those that furvive. The introduction of the cow-pox, therefore, which is found to be an infallible antidote or prefervative against this cruel difeafe, became a matter of general intereft and concern in those countries. The first attempt was, to obtain the matter for inoculation from Conftantinople, where Lord Elgin had fuccefsfully introduced the difeafe, early in the year 1801. But as in fo long a paffage it was likely to become effete and afelefs, the matter was fent from Conftantinople, to Dr. James Short, at Bagdad, who, early in the year 1802, after some abortive trials, fortunately fucceeded in producing the true vaccine difeafe at that place. Fresh matter was forwarded from thence to Mr. Milne, furgeon, at Buffora, who, after eftablifhing the disease there, fent various parcels of the infecting matter to Bombay. Of more than thirty fpecimens fent, one only fucceeded. Ann Dufthall, the child of a female fervant of Captain Hardie, was inoculated with the reft, by Dr. Scott of Bombay, June 14, 1802, and took the difeafe; from her, five other children were inoculated, with equal fuecefs. Care was now taken to keep up a fucceffion of patients, and to extend the difeafe gradually all over India. "The medical board," Dr. Keir fays," impreffed with a juft fenfe of the important confequence of the acquifition they had made, and anxious to diffufe it throughout India, directed virus to be forwarded to Bengal, Fort St. George, Ceylon," &c. in all which, they were powerfully aided by the government of Bombay. Accounts of the dileafe were published in the Perfian, Sanferit, and other languages, and diftributed among the natives; and the country physicians were inftructed in the mode of inoculating. In one district in Ceylon, above two thoufand perfons were inoculated in the month of October. The difeafe has been found equally mild, and equally efficacious in preventing the small-pox, in India as in Europe. I have not found," one of the correfpond. ents fays, that any caufe or complaint fhould operate as an objection to communicating this difeafe, where we are in danger from fmall-pox. We have inoculated young and old, robuft and delicate, healthy and fickly fubjects, and numbers covered with herpetic and pforic affections of the fkin; and have not found, that any of thefe circumftances have altered the appearance or progrefs of the difeafe.” From the number of perfons that had been inoculated at the time this account was printed, only a little more than twelve months from the reception of the complaint there, and the eagerness with which the natives flocked to be admitted to the benefit of the operation, vaccine inoculation feems likely to be more generally adopted in India than in this country, where it originated.

ART. 21. A Treatife on the Cow-Pox; containing the Hiftory of Vaccine Inoculation, and an Account of the various Publications which have appeared on that Subject, in Great Britain and other Parts of the World. By John Ring, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons in London, Part ll. 8vo. 135. Johnfon. 1803.

II.

In our Review for December, 1801, we gave an account of the first volume of this laborious and ufeful publication, in which we have a complete hiftory of the difcovery, introduction, and progrefs of vaccine inoculation, not only in this country, but in all parts of the

globe;

globe; with analyfes and critical observations on all the works that have appeared on the fubject. In the prefent volume, the editor appears to have neither abated in zeal or induftry: he purfues his courfe with the fame ardour; and, regardlefs of the rank of the parties, lathes indifcriminately all who oppofe the diffemination of the practice of vaccine inoculution, and fometimes with no fmall degree of feverity. It is remarkable, that the practice of vaccination is lefs general, is purfued with lefs zeal, and even meets with more oppofition in this coun,try, where the efficacy of it was firft difcovered, than in almost any other part of the world." I have lately received," the editor fays, Preface, p. 5. " a pamphlet, publifhed by Dr. Anderfon, at Madras; from which it appears, that vaccination is welcomed there with the warmest enthusiasm; and that the Governors, and medical officers of the British eftablishments in India, vie with each other in their zealous exertions to promote the practice. This is very different," he adds, "from the reception it met with in our frigid climate! where it first occafioned a very long and general cold fu, then a very bort and partial hot fit, which terminated in a critical fweat of a few guineas." This, though not wit, fhows the editor's not unjuft indignation at our fupinenefs on a subject of fuch infinite importance to the health and lives of the people. In this volume, the editor has given two plates, neatly and accurately engraved and coloured, reprefenting the progrefs of the vaccine veficle; alfo a copious Index, referring to all the perions and circumftances mentioned in the work.

ART. 22. A Defcription of the Muscles of the Human Body, as they appear on Diffection; with the Synonyma of Cowper, Winflow, Douglas, Albinus, and Innes; and the new Nomenclature of Dumas, Profellor of Anatomy at Montpellier. With Prints and Maps, Showing the Infertions of Mufcles. By Jofeph Conftantine Carpur, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Surgeon to his Majefty's Forces, and Teacher of Anatomy. 4to. 12s. Longman and Rees. 1801.

This work, the fcope of which is fully explained in the title-page, will afford confiderable affiftance to the ftudent in anatomy. The maps merely fhow the infertions of the mufcles; the fhape, fize, connexion, and particular appearances of which muit (he obferves) be studied in the diffecting-room.

ART. 23. Hiftorical Surgery, or the Progress of the Science of Medicine, on Inflammation, Mortification, and Gun-fhot Wounds. By John Hunt. 4to. 407 pp. Loughborough printed; Rivingtons, London.

The title of this work is comprehenfive and inviting; but we fear that they who expect from this author a hiftory of furgery, or a methodical account of the progress of that branch of medicine, will be grievously difappointed. Yet there is no lack of words; on the contrary, we are prefented with 407 pages in quarto, confifting almost entirely of extracts from Witeman, Sharp, Bromfield, Pott, and J. Hunter, interfperfed with a few obfervations by the compiler. Then follow, with out the leaft attention to order or connection, a ftring of remarks on the treatment of what is termed the phlogiftic diathesis by bleeding,

Divinity. antimonials, &c. on the ufe of the bark in intermittents, putrid fevers, &c. on the employment of opium in vifceral inflammation, and fome other diforders; on the effects of digitalis in pulmonary confumption; on certain ftates of the lues venerea and rheumatism, &c. &c. &c. In fhort, under the title of "Hittorical Surgery," the author has publifhed bis common-place book.

ART. 24. An Effay on the proximate Caufe of Animal Impregnation; being the Subftance of a Paper read and difcuffed in the Medical Society at Guy's Hospital, in October, 1799. By John Pulley, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons. 4to. 31 pp. 25. Cox. 180i.

The author's defign in the prefen Effay is, to prove the infufficiency of the doctrines delivered by Dr. Darwin, Dr. Haighton, and fuch other phyfiologists as affign exclufively to one fex the power of reproduction. He contends, that the embryo is not derived from the

feminal animalcule" of Lewenhoeck, nor from the "living filament" emitted from the male, as the author of Zoonomia fancifully defcribes; nor, on the other hand, from the formative power of the female, without the immediate contact of the femen mafculinum. as fome living phyfiologifts maintain; and concludes, that impregnation can only be effected by the feminal fluid of the male coming into actual contact with the contained matter of the ovum or vehicle of the female, through the medium of the fimbriated extremity of the Fallopian tube.

In the courfe of his enquiries, Mr. Pulley obferves that Buffon's the ory of " organic molecules" feems to have been taken from Highmore, whofe Hiftory of Generation was published in 1651.

DIVINITY.

ART. 25. A Sermon, preached in the Cathedral of Peterborough, on Wednesday, October 19, 1803; the Day appointed for a General Faft. By the Rev. Spencer Madan, A. M. Prebendary of that Catbearal. Svo. 23 PP. 15. Jacob, Peterborough. 1803.

This preacher, whose abilities are extenfively known and admired, ftates, that the text (Habakkuk iii. 2) has given occafion to fome difference of interpretation, and of comments. But the general sense of it being plain, he does not detain his readers by any critical obfervations; which however, in a cathedral, might, we conceive, have been ventured, without impropriety. But the main purport of the dif course, the enforcement of our duties, is executed with fagacity and vigour. From two great points, our proper fenfe of fear, when we hear" the Speech of God;" and our hope of "mercy in the midst of wrath;" are drawn the fitteft inferences for a due obfervance of the folemnity of the day. The difcourfe fhows the preacher to be well acquainted with the prefent, as well as the paft manners of our nation; of which acquaintance, the following paffage exhibits a striking fpecimen: "At the prefent æra, it is in our chriftian character, it is chiefly in practical religion, that we fail. The fpeculative doc

trines of a falfe philofophy are unhappily a prominent feature of the age; but ftill the obligations of religion are better known than noticed. For the most part, we feel our duty, though we fail to practice it-though we difregard, we do not difbelieve-though we are defaulters, we are not apoftates! Thousands (I am well perfuaded) would defend with their lives the Temple of Religion, who daily by the tenor of those lives undermine its intereft, and betray its caufe! It might be fuperfluous, to wish the great body of the nation more loyal than they are, more warmly attached to their King and Country; but, to prove their attachment as they ought, they must be more obedient to their God. Would they but serve that God with half the zeal with which they oppofe the ar ifice of fedition, the dagger of treafon, and the fword of invafion; we might indeed affure ourselves that all would yet be well!" P. 20.

ART. 26. An Admonition to Parents and Children; chiefly intended for the lower Claffes of Society. By James Cowe, M. A. Vicar of Sunbury, Middlefex. 8vo. 25 PP. 15. Rivingtons. 1803.

At the clofe of a Charity Sermon, lately preached at Hampton, this Admonition was addreffed to the poor parents and their children. It states their reciprocal duties in a plain and affecting manner; and will be a very ufeful prefent from benevolent perfons to their indigent neighbours. We recommend it to be among their New Year's Gifts, on the approaching occafion.

ART. 27. The Chriftian Faith: or, the Catechifm of the United Church of England and Ireland, briefly proved and explained from Scripture: addreffed principally to Parents, Mafters of Families, and Inftructors of Youth. By the Rev. Samuel Turner, A. M. Chaplain to the Earl of Scarborough, Rector of Rothwell, Lincolnshire, and Vicar of Attenborough cum Bramcote, in the County of Nottingham. 12mo. 62 pp. Cadell and Davies. 1803.

"The defign of this work is, to point out to the young and ignorant the nature and obligation of that vow which their godfathers and godmothers at their baptifm undertook for them, the doctrines they are required to believe, and the duties they are bound to perform."P.7. And, in the next page, Mr. T. fays, " My fole object [objects] in this manual is [are] brevity and utility. The defign propofed is executed in a commendable manner; brevity and utility are fuccefsfully studied; and though we had, before this, a good provifion of expofitions of the Catechifm, yet we must acknowledge, that a Parish-Minifter is well employed, who adds but a mite to fo useful and neceffary a stock.

ART. 28. Society for bettering the Condition of the Poor. The Cottager's Religious Meditations. 12mo. 84 pp. 6s. Hatchard, &c.

7 1803.

The title of this tract would have been more complete, if after the word"Meditations" had been added, on felect paffages of Holy Scripture. The editor does not claim much originality; but acknowledges his obligations to Dr. Doddridge, Mr. Gisborne, and the au

thor

4

thor of Sermons on the Doctrines and Duties of Chriftianity. Such names will fufficiently recommend this book; and we need only add, that it is a very fuitable prefent to cottagers, and worthy of the excellent Society from which it proceeds.

ART. 29. The Millennium, ar chearful Prospects of the Reign of Truth, Peace, and Righteousness; and ferius Reflections on the Commencement of the New Century. Two Difcourfes, preached, the First on Novem ber 5, 1800, and the Second on January 4, 1801, in the New Chapel, Bridport. With Notes. By Thomas Howe. 8vo. 62 pp. 15. 6d. Longman and Rees.

The text of the first of thefe fermons (the author of which is a Diffenting Minifter) is taken from Rev. xi. 15, one of the chief paffages in Scripture, upon which the opinion of a Millennium is founded, The great earthquake, which is to precede this happy state, the author interprets to mean "great commotions, changes and revolutions in the world." This period of war, he thinks, has already com menced, and he anticipates, with fome confidence, the glorious æra which is to follow it. There will then, he thinks, be a general diffu. fion of knowledge and truth, a general establishment of liberty and peace, and a general prevalence of piety and virtue. Some good prac tical admonitions are deduced from thefe premifes; and we fee not any thing objectionable, except an infinuation, that the Unity of the Deity is not maintained by "all Proteftants (p. 18) and that we retain doctrines of the Romish Church, which muft be fupported by arguments fimilar to thofe by which tranfubftantiation is vindicated by the Catholics." This is like the infinuation of a Socinian, which we are forry to fee approved by "a Society of Proteftant Diffenters." The fecond fermon is on the commencement of the Century (Eccles. i. 4) and has many very just religious reflections and exhorta,

tions.

ART. 30. The Sum and Subftance of the Prophecies relating to the Laft Times; or, Gleanings from the Works of the celebrated Mr. Mede and bis Difciples. 12mo. 24 pp. 6d. Hazard, Bath; Williams, London. 1803.

These extracts are gleaned from Mr. Mede, Dr. Goodwin, Peter Juricu, Mr. Fleming, and an anonymous writer in 1692; and the defign of them is, to eftablish this point, that the year 455 was the epoch of the 1242 Julian years of the Romish triumphs.

POLITICS.

ART. 31. A few curfory Remarks upon the State of Parties, during the Adminiftration of the Right Honourable Henry Addington. By a near Obferver. Sixth Edition. 84 pp. 2s. 6d. Hatchard. 1803. In the examination of political writers it is fcarcely poffible, nor, indeed, always defirable, fo far to feparate their literary from their political merits, as to difcufs the former without adverting to the latter;

or