volume.' Every one who reads these words will agree with the writer, and when he sees the suggestion crowned by so splendid a result, he cannot but be grateful to those to whom it is due. The work is dedicated in the following words, beautifully printed in blue ink, with red underlining, and borders of gold, purple and gold, alternating: To the people of the Dominion of Canada, who hate annexation, and look for independence only in the perpetual continuance of the political, commercial, and kindred ties which bind British America to the United Kingdom, this volume is most respectfully dedicated by the author.' We hope the author's loyalty, as thus exemplified, will find a hearty and practical response in a speedy sale of his work. In the introduction the reader is prepared for the pleasant and instructive study, on which he is about to enter, by a sketch which includes the causes which led to confederation, a résumé of the qualities of the population and its elements of national greatness, a statement of the various nationalities and religious creeds, and their effects on character; the climate and its influences; and closing with an encouraging picture of our material and intellectual progress, as presented in the honor-roll of Canada's illustrious children. The promise of delight and benefit given in this introduction is amply fulfilled in the history itself, which is not merely a dry skeleton of facts, but bears on every page the impress of the writer's earnestness, patriotism, and independence. And as, guided by his pen, we read of the providential events and the great deeds which have raised this Dominion from its first rude beginning to its present prosperous and growing life, we are constrained to share in his hopefulness for its future, while we thank him for the feeling which he inspires. We see in this volume by what means each of the provinces rose above its difficulties and perplexities, until the day came when it was no longer to live for itself alone. In the second volume we shall see how all the provinces united have worked together for each other's good; how, one after another, they have striven to repress petty local jealousies and ambitions, and to unite their energies in the prosecution of one great, overmastering aim, the progress and the glory of the nation formed by them all. The history of the first ten years of confederation forms, indeed, a subject of exceeding interest to all Canadians, and we shall await with some impatience, but with no want of confidence, the appearance of Mr. Tuttle's second volume. It will, however, contain a great deal more than the ten years'

history of the Dominion. Besides a detailed history of British Columbia, Manitoba, and the Northwest Territories, from their discovery to 1877, and a full history of each of the seven provinces of the Dominion, from 1867 to 1878, and the history of the Dominion as a whole during the latter period, it will also give an account of all the institutions and industries of the country, an analysis of our system of government, of our educational systems, etc.; a sketch of our progress in literature, science, art, manufactures, and inventions, and about one thousand biographies of the distinguished men of the nation, past and present.

7. The Montreal Daily Herald," in a review of my previous history of Canada, on Nov. 26, 1877, had this to say: "A few weeks ago we drew the attention of the public to the merits of Mr. Tuttle's praiseworthy undertaking, and the completion of the first volume of his History of the Dominion fully justifies the more than good opinion we then formed, upon the evidenco of the advanced numbers of this highly important and wellexecuted work. . . . The time which Mr. Tuttle has chosen for his work is an opportune one, and the manner in which he has carried it out well justifies the idea he proposes at the outset, that it should be a popular history. To this end he has wisely avoided elaborate deduction, and has given a clear and readable presentation of the salient points, indicating their bearing and results. His authorities are numerous and well selected, the consequence being a very impartial statement of the much-vexed questions which some epochs of our history afford, and herein especially he makes good his claim to popularity. The numerous quotations, from leading authors, throw the light of difference of opinion upon these questions, and give the reader sufficient scope to form an opinion of his In assuming the role of a compiler Mr. Tuttle has chosen the only course that could result in a satisfactory history; but he has not thereby lost his claim to be regarded as a historian proper, for the satisfactory collation and arrangement of the mass of material from which he has had to select show a good deal of sound judgment, and no small ability on the part of our author, who has, however, had a good deal of experience in as his other works attest. Writing for the general

own.

this way public is a totally different matter from writing for the historical student, and a comprehensive outline of the history of a nation is a difficult task to accomplish if conciseness and interest are to be both preserved, and the work, on the one hand,

redeemed from becoming merely the dry bones of annals, or, on the other, from being so overladen with incident and deduction as to become unwieldy. Mr. Tuttle has, in our opinion, admirably hit off the requirements of his professed object, and done a good service in bringing out such an eminently readable, accurate, and comprehensive history. The chapter on the commerce and industry of New France affords much information on the causes of the inadequacy of the colony to resist its English neighbors to the end, and of the latter colonies a very good notice is given in short compass. The history of Acadia,

or Nova Scotia, is particularly full and accurate, and, in view of the evidence afforded by all the documents, our writer arrives at probably the truest conclusion concerning the tragic expulsion of the Acadians, when he defends the policy which necessitated it and condemns the manner in which it was carried out. The Jesuits receive the full share of attention which their great missionary work and self-sacrificing lives deserve; and in dealing with the struggles between the ecclesiastical and temporal power the author displays great fairness, and presents very well the questions which still live and have such an important influence in our own day. The fall of the French power and the subsequent oppression of the French until 1774 are, we are glad to see, very fairly dealt with, allusion being made to their wonderful loyalty at the time of the revolt of the English colonies. The long struggle for parliamentary liberty and the history of the different provinces down to confederation, are handled with great tact, while much evidence is given concerning the numerous and stirring questions which have arisen in that time. Our author displays a little partisan feeling in alluding to some of the events during the civil war in the United States; but this is almost the only occasion in which he has departed from this self-imposed task. Without much pretension, his style is sufficiently casy and good. It has been impossible to verify his dates, but, from an examination of a few taken at random, they appear to be correct, and the general tone of his work, bearing, as it does, the impress of careful examination and accuracy, confirms our belief that in this, for a popular history, a minor matter after all, he will be found exact. Some mistakes in names and terms are to be found, but they are so evidently faults in proof-reading rather than literary inaccuracies, that we forbear to notice them, and we are quite inclined to allow the author the indulgence he claims on the score of the difficulty attending the correction of proofs in a

work like this. We heartily recommend it, and we hope that by its instrumentality a knowledge and appreciation of our history may be widely disseminated among those whom it most concerns, the people of Canada."

8. The single exception referred to came from the pen of an able writer, and it came with all the heat of anger. The pages of my book recorded his political life with such honesty, and yet with such dishonor to the man, that he could do nothing less than smite the object of his dislike; but, with all the genius and power of his most scholarly pen, he could not demolish the records which he had made, and which had now, for the first time, passed irrevocably into history. Since that time the book has gone into every province of Canada, into every State of the Union, into France, England, Scotland, Ireland, and Australia; and the second volume will soon follow it, handsomer, brighter, and better than the first. This criticism came from one of the nobility! Great fault was found with the proof-reading, which I am prepared to admit was wretched, but the right honorable gentleman manifested his profession — the politician - most emphatically, when he insinuated that I was but little known in Ontario and Quebec. It was a case bordering on a doubt as to the existence of any such person as myself. This the knighted gentleman declared to a friend of mine was intended for satire! However, I make it a point to get some good out of most everything which comes in my way, and so in this case I have derived the benefit of receiving a higher estimation of my own work; and received an impulse which has led me to write a short sketch of my own life, for the benefit of my right honorable critic. I trust this will be excused, since my name has become so familiar with many thousands who will, perhaps, never meet me personally.

9. The author of this work was born at Wallace, Cumberland County, N.S., on the 14th of March, 1848, just thirty years ago to-day! which may in some measure account for the free, off-hand style of this introduction; for I suppose one is expected to feel as jolly as possible on his birthday. His father, Guy Tuttle, was the son of Stephen Tuttle, who, among many other loyalists, preferred a home in Nova Scotia with an unbroken allegiance to the British Crown, to one in New England without the latter. Stephen was poor, and had a large family, but managed to give each of his numerous children a farm, for at that time land was cheap, but aside from the farms he left them only strong arms and the example of honest

industry. When my father's farm was assigned to him, trees were blazed to indicate the boundaries, and he made the first clearing with his own hands. This was enlarged from year to year, until he had made considerable improvement. He next went to New Brunswick in search of a wife. I cannot tell why

RUSSELL & RICHARDSONSS

CHARLES R. TUTTLE.

he went there, except that perhaps he was always in favor of a union of the provinces. So Guy and Jane Tuttle settled in their new home in the woods, on Wallace Bay. Their worst enemies were the bears but when the old flint musket could be induced to "go off," it generally proved fatal to the invaders, for my father was a good marksman. He continued to enlarge his "clearings," year after year, and to raise suficient grain, and vegetables, and stock, and to catch a sufficient quantity of fish (garpreau) from the bay, to render living ordinarily comfortable. Finally, about ten years after his marriage, when he had four small children, his home, with all its contents, was burned to the ground. This was no small discouragement, but he persevered. The neighbors were not plentiful, but their generosity made up for their lack in this respect. A new house was built, or commenced, soon after, and was completed as circumstances would admit. It was about fifteen years before the house and the two barns, as indicated by the engraving on the next page, were finished. My father worl:cd hard to raise his six children. It was nearly twenty years before he fully overcame the loss of his house. Meanwhile my mother was not an idle spectator; in her old-fashioned loom she swung the heavy lathe to and fro, and cast the shuttle from right to left, and from left to right, through many a long and wearisome year, weaving homespun" cloth at the rate of threepence a yard. Dut, even at this wretched price, she earned many a pound, so that