she was at length permitted, in 1849, to attend a course of medical lectures at the Central New York College, of Rochester. She was afterwards admitted to the Syracuse Eclectic College. The appalling struggle was maintained for four years longer before she obtained her degree at the last named institution, in 1853.

"Man's due deserts each reader may recite,

For men of men do make a goodly show,
But woman's works can never come to light;
No mortal man their famous acts may know;
No writer will a little time bestow,

The worthy acts of woman to repeat ;

Though their renown and the deserts be great."

On receiving her diploma Mrs. Lozier returned to New York and entered immediately upon the practice of her profession, meeting with signal success from the first. From 1860 to 1863, Dr. Lozier gave a series of private lectures to ladies on hygiene at her own residence. An outcome of this was the formation of " A Ladies' Medical Library Association." In 1863 this was merged into a Woman's Medical College Association. Great activity, energy and enthusiasm among its promoters immediately followed, and very speedily a board of trustees was chosen, a charter obtained, an organization consummated, and the institution, matured, full grown, fully equipped, moved upon the stage of earthly endeavor, prepared not only to struggle but to battle for the rights of womankind. From the first Mrs. Lozier gave a large part of her time, and of her own means toward securing the efficient conduct of the special educational work which had been confided to it. She was rewarded in her life time by the relatively large number of well qualified women physicians who have graduated from it and the still larger number of refined, educated, intelligent and opulent ladies, who have attended its lecture courses, in order the better to qualify them for the responsibilities of maternity, the care and protection of the rising generation, and of helping the poor. In 1867, Dr. Lozier visited Europe, mainly with the intent of walking its celebrated hospitals and gaining information as to their management that might be utilized at home. Her reception by eminent medical men abroad was of the most flattering and gratifying character. In the meantime she had commenced practice as a homœopathic physician, and during the constantly increasing activities and devotion to her profession she often derived an income of from $20,000 to $25,000 a year. She was especially noted for her skill in the surgery demanded by some diseases of her sex and in the removal of tumors, she also performed many capital operations. Mrs.

Lozier practiced for eleven years in Thirty-sixth street, and for eleven years afterwards had her office in Thirty-fourth street, near Eighth avenue. Mrs. Lozier was the mother of seven sons, of whom Dr. Abraham W. Lozier, of New York City, is the sole survivor.

On the evening of Tuesday, the 24th of April, 1888, as dean of the institution, she delivered an address at the commencement exercises of the Woman's Medical College and on the following evening she attended a meeting of the alumni. On Thursday, the 26th, after attending to the many exacting and arduous duties of the day, she complained of being tired and went to bed early. She called her maid who repaired to her bedside, but before help came she had died. Her disease was fatty degeneration of the heart. Two years previously she was near death's door from a severe, excruciating attack of angina pectoris. "She had a mind,

Deep and immortal, and it would not feed
On pageantry. She thirsted for a spring
Of a serener element, and drank philosophy."

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF

WILLIAM TOD HELMUTH, M. D., LL. D.

WILLIAM TOD HELMUTH, M. D., LL. D., of New York City, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., October 30th, 1833. He is the son of John H. Helmuth of the same city. He received his education at St. Timothy's College, Baltimore, Md., where he went through to the senior year. In 1850 he commenced the study of medicine under the preceptorship of his uncle, Dr. William S. Helmuth, then Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine in the Homœopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. At this time Caleb Bently Matthews was Professor of Materia Medica, Francis Sims Professor of Surgery, Dr. Freedly, Professor of Botany, and Dr. Walter Williamson Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women. Dr. Helmuth was graduated in 1853 (writing on that occasion a thesis on the "Apocynum Cannabis "), and immediately commenced the practice of his profession in Philadelphia. It was during his early life that he conceived that taste for surgery which has remained with him from that time to the present. In 185455, he officiatad as dispensary physician of the Homœopathic Medical College of Penn.; a report of his services as such is to be found in the Philadelphia Journal of Homeopathy for the latter year, edited by Drs. Gardner and Small. During this period he was also prosector of surgery to Dr. James Beakley. In 1855, being then 22 years of age, he was elected Professor of Anatomy in the Homœopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and, in the same year, he published a work entitled Surgery and its Adaptation to Homœopathic Practice, consisting of 650 pages. During this time he was also a contributor to many literary periodicals.

In 1858, he removed to St. Louis, and, shortly after, became one of those who originated the Homœopathic Medical College of Missouri, in which institution he was offered and accepted the chair of anatomy. He was subsequently elected one of the surgeons of the Good Samaritan Hospital, a position which he held till he removed to New York City. In 1862 he published a monograph on "Diphtheria," which soon passed to a second edition. In 1866 he delivered the annual address before the American Institute of Homœopathy, and in 1867

was elected its president, that body then holding its session in New York City. In 1868, with a view to perfecting himself in surgical science, he made a tour on the continent of Europe. In 1869 he organized the St. Louis College of Homœopathic Physicians and Surgeons, being its Dean and Professor of Surgery until he left the West. In 1870 he received an urgent call from his professional friends to take the chair of surgery in the New York Homœopathic Medical College, being also appointed surgeon to the Hahnemann Hospital and to the New York Surgical Hospital. As soon as his friends in St. Louis were apprised of his intention to accept these appointments they gave a magnificent banquet in his honor, presenting him on that occasion with a complete service of silver.

Dr. Helmuth is a member of the American Institute of Homœopathy of the New York State Hom. Med. Society; the Hom. Med. Society of the County of New York, of which he has been president; a fellow of the Medico-Chirurgical Society, of which he has been vicepresident; and is an honorary member of the societies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. In a late visit to Paris he was elected a member of the "Societé Medicale Homœopathique de France." In 1886 the Hahnemann Medical College of San Francisco conferred upon Dr. Helmuth its honorary degree. The Regents of the University of the State of New York in 1887 gave him the Doctor Medicina, and and in 1888 Yale University honored him with its LL. D.

In 1886, Dr. Helmuth finding his surgical practice largely increasing opened a private hospital, to which he gave the name "Helmuth House." At the present, 1888, the institution is in a flourishing condition, and its yearly reports show the success of the treatment there carried on. His son, Dr. W. T. Helmuth, Jr., is surgeon in charge, assisted by Dr. Gwynn, with a corps of five nurses.

Amidst his professional duties Prof. Helmuth has managed to contribute many and valuable additions to homœopathic and other literature, both in prose and verse, a list of many of which are appended to this article. In 1864, he started, in connection with H. C. G. Luyties, Esq., the pharmaceutist, The Western Homœopathic Observer, which he conducted during seven years, till he left St. Louis. In 1870 he removed to New York, entered upon the professional duties of the college and became co-editor of the New England Medical Gazette. In 1873, he joined Dr. T. F. Allen in the editorship of the New York Journal of Homœopathy, the organ of the New York Homœopathic Medical College, conducted under the supervision of its faculty. During the greater part of this time he was busily engaged in the

publication of his greatest work, containing about one thousand pages, and illustrated with over four hundred wood cuts, entitled A System of Surgery, which is now in its fifth edition. His articles have been for the most part surgical.

It is believed that the first amputation recorded in the American homœopathic periodicals was reported by him. He has lectured every season since 1857, save during a year or two of the war, and has worked harder than any other man in the cause of surgery in connection with homœopathy.

He had no capital to start with in life, but commenced unaided, after graduation, without a dollar. He has experienced the full meaning of hard work and hard knocks, having worked his way up from the bottom to the top of the ladder by the sheer force of indomitable energy, dash, brilliant talents, and extraordinary skill in his chosen branch of science.

In 1859 he was married to Miss Pritchard, of St. Louis, by whom he has two children, his son, Dr. W. T. Helmuth, Jr., who now has charge of Helmuth House; his daughter is Mrs. F. J. Edgerton, wife of Lieut. Edgerton of West Point.

Whatever may be the position to which Dr. Helmuth may attain, he can always carry with him the satisfaction of feeling that he is indebted for it to none but himself. Without interest or influential friends to back him, having no favoritism extended to him, he boldly grasped the difficulties of his position, determined to succeed, and has done so by an uncommon display of "pluck" in combination with rare ability. Dr. Helmuth is now in his 56 year, and has probably done more for surgery and its literature in the homoeopathic school than any other man in the country.

An estimate of the literary work done by Professor Helmuth may be gleaned from the following items, which show a portion of the labor which has been carried on in the midst of a very busy life.

1. An edition of Helmuth's Surgery, 8 vo. pp. 651. Phil. 1855.

2. A Treatise on Diphtheria, 8 vo. pp. 125, St. Louis, 1862. Two editions. 3. System of Surgery, edition of 1873, pp. 1228.

6. Supra-pubic Lithotomy, 4to. pp. 93, colored lithographic plates, 1882. 7. Eight Remarkable Cases in Surgery, illustrated 12 lithographs, 1865. 8. Ten Cases in Surgery, 8 wood cuts, 1870.

9. An Essay on Cleft Palate, 10 lithographic plates, 1868.

10. Epi-cystotomy, pp. 13, 1879.

11. Nerve Stretching, with a short history of the operation, pp. 23, 1879. 12. A Monograph on Ovariotomy, pp. 67, 1886.

13. A Dozen Cases of Clinical Surgery, six lithographs, pp. 36, 1876.