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or who is intemperate in his habits, shall be eligible to hold the office of either supervising or local inspector, or to discharge the duties thereof; and if any such person shall attempt to exercise the functions of the office of either inspector, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of five hundred dollars, and shall be dismissed from office.

SEC. 4417. The local inspectors shall, once in every year, at least, upon application in writing of the master or owner, carefully inspect the hull of each steam vessel within their respective districts, and shall satisfy themselves that every such vessel so submitted to their inspection is of a structure suitable for the service in which she is to be employed, has suitable accommodations for passengers and the crew, and is in a condition to warrant the belief that she may be used in navigation as a steamer, with safety to life, and that all the requirements of law in regard to fires, boats, pumps, hose, life-preservers, floats, anchors, cables, and other things, are faithfully complied with; and if they deem it expedient, they may direct the vessel to be put in motion, and may adopt any other suitable means to test her sufficiency and that of her equipment.

SEC. 4418. The local inspectors shall also inspect the boilers of all steam vessels before the same shall be used, and once at least in every year thereafter. They shall subject all boilers to the hydrostatic pressure, and shall satisfy themselves by thorough examination that the boilers are well made, of good and suitable material; that the openings for the passage of water and steam, respectively, and all pipes and tubes exposed to heat are of proper dimensions and free from obstruction; that the spaces between and around the flues are sufficient; that the flues are circular in form; that the fire line of the furnace is at least two inches below the prescribed minimum water line of the boilers; that the arrangements for delivering the feed water is such that the boilers can not be injured thereby; and that such boilers and machinery, and the appurtenances, may be safely employed in the service proposed in the written application, without peril to life. They shall also satisfy themselves that the safety valves are of suitable dimensions, sufficient in number, and well arranged; and that the weights of the safety valves are properly adjusted, so as to allow no greater pressure in the boilers than the amount prescribed by the inspection certificate; that there is a sufficient number of gauge cocks properly inserted,* [and, to indicate the pressure of steam, suitable steam registers that will correctly record each excess of steam carried above the prescribed limit and the highest point attained]; and suitable steam gauges to indicate the pressure of steam; and that there are reliable low-water gauges; and that the fusible metals are properly

*Amended and words in brackets stricken out by act approved June 19, 1886. (See p.67)

inserted so as to fuse by the heat of the furnace whenever the water in the boilers falls below its prescribed limits; and that adequate and certain provision is made for an ample supply of water to feed the boilers at all times, whether such vessel is in motion or not, so that in high-pressure boilers the water shall not be less than four inches above the top of the flues; and that means for blowing out are provided, so as to thoroughly remove the mud and sediment from all parts of the boilers, when they are under pressure of steam. [In subjecting to the hydrostatic tests boilers usually designated and known as high-pressure boilers, the inspectors shall assume one hundred and ten pounds * to the square inch as the maximum pressure allowable as a working power for a new boiler of forty-two inches in diameter, made in the best manner, of inspected iron plates, one-fourth of an inch thick, and of a quality required by law, and shall rate the working power of all high-pressure boilers, whether old or new, according to their strength, compared with this standard; and in all cases the test applied shall exceed the working power allowed, in the ratio of one hundred and sixty-five to one hundred and ten. In subjecting to the hydrostatic tests boilers usually designated and known as low-pressure boilers, the inspectors shall allow as a working power for each new boiler a pressure of only threefourths the number of pounds to the square inch to which it has been subjected by the hydrostatic test, and for which it has been found to be sufficient. Should the inspectors be of the opinion that any boiler, by reason of its construction or material, will not safely allow so high a working pressure as is above described, they may, for reasons to be stated specially in their certificate, fix the working pressure of such boiler at less than three-fourths of the test pressure.]† All boilers used on steam vessels and constructed of iron or steel plates, inspected under the provisions of section forty-four hundred and thirty, shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test, in the ratio of one hundred and fifty pounds to the square inch to one hundred pounds to the square inch of the working steam power allowed. No boiler or pipe, nor any of the connections therewith, shall be approved, which is made, in whole or in part, of bad material, or is unsafe in its form, or dangerous from defective workmanship, age, use, or other cause.

SEC. 4419. One of the safety valves may, if in the opinion of the local inspectors it is necessary to do so [and the steam registers shall], be taken wholly from the control of all persons engaged in navigating such vessel and secured by the inspectors.

*See act January 6, 1874, page 65.

+ Part in brackets virtually expired by limitation February 28, 1872.

Part in brackets repealed by act of June 19, 1886. (See p.68)

SEC. 4420. (Expired by limitation December 17, 1873.) * SEC. 4421. When the inspection of a steam vessel is completed and the inspectors approve the vessel and her equipment throughout, they shall make and subscribe a certificate to the collector or other chief officer of the customs of the district in which such inspection has been made, in accordance with the form and regulations prescribed by the board of supervising inspectors. Such certificate shall be verified by the oaths of the inspectors signing it [,] before the chief officer of the customs of the district, or any other person competent by law to administer oaths. If the inspectors refuse to grant a certificate of approval, they shall make a statement in writing, and sign the same, giving the reasons for their disapproval.

SEC. 4422. Upon the application of any master or owner of any steam vessel employed in the carriage of passengers, for a license to carry gunpowder, the local inspectors shall examine such vessel, and if they find that she is provided with a chest or safe composed of metal, or entirely lined and sheathed therewith, or if the vessel has one or more compartments thoroughly lined and sheathed with metal, at a secure distance from any fire, they may grant a certificate to that effect, authorizing such vessel to carry as freight within such chests, safes, or compartments, the article of gunpowder.

SEC. 4423. Every collector or other chief officer of the customs shall retain on file all original certificates of the inspectors required to be delivered to him, and shall give to the master or owner of the vessel therein named three certified copies thereof; two of which shall be placed by such master or owner in conspicuous places in the vessel where they will be most likely to be observed by passengers and others, and there kept at all times, framed under glass; and the other shall be retained by such master or owner as evidence of the authority thereby conferred. SEC. 4424. Whenever any passenger is received on board any steam vessel not having the certified copies of the certificate of approval placed and kept as required by this Title, or whenever any passenger steam vessel receives or carries any gunpowder on board, not having a certificate authorizing the same, and a certified copy thereof placed and kept as required, or shall carry any gunpowder at a place or in a manner not authorized by such certificate, such steam vessel shall be liable to a penalty of one hundred dollars for each offense.t

SEC. 4425. Every inspector who willfully certifies falsely touching any steam vessel, as to her hull, accommodations, boilers, engines, machinery, or their appurtenances, or any of her equipments, or any matter or thing contained in any certificate signed and sworn to by him shall be punished by fine of not more than

*Reenacted without limitation in act approved January 6, 1874. (See p. 65)

+ See sections 4474-4476.

five hundred dollars, or imprisonment for not more than six months, or both.*

SEC. 4426. The hull and boilers of every ferryboat, canal boat, yacht, or other small craft of like character, propelled by steam, shall be inspected under the provisions of this Title. Such other provisions of law for the better security of life as may be applicable to such vessels, shall, by the regulations of the board of supervising inspectors, also be required to be complied with before a certificate of inspection shall be granted; and no such vessel shall be navigated without a licensed engineer and a licensed pilot: "Provided, however, That in open steam launches of ten tons burden and under, one person, if duly qualified, may serve in the double capacity of pilot and engineer."+

SEC. 4427. The hull and boiler of every tugboat, towing boat, and freight boat shall be inspected under the provisions of this Title; and the inspectors shall see that the boilers, machinery, and appurtenances of such vessels are not dangerous in form or workmanship, and that the safety valves, gauge cocks, lowwater alarm indicators, steam gauges, and fusible plugs are all attached in conformity to law; and the officers navigating such vessels shall be licensed in conformity with the provisions of this Title, and shall be subject to the same provisions of law as officers navigating passenger steamers.‡

SEC. 4428. Every boiler manufactured to be used on steam ves sels, and made of iron or steel plates, shall be constructed of plates that have been stamped in accordance with the provisions of this Title.

* See sections 5481, 5482, p. 65

+Act approved December 22, 1890.

AN ACT relating to the licensing of vessels engaged in towing, to carry persons in addition to their crews.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House. of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That any steam vessel engaged in the business of towing vessels, rafts, or water crafts of any kind, and not carrying passengers, may be authorized and licensed by the supervising inspector of the district in which said steamer shall be employed, to carry on board such number of persons, in addition to its crew, as the supervising inspector in his judgment shall deem necessary to carry on the legitimate business of such towing steamers, not exceeding, however, one person to every net ton of measurement of said steamer: Provided, however, That the person so allowed to be carried shall not be carried for hire.

SEC. 2. That every steam vessel licensed under the foregoing section shall carry and have on board, in accessible places, one life-preserver for every person allowed to be carried in addition to those provided for the crew of such vessel.

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SEC. 4429. Every person who constructs a boiler, or steam pipe connecting the boilers, to be used on steam vessels, of iron or steel plates which have not been duly stamped and inspected according to the provisions of this Title, or who knowingly uses any defective, bad, or faulty iron or steel in the construction of such boilers; or who drifts any rivet hole to make it come fair, or who delivers any such boiler for use, knowing it to be imperfect in its flues, flanging, riveting, bracing, or in any other of its parts, shall be fined one thousand dollars, one-half for the use of the informer. Nothing in this Title shall be so construed as to prevent from being used, on any steamer, any boiler or steam generator which may not be constructed of riveted iron or steel plates, when the board of supervising inspectors have satisfactory evidence that such boiler or steam generator is equal in strength and as safe from explosion as a boiler of the best quality constructed of riveted iron or steel plates. ["Provided, however, That the Secretary of the Treasury may grant permission to use any boiler or steam generator not constructed of riveted iron or steel plates upon the certificate of the supervising inspector of steamboats for the district wherein such boiler or generator is to be used, and other satisfactory proof that the use of the same is safe and efficient; said permit to be valid until the next regular meeting of the supervising inspectors who shall act thereon."]*

+ SEC. 4430. Every iron or steel plate used in the construction of steamboat boilers, and which shall be subject to a tensile strain, shall be inspected in such manner as shall be prescribed by the board of supervising inspectors and approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, so as to enable the inspectors to ascertain its tensile strength, homogeneousness, toughness, and ability to withstand the effect of repeated heating and cooling; and no iron or steel plate shall be used in the construction of such boilers which has not been inspected and approved under those rules. And the Supervising Inspector-General may, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, detail assistant inspectors from any local inspection district where assistant inspectors are employed, to inspect iron or steel boiler plates at the mills where the same are manufactured; and if the plates are found in accordance with the rules of the supervising inspectors, the assistant inspector shall stamp the same with the initials of his name, followed by the letters and words, "U. S. Assistant Inspector;" and material so stamped shall be accepted by the local inspectors in the districts where such material is to be manufactured into marine boilers as being in full compliance with the requirements of this section regarding the inspection of boiler plates; it being further provided that any person

* Amendment approved August 7, 1882.

+ As amended by act approved January 22, 1894.

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