Horizon of 20 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light 10 Points on each side of the Ship, namely, from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the Beam on either side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Five Miles. (b.) On the Starboard Side, a Green Light so constructed as to throw an uniform and unbroken Light over an Arc of the Horizon of 10 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the Beam on the Starboard Side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Two Miles. (c.) On the Port Side, a Red Light so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken Light over an Arc of the Horizon of 10 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the Beam on the Port Side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Two Miles. (d.) The said Green and Red Side Lights shall be fitted with inboard Screens, projecting at least Three Feet forward from the Light, so as to prevent these Lights from being seen across the Bow. Art. 4. Steam Ships, when towing other Ships, shall carry Two bright White Mast-head Lights vertically, in addition to their Side Lights, so as to distinguish them from other Steam Ships. Each of these Mast-head Lights shall be of the same construction and character as the Mast-head Lights which other Steam Ships are required to carry. Art. 5. Sailing Ships under way, or being towed, shall carry the same Lights as Steam Ships under way, with the Exception of the White Mast-head Lights, which they shall never carry. Art. 6. Whenever, as in the Case of small Vessels during bad Weather, the Green and Red Lights cannot be fixed, these Lights shall be kept on Deck, on their respective Sides of the Vessel, ready for instant exhibition; and shall, on the Approach of or to other Vessels, be exhibited on their respective Sides in sufficient Time to prevent Collision, in such manner as to make them most visible, and so that the Green Light shall not be seen on the Port Side, nor the Red Light on the Starboard Side. To make the use of these portable Lights more certain and easy, the Lanterns containing them shall each be painted Outside with the Colour of the Light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable Screens. Art. 7. Ships, whether Steam Ships or Sailing Ships, when at Anchor in Roadsteads or Fairways, shall exhibit, where it can best be seen, but at a Height not exceeding Twenty Feet above the Hull, a White Light in a globular Lantern of Eight Inches in Diameter, and so constructed as to show a clear uniform and unbroken Light visible all round the Horizon, and at a distance of at least One Mile. Art. 8. Sailing Pilot Vessels shall not carry the Lights required for other Sailing Vessels, but shall carry a White Light at the Mast-head, visible all round the Horizon-and shall also exhibit a Flare-up Light every Fifteen Minutes. Art. 9. Open Fishing Boats and other open Boats shall not be required to carry the Side Lights required for other Vessels; but shall, if they do not carry such Lights, carry a Lantern having a Green Slide on the one Side, and a Red Slide on the other Side; and on the Approach of or to other Vessels, such Lantern shall be exhibited in sufficient Time to prevent Collision, so that the Green Light shall not be seen on the Port Side, nor the Red Light on the Starboard Side. Fishing Vessels and open Boats when at Anchor, or attached to their Nets and stationary, shall exhibit a bright White Light. Fishing Vessels and open Boats shall, however, not be prevented from using a Flare-up in addition, if considered expedient. Rules concerning Fog Signals. Art. 10. Whenever there is a Fog, whether by Day or Night, the Fog Signals described below shall be carried and used, and shall be sounded at least every Five Minutes; viz. :— (a.) Steam Ships under way shall use a Steam Whistle placed before the funnel, not less than eight feet from the deck: (b.) Sailing Ships under way shall use a Fog Horn: (c.) Steam Ships and Sailing Ships when not under way shall use a Bell. Steering and Sailing Rules. Art. 11. If Two Sailing Ships are meeting End on, or nearly End on, so as to involve Risk of Collision, the Helms of both shall be put to Port, so that each may pass on the Port Side of the other. Art. 12. When Two Sailing Ships are crossing so as to involve Risk of Collision, then, if they have the Wind on different Sides, the Ship with the Wind on the Port Side shall keep out of the way of the Ship with the Wind on the Starboard Side; except in the Case in which the Ship with the Wind on the Port Side is close hauled, and the other Ship free, in which Case the latter Ship shall keep out of the way; but if they have the Wind on the same Side, or if One of them has the Wind aft, the Ship which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the Ship which is to leeward. Art. 13. If Two Ships under Steam are meeting End on, or nearly End on, so as to involve Risk of Collision, the Helms of both shall be put to Port, so that each may pass on the Port Side of the other. Art. 14. If Two Ships under Steam are crossing so as to involve Risk of Collision, the Ship which has the other on her own Starboard Side shall keep out of the way of the other. Art. 15. If Two Ships, one of which is a Sailing Ship and the other a Steam Ship, are proceeding in such Directions as to involve Risk of Collision, the Steam Ship shall keep out of the Way of the Sailing Ship. Art. 16. Every Steam Ship, when approaching another Ship, so as to involve Risk of Collision, shall slacken her Speed, or, if necessary, stop and reverse; and every Steam Ship shall, when in a Fog, go at a moderate speed. Art. 17. Every Vessel overtaking any other Vessel, shall keep out of the Way of the last-mentioned Vessel. Art. 18. Where by the above Rules One of Two Ships is to keep out of the Way, the other shall keep her Course, subject to the qualifications contained in the following Article. Art. 19. In obeying and construing these Rules, due regard must be had to all Dangers of Navigation; and due regard must also be had to any special circumstances which may exist in any particular Case rendering a Departure from the above Rules necessary in order to avoid immediate Danger. Art. 20. Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any Ship, or the Owner, or Master, or Crew thereof, from the Consequences of any Neglect to carry Lights or Signals, or of any Neglect to keep a proper Look-out, or of the Neglect of any Precaution which may be required by the ordinary Practice of Seamen, or by the special Circumstances of the Case. DRIFT-NET FISHING. LIGHTS TO BE CARRIED BY ENGLISH AND FRENCH BOATS. In accordance with Sea Fisheries' Act, 1868. No Boat shall anchor between sunset and sunrise on grounds where Drift-Net Fishing is actually going on. This prohibition shall not apply to anchorings which may take place in consequence of accidents, or any other compulsory circumstances; but in such cases the Master of the Boat thus obliged to anchor shall hoist, so that they shall be seen from a distance, Two Lights placed horizontally about 3 feet apart, and shall keep those lights up all the time the Boat shall remain at anchor. Boats Fishing with Drift-Nets shall carry on one of their masts Two Lights, one over the other, 3 feet apart. These Lights shall be kept up during all the time their Nets shall be in the sea between sunset and sunrise. Subject to the exceptions or additions mentioned in the two preceding articles, the Fishing Boats of the Two Countries. shall conform to the General Rules respecting Lights which have been adopted by the Two Countries. THE RULE OF THE ROAD AT SEA. AIDS TO MEMORY, IN FOUR VERSES, BY THOMAS GRAY. 1. Two Steam Ships meeting: When both Side Lights you see ahead- 2. Two Steam Ships passing: Green to Green-or Red to Red- 3. Two Steam Ships crossing: Note. This is the position of greatest danger; there is nothing for it but good look-out, caution, and judgment. If to your Starboard Red appear, It is your duty to keep clear; To act as judgment says is proper : To Port-or Starboard-Back-or Stop her! But when upon your Port is seen A Steamer's Starboard Light of Green, For Green to Port keeps clear of you. 4. All Ships must keep a good look-out, and Steam Ships must stop and go astern, if necessary: Both in safety and in doubt INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF MASTERS AND SEAMEN, WHEN USING THE MORTAR AND ROCKET APPARATUS FOR SAVING LIFE. In the event of your vessel stranding on the coasts of the United Kingdom, and the lives of the crew being placed in |