A.-TABLE SHEWING THE PERCENTAGE OF ALCOHOL IN SPIRITS. O.P. Per cent. O.P. Per cent. O.P. Per cent. O.P. Per cent. Alcohol. The rate of contraction given in table B applies only to absolute alcohol and water, so that the rate of contraction in the case of Spirits bears the same ratio to that given in the table as the strength of the Spirits operated on does to the strength of alcohol. In Spirits the bulk being greater (in proportion to the strength) the rate of contraction must consequently be less. The following rules may be found useful: 1.-To find the quantity of alcohol in any quantity of Spirits. RULE.-Multiply the proof quantity by 100, and divide by 175 (100+ 75 strength of absolute alcohol). Example: What quantity of alcohol is there in 52 gallons Spirits at 31 O.P. ? Proof quantity 68.1 × 100 6810175381 gallons. Answer :-38 gallons of alcohol in 52 gallons Spirits at 31 O.P. = The quantity of alcohol may also be found by multiplying the proof Spirit by 4 and dividing by 7. Set 175 on line B to 131 (strength of the Spirit) on line A and opposite 52 (the ullage) on line B will be found 38.9 (quantity of alcohol) on line A. Set 4 on line B to 7 on line A, and under 68.1 (proof quantity) on line A will be found 38.9 (quantity of alcohol) on line B. 2.-To find the percentage of alcohol in Spirits. RULE.-Multiply the strength of the Spirits by 4, and divide by 7. Example:- What is the percentage of alcohol in Spirits 31 O.P.? 10031131 4 7)524 74.85 per cent. ON HEAD ROD. Set 4 on line B to 7 on line A, and under 131 on line A I will be found 74.85 on line B. 3. To find the percentage of alcohol to added water in a reducing operation. RULE.-Multiply the quantity of alcohol by 100, and divide by the total quantity of alcohol and water. A merchant reduces 52 gallons Spirits at 31 O.P., with 214 gallons of water; what is the percentage of alcohol to water added ? Set 601 on line B to 100 on line A, and opposite 38.9 on line B will be found 64.7 on line A. 64.7 100 60.1 A B 4. The contraction of bulk that takes place when Spirits are reduced with water may be ascertained as follows: First find the quantity of alcohol in the Spirits (see Rule 1) and the percentage of alcohol to the quantity of water (see Rule 3); then in table B will be found the rate per cent. of contraction, multiply the rate by the total of alcohol and added water and divide by 100, and the result multiplied by the percentage rate according to the strength of the Spirits (Table A and Rule 2) will give the number of gallons the bulk has contracted. Example : A merchant reduces 52 gallons of Spirits at 31 O.P., with 21 gallons water. How many gallons has the bulk contracted? The percentage of alcohol 64.7 (see Rule 3) gives a rate of 3.1 per cent. (see Table B). Alcohol and water = 60·1 gallons. 3.1 rate per cent. 1.8 x 74-8 (percentage of alcohol in Spirits 31 O.P. (see Table A and Rule 2) 100 13 gallon contraction of bulk, or extra water necessary to reduce 52 gallons Spirits at 31 O.P. to 7 U.P. The actual quantity of water, therefore, that would be required to reduce 52 gallons Spirits at 31 O.P. to 7 U.P., would be 22.5 gallons and not 214. In practice when the Spirits are reduced in the cask, and not started into the vat, the quantity of water calculated by Rule 1 is first added, and, after being thoroughly mixed with the Spirits, the cask is re-dipped and strength tried. The exact ullage and strength being ascertained, the extra water necessary to reduce the Spirits to the required strength is found by calculating again in the same manner by Rule 1, or by the method generally adopted-i.e., by deducting the re-dip quantity from the estimated total of Spirits and water. The cask on being re-dipped, and sample tested, shewed the ullage as 71.9, and the strength 5.2 U.P. = 68·1 proof; then by Rule 1 : 1.8 x 71.9 = 1.3 gallons extra water required. 93 When the Spirits are started into the vat and reduced they should be thoroughly mixed and allowed to remain in the vat for a day or two, so as to ensure the correct strength being taken. The mode of finding the contraction of bulk when Spirits are reduced in the vat is based solely on the strength of the testing sample. The number of proof gallons is divided by the reduced strength, as shewn by the testing sample, and the quotient gives the ullage quantity. 1.3 contraction of bulk, or extra water required. No. 57 Measured 30.7 CHARLES STUART, E.O., 21/7/77. Bung. Vac. in. Con. Ull. Tem. Ind. U.P. Proof. •5 95 Old cask delivered empty. * Estimated quantity of water by Rule 1 = 22} gallons. 1 " 80.5 |