theft, secret compensation, and concealment of property, 33; homicide, 36; treason, 68. Those three hundred and twentysix most wicked and dangerous publications were condemned, at different periods, by forty universities; one hundred prelates; three provincial synods; seven general assemblies; and forty-eight decrees, briefs, letters apostolic, and papal bulls from Rome.

He who mentions an armed despotism against freedom, intelligence, and prosperity, names Jesuitism, which ever has been the inseparable companion of military force and absolute power.

This is the doctrine of Jesuitism; and its most active and undisguised organ thus advised royalty in France and Spain: Never embark upon the stormy sea of deliberative assemblies; nor surrender your absolute character and authority.”

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The Jesuits proscribe general instruction, because it is too favorable to the progress of intelligence among the people. They maintain that public tuition should be remitted entirely to the Romish clergy for boys and to nuns for girls. They affirm that the liberty of the press is Pandora's box, and the source of all evil.

Popery, and especially Jesuitism, by the instrumentality of the priesthood, takes possession of all that constitutes human life. It lays its iron hand upon all civil relations. This is the inevitable result of the system which ever subsists in the court of Rome.

Pope Pius VII, in a rescript addressed to his nuncio at Venice, asserted his pontifical right to depose sovereigns although it is not always convenient to exercise the jurisdiction."

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The Jesuits are a body of men whose political principles are so dangerous that they have been excluded from almost every country in which they were residents; which act was full of sound policy and wise preservation.

CHARACTER AND PROCEEDINGS OF JESUITISM

As an absolute monarchy, Jesuitism surpasses in despotism every arbitrary tyrant, by the boundless power granted to the general, and from him to the superiors; by that obedience imposed upon the inferiors, which annihilates all their own will; by the doctrine of extravagant authority, which exceeds even the claims of Asiatic sovereignty; by the support of associates taken from its bosom, a tribute raised from all kinds of credulity, fear, and ambition; and by its secret ramifications, which gives it eyes and ears and hands everywhere, all of which are occupied in penetrating and communicating to the chief, the secrets of states, families, and individuals, thus uniting them as in a common center. Hence was formed that Jesuitism which filled the world, which engrossed its concerns during two hundred years, and which again demands its former supremacy.

Ignatius thus addressed the Vatican: "Light makes war upon you. We will carry intelligence to some, darken knowledge in others, and direct it in all." At Madrid, that knight errant of popery proclaimed: "The human mind is awakened. If its energy is not extinguished, all eyes will be opened; and an alliance will be formed incompatible with the ancient subjection. Men will search for rights of which they are now ignorant; the throne will lose its lofty prejudices, and its power will vanish with its enchantments."

Jesuitism knew that the empire of the world is not obtained at the foot of the altar; but that it is the reward of obstinate labor, and of time occupied in the severest exercises. The Jesuit regards the world as an arena, and himself as a competitor who must never desert the lists. Full of this excitement, Jesuitism leaves other monks to count beads, and

pray seven times daily. Its object is of a higher destiny,-to govern the world; to seize it at all points; and like a skilful general, it seeks and assigns employ to all its members. The weak are stationed around the altars, to attract by their sanctimonious fervor; the learned fill the chairs of sacred and profane literature; the crafty attach themselves to those in exalted stations, that by their means they may obtain and direct power for their own advantage; and the strong go forth to proselyte. This was a vast and artful plan; and to fulfil it, a sagacity in the means of execution was demanded equal to that which presided at its formation.

What government could suit and adapt itself to an order of things so boundless and lofty? An absolute monarchy. How is this monarchy conducted? By the command of one over all; and in the obedience of all to that same one. Hence the tyranny of Jesuitism is the most complete of all those which despots ever tried; for the general of the Jesuits is the true Supreme; and all the Superiors, who are delegates of this outrageous power, like their master, are absolute. Under this double weight the subject must remain crushed.

Jesuitism cannot dispense with skilful workmen, and excels in the choice of its agents. It possesses in the highest degree the quality of attraction, and of judgment in the dispositions of youth; so that they may be made desirous to unite with the order. Before its mansion is displayed a golden door; hence it is acceptable and sought after by the great, desired by the humble, dreaded by the weak, and supported by the powerful.

The Jesuit general is served by a zealous militia, an incalculable number of devoted volunteers everywhere present. Thus information arrives by a thousand ways, and places the whole world under the watchful control of the chief. A sovereign who wished to know all that was passing in other nations had only to use Jesuitical policy, and to apply to the general of the order.

Jesuitism knew that concealed and innumerable ways, leading to a common center, are a powerful means of direction and fear. Men dread to declare their opinions and to act concerning those whom they expect to meet at all times and in every situation.

The spirit of domination is the soul of Jesuitism, which sways the temporal power by the spiritual authority. Intolerance, with the mixture of that control, has been the most prolific source of all those evils which ever have afflicted humanity. False notions and incorrect apprehensions engender collisions. In that deceitful art Jesuitism is Grand Master. It formerly kept a school for it, and from its books the order made a trade and merchandise and they are now

resuming their occupation with all their arsenal of reservations, subtleties, and equivocations.

JESUITISM INCOMPATIBLE WITH CONSTITUTIONAL

ORDER AND THE LIBERTY OF THE PRESS

What is the liberty of the press? A sentinel destined to warn us of all the movements made by the enemies of society, that we may be guarded against surprise. But how can this accord with Jesuitism? The liberty of the press is regular freedom, but Jesuitism is arbitrary despotism. That seeks the utmost publicity; this conceals itself in crooked and hidden paths. That is sincere; but Jesuitism is one entire mass of mental reservations, subterfuges, equivocations, and secret intentions contrary to open acts. That demands religious liberty; but Jesuitism enacts Roman intolerance. That proposes the development of the human intellect; Jesuitism is its restraining tyrant. The liberty of the press displays those broad openings to industry, commerce, and the innumerable occupations which supply all the wants of society; Jesuitism is the art to create and prolong collisions. Therefore, constitutional order cannot exist, or Jesuitism must be extinct; they are totally incompatible with each other. Hatred of the liberty of the press is essential to Jesuitism; but as constitutional order is inseparable from the freedom of the press, it follows that Jesuitism is at permanent and unchangeable hostility with both those essentials of national prosperity.

One of the chiefs of a sound and correct philosophy publicly declared in France that affairs had attained such a crisis that "JESUITISM AND PUBLIC LIBERTY ARE IRRECONCILABLE; AND THAT THE REPUBLICS OF SOUTH AMERICA, IN ADOPTING POPERY AS THEIR ESTABLISHED RELIGION, WERE GUILTY OF

NATIONAL SUICIDE." But expansive ideas germinate not