is stated that the Turks have fulfilled the articles of capitulation at Navarino, except in the detention of a few officers.

ASIA.

The British papers which have reached this country within the last month, contain information, which renders it highly probable that the entire western part of the Burman empire will, at no distant period, be subject to British influence and control -perhaps it is so at this time. The kingdom of Assam, forming the north-west point of that empire, and conquered by the Burmese only about five years ago, has fallen entirely into the hands of the British. It was entered by Lieutenant-Colonel Richards, on the 27th of Jan. last; and after two battles he was, at the date of the last despatches, Feb. 4, in possession of Rungpore, the capital of the kingdom. He had taken 200 pieces of cannon, and believed the whole kingdom to be under his control.-In the mean time, in the southern part of the empire, Sir Archibald Campbell was pursuing his conquests. The native chiefs were divided-and little doubt remained that Ava, or Umrapora, would be in his possession before long.

The faith, patience, and perseverance of the Baptist missionaries at Serampore, have, we learn, been put to another severe trial. Having, by the liberality of their friends in Europe and the United States, and by their own great exertions, re-esta blished their mission houses, printing houses, and printing presses, which, to the value of about 50,000 dollars, were destroyed by fire in 1812, they have seen them again desolated by water-producing, probably, a still greater loss. By a sudden and un

exampled rise of the river Ganges, several hundred houses, in the town and neighbourhood of Serampore, were swept away, and some thousands of the inhabitants found a watery grave. The large mission edifice, which contained all the printing presses, was almost wholly destroyed.-Some of the types and paper, and all the manuscripts, were fortunately saved. The venerable Dr. Carey was confined in the mission house, in a state of convalescence from a fever, at the time of the inundation -he was carried out, only a little time before the house fell. It is stated that the new college, which stood on higher ground than the mission house, and the most of the town, has received no injury. This surely is instructive-It will doubtless lead to the erection of all their publick buildings hereafter, on elevated situations. Thus are we taught by calamities, lessons which nothing else will teach; and good is brought out of evil. But as the rise of the Ganges which produced this calamity, is said to have been unexampled, no censure ought to attach to the missionaries, for not having located their buildings before, in a place of greater safety. We trust that publick liberality will not be wanting, to enable them to repair all their losses; and even to make their printing establishments more complete, commodious, and permanent, than they have ever been. The whole Christian world, and whole learned world too, is their debtor, for the exertions they have made to translate the Holy Scriptures into the numerous languages of the most populous region of the earth.

AFRICA.

The intelligence received from Africa in the course of the last month, may be summarily stated in four items. The plague is raging at Alexandria.-The Pacha of Egypt is making arrangements for the extensive cultivation of indigo, as well as of cotton. The recent discoveries of British travellers are believed to decide definitely, that the river Niger is neither lost in the sands of central Africa, nor continued till it becomes the Nile; but, by a long circuitous course, returns westward, and empties into the Atlantick Ocean.—And an extensive British establishment, countenanced by the government, is about being made, on a fertile island 60 miles long, called Fernando Po, near to Benin-which establishment is expected to furnish a station for British ships to suppress the slave trade; to be highly favourable to commerce; and ultimately to be very efficient in civilizing and christianizing the African continent.

WEST INDIES.

One of the most tremendous and desolating hurricanes ever known, has lately swept over several of the West India islands. Many lives have been lost, much shipping has been injured and destroyed, and the destruction of property of every kind has been great.-The naval depot, of the United States for the West India station, at what is called Key West, has been visited with yellow fever. It is said that two-thirds of the marines have died; and that of 65 marines and seamen remaining there, only nine were fit for duty.—Ought such an unhealthy station to be maintained?

AMERICA.

THE BRAZILS AND BANDA ORIENTAL.-Under this title we gave some account in our last number, of an attempt to revolutionize that part of the dominions of the emperor of the Brazils, which is called Banda Oriental. The advices since received, seem to leave little doubt that a very serious conflict is in prospect, or rather has already commenced. The Brazilian garrison of Monte Video, it appears, made a vigorous sortie, but were repulsed with considerable loss by the besiegers, under General Bizaro. Don Pedro I. is making vigorous efforts to preserve Monte Video, and has demanded of Buenos Ayres a categorical answer, on the subject of war or peace. There is little doubt that war will ensue, between the emperor and what are called "The United Provinces of South America," which it is stated have created a national army of nearly 8000 men. In the mean time, another insurrection against the emperor has taken place at Pernambuco, which is just about as far to the north-east of his capital, as Monte Video is to the south-west. The emperor has fulminated a procla mation against the Pernambucans, with some glances at others of his subjects who may be restive under his imperial authority. We have seen only an extract from the proclamation, but that would do no discredit to any member of the Holy Alliance. We mistake if he will not, before long, find more serious business on his hands than the issuing of proclamations.-Since penning the above, we learn by an arrival direct from Buenos Ayres-left on the 8th of July-that "no doubt was entertained in Buenos Ayres, that the war with the Brazils was to be a common cause of all the South American republicks."

The republicks of the south are, we believe, without exception, but in different degrees, approximating to a state of regular order in their civil establishments. Peru seems to be far in the rear of the rest. The fortress of Callao still holds out.-Great

expectations are entertained of the good effects to result from the meeting of a general congress at Panama in the coming October.

UNITED STATES.-The controversy in Georgia, relative to the lands of the Creek Indians, has at length brought the executive of the United States into a direct collision with the Governor of that State. The Governor has quarrelled with and denounced every agent, civil and military, that the President of the United States has employed to settle the controversy relative to the treaty with the Indians; by which treaty it is affirmed by the Governor, and denied by them, their lands were fairly ceded to the United States for the benefit of Georgia, and their consent obtained to remove peaceably beyond the river Mississippi. In our last number we stated that General Gaines found, on investigation, that the treaty in question, had been treacherously formed by the chief M'Intosh and a few of his party, in opposition to the mind and will of all the other principal chiefs, and of forty-nine fiftieths of the whole Creek population. Although this opinion of General Gaines was communicated in a manner, as seems to us, as unexceptionable as possible, to the Governor of Georgia, he replied to the communication in a style so intemperate and disrespectful, that the General returned him an answer, not indecorous, but well calculated to touch him to the quick-And this we think he richly deserved. On this, the cavalier Governor informed the General that he would hold no further communications with him. About this time, the Secretary of War of the United States, by the express order of the President, addressed two letters, of the same date, one to the Governor, and the other to the General, stating that the treaty with the Creeks, which it was affirmed had been obtained by fraud, should be submitted to Congress at an early part of their next session; and that in the mean time, as one article of the treaty as it now stands, stipulates that the lands of the Indians shall not be surveyed, preparatory to their removal, till the autumn of 1826-no attempt to make the survey should be permitted till that time. If an attempt should be made, General Gaines was explicitly instructed to seize the trespassers, and turn them over to the civil authority. A copy of the letter to General Gaines was sent by the Secretary to the Governor, and a copy of the letter to the Governor was transmitted to the General. The Governor, on the reception of his letter, directed an answer immediately to the President of the United States-not deigning to say any thing to the Secretary-in which, in the most discourteous manner he implicates all the men, measures, and motives, which have been concerned in this business, on the part of the general government-So stands the matter at present. We exceedingly rejoice, as we believe do all the friends to national justice and honour in our country, at the course which, in this delicate concern, has been pursued by the President. The letters directed by the Secretary, under his order, to Governor Troup and General Gaines, are eminently characterized by the union of dignity, delicacy, precision and firmness. We cannot believe that a majority of the inhabitants of Georgia are with their Governor in this controversy. Even on the supposition that they believe he is right, as to the object for which he contends, they cannot, we think, fail to see that he has treated the national government and its agents, in a manner that cannot be defended for a moment-in a manner, too, the least of all calculated to obtain what he seeks. For ourselves, we earnestly hope that what he seeks he will never obtain; persuaded, as we are, that if he should obtain his wishes, the most cruel injustice would be done to the Creek Indians, and an indelible blot of infamy be stamped on our national character.

During the last month, and for some time previously, a naval court martial has been sitting at the seat of the general government, on the trial of two of our distinguished naval commanders, and several officers of lower rank. We regret, in common with our countrymen generally, that there should have been an occasion for the proceedings that have taken place; but since the occasion existed, it is for the honour of the government, and of the navy too, that fair trials have been had, and that decisions, regarded as equitable by the community in general, have been made. The court is yet sitting, and the decision in the case of Commodore Stewart is not yet known.

No summer, within our memory, has given an average of heat, equal to that which is now closed. It has occasioned many sudden deaths, but has not been productive of any general sickness. Storms and tornadoes have occurred in several places, by which some lives have been lost, and much damage has been done to buildings and to the fruits of the earth, within their dreadful sweep-which however has, in mercy, not been extensive. The yellow fever exists in the town of Mobile; and it is both affirmed and denied that it has appeared in New Orleans.

ERRATA IN OUR LAST NUMBER.

Page 356, line 18, for Fasau read Forsan.

384, 10 from bot., for man read men.