ate action on its part, in conjunction with the local authorities, in improving the roads, sanitary conditions and amenities generally of several of the mining communities, particularly in Cape Breton. In this connection the Commissioners felt constrained to say:

"We regard the existing conditions as being a reflection not upon the operators or the men, but upon the town and municipal authorities. In this connection also, we recommend the discontinuance of the operators' staff of police, and the assumption by the local authorities of responsibility for the protection of property.

We do not feel that the constituted authorities can effect speedily enough, if at all, all the improvements that we believe to be necessary in the environment of the mining communities, and we recommend the constitution of a special fund-raised by contributions from the owners of the minerals, namely, the Government, out of their royalties, and from the operators of the mines-for purposes connected with the social well-being, recreation and conditions of living of the workers in or about the coal mines, and with mining education and research."

The REVIEW has no space to deal with the conclusions arrived at by the Commissioners in respect of the other matters which engaged their attention. But we do not hesitate to say that their Report as a whole should be read by everyone who is interested—and who is not? in understanding the conditions governing a Canadian industry in what, in many respects at the present time, must be regarded as the most important field of its operations.

* Mr. Hume Cronyn's interesting Addendum to the Report confessedly touches upon lines which project themselves into the region of partisan discords; but one of our poets tells us that " All discord is but harmony misunderstood," and accepting that as sound doctrine we think that the fine note of patriotism struck by Mr. Cronyn will not fail to vibrate a sympathetic chord in the hearts of Canadians no matter what their political affiliations may be.

** We are not able to say at the moment just what action in the large will result from the Nova Scotia Coal Commission's Report, but it is comforting to know that an attempted demonstration by Communists in Cape Breton on the first day of the month fell decidedly flat.

*

HOW ABOUT ENGLAND?-How is England going to emerge from the great industrial strike brought about by the deadlock between the coal operators and the mine workers? The situation seems to

be regarded by revolutionists the world over as bespeaking the psychological moment when the supremacy of power between Labour and Capital will be fought to outrance in conservative England. Nous verrons. If the British Government succeeds in breaking. down this formidable assault upon its authority by the proletarian class-which seems highly probable then it will go far to rebut the argument so sedulously advanced of late by certain political doctrinaires that the State is no more fundamental than any other form of human association, and has no claim on the loyalty and obedience of its citizens necessarily superior to that of any particular organization they may create for social ends. For if this class revolt is defeated it will be by reason of the belief of the mass of citizens that the only antidote to anarchy is a State which, through its organic machinery, is able in periods of crisis to force its will, unreservedly and immediately, upon all or any of the people within its jurisdiction. From this conviction the pragmatic mind naturally proceeds to the corollary that since the State has the might it will do what is right-thus unconsciously avouching Defoe's dictum that "Justice is the end of Government." And it little matters to the law-abiding citizen of Great Britain, whether his views of State sovereignty are supported by those of old-time, such as Bodin and Hobbes, or are rejected by the doctrinaires above referred to, who seem to regard themselves as the people with whom knowledge is likely to die. Indeed upon occasion he has been known to nourish the plant of autocracy in the very seed-field of dubious popular rights.

* * Since the above was written, the momentous strike has been called off, and we are glad in going to press to be able to declare that England to herself has rested true in a very perilous crisis. Gaudeamus igitur! Now that constitutional methods are to prevail we look for justice to be done to all concerned.

* * *

COMPARAISON N'EST PAS RAISON-BUT?-The Honourable W. E. Raney, formerly Attorney-General of Ontario, was recently examined as a witness before the Senate Prohibition Committee in Washington. According to press reports Mr. Raney assured the Committee that the efforts to suppress the clandestine sale of liquor in Ontario had been reasonably successful and gave general satisfaction to the friends of the O.T.A. He admitted that boot-legging was carried on in Ontario, but he insisted that it flourished also in the wet provinces of Canada. In support of this he referred to a statement in one of

the Canadian newspapers that an official of the Quebec Liquor Commission had admitted that there were more than 1,000 illicit stills in full operation in and about the City of Montreal. Senator Reed (Missouri) addressed the following question to Mr. Raney in the course of his examination:

"What do you say to this statement-dry Boston has a population of 770,000, wet Montreal has a population of 618,506; dry Boston had 38,000 arrests for drunkenness and wet Montreal had 3,761." Mr. Raney's reply was:

"The vigilance of the police may have much to do with it."

The innuendo is not flattering to Montreal but it does not displace the fact that prohibition has not succeeded in taking any great amount of humidity out of the social atmosphere of Boston.

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LINTHICUM FOUNDATION PRIZES. We have been asked to announce that certain prizes are offered by the Faculty of Law of Northwestern University, administering the income of the Charles C. Linthicum Foundation, for essays or monographs written by members of the Bar or registered students in the law schools of the United States. For the information of competitors in Canada we reprint the following from a circular we have received from the University authorities:

A. The sum of one thousand dollars and a suitable medal will be awarded to the author of the best essay or monograph, submitted by March I, 1927, on

THE LAW OF RADIO-COMMUNICATION

the scope to include the aspects of the subject as a problem of international law and as a problem of legislation in the United States;

B. The sum of one thousand dollars and a suitable medal will be awarded to the author of the best essay or monograph, submitted by March 1, 1928, on the subject known as

SCIENTIFIC PROPERTY.

i.e., the granting of a quasi-patent right to the maker of a scientific discovery. Conditions of the Award.

1. The award will be made by vote of the Faculty of Law, after scrutiny of the best works offered; but the Faculty may delegate the preliminary selection to other persons.

2. To be eligible for the award the author must be at the date of submission a member of the Bar or a student registered in a law school in the United States or Canada.

3. The Faculty reserves the right to make no award, if in its judgment no work submitted is of sufficient merit.

The money award will not be divided; but the Faculty may make honourable mention of as many as five meritorious contributions not receiving the award.

4. The award in offer A will first be made public in June, 1927, on the occasion of the dedication of the new buildings of the Law School.

5. The copyright of the work receiving the award will remain in the author, but the Faculty will arrange for its publication if desired. If published by the author, its title page must mention the award of the Charles C. Linthicum Foundation Prize..

6. The work submitted may be one already published in print at the time of submission. Manuscripts submitted must be typewritten on paper of size of legal cap or typewriter or commercial note.

7. The Faculty is not responsible for loss or injury of works submitted, but will endeavour to give them safe custody. They will be returned if return postage is supplied.

8. Each work submitted should be identified only by a Latin word or short phrase typed on the title page or first page and on the enclosing envelope. It should be forwarded in another envelope containing also (1) the letter of submission, signed only by the identifying word or phrase, (2) a third sealed envelope bearing outside the identifying word or phrase and containing a paper giving the true name and address of the author and the fact making him eligible under par. 2.

9. To verify arrival of the work the author should forward it by registered mail with return receipt; but the Faculty will not have knowledge of the name on the receipt.

10. Address: The Linthicum Foundation, Northwestern University Law School, Chicago, Illinois.

Scope of Offer B.

As indicating more particularly the scope of the subject of offer B, the following citations will serve:

1. Article by Edward S. Rogers, "The Proposal for Scientific Copyright in the "Journal of Comparative Legislation" (London), vol. VII, part 1, page 69 (Feb., 1925).

2. Article by Professors Rothlisberger and Gariel, "La Propriété Scientifique," in the journal "Le Droit d'Auteur," Sept.-Oct., 1923, page 5, organ of the International Copyright Bureau, Berne).

3. Report by Senator C. Ruffini (Italy) on "Scientific Property," to the League of Nations Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, Geneva, Sept. 1, 1923 (League Documents, A. 38, 1923, XII).

4. Observations by various governments on the Ruffini Report on Scientific Property, 1924, 1925 (League Documents. A. 29, 1924, XII; C. 600, M. 208, 1924; C. 217, M. 74, 1925, XII). (For copies of League Documents, apply to The World Peace Foundation, 40 Mt. Vernon St., Boston.)

5. Article by Nicola Stolfi, "La Tutela della Proprietà Scientifica," in "Rivista Internazionale di Filosofia del Diritto" (Rome, July-Sept.. 1924, vol. IV, No. 3, p. 286; citing numerous other articles).

BENCHERS OF LAW SOCIETY. The following gentlemen were elected as Benchers of the Law Society of Upper Canada at the quinquennial election recently held:-F. W. Harcourt, K.C., W. N. Tilley, K.C., H. S. White, K.C., McGregor Young, K.C., I. F. Hellmuth, K.C., J. W. Bain, K.C., E. N. Armour, K.C., A. MacMurchy, K.C., G. R.Geary, K.C., Honourable W. Nesbitt, K.C., D. L. McCarthy, K.C., Gideon Grant, K.C., Honourable N. W. Rowell, K.C., T. H. Lennox, K.C., M.P., M. H. Ludwig, K.C., J. H. Spence, K.C., E. Bayly, K.C., D. W. Saunders, K.C., A. W. Anglin, K.C., A. G. Slaght, K.C., and W. K. Murphy, Esquire (Toronto), S. F. Washington, K.C. (Hamilton), G. F. Henderson, K.C. (Ottawa), T. G. Meredith, K.C. (London), J. B. Walkem, K.C. (Kingston), A. C. Kingstone, K.C. (St.

Catharines), J. H. Rodd, K.C. (Windsor), W. N. Ponton, K.C. (Belleville), F. M. Field, K.C. (Cobourg), W. F. Kerr, K.C. (Cobourg), W. S. Brewster, K.C. (Brantford), G. G. McPherson, K.C. (Stratford), J. G. Kerr, K.C. (Chatham), W. A. M. Boys, K.C. (Barrie), John Cowan, K.C. (Sarnia), Honourable C. McCrea, K.C., M.P.P. (Sudbury), H. J. Sims, K.C. (Kitchener), and W. S. Middlebro, K.C. (Owen Sound).

A GREAT AMERICAN JUDGE.-Writing in the April number of the Oregon Law Review, Mr. MacCormac Snow presents some interesting facts concerning the official and private life of Joseph Story. In Mr. Snow's opinion:-" Story's great services were trifold, as judge, teacher and writer. In the first and last of these fields he stands almost alone. When all three are considered together, his accomplishments have placed him almost beyond emulation. American Judges have exceeded him in some particular, such as knowledge of a branch of the law or strength of judicial expression, but it is doubtful if any have combined such broad learning with so many judicial attributes as he possessed. Text-writers have produced single works as good as his and perhaps better, but no common law writer except possibly Lord Coke, has to his credit such a volume of consistently meritorious works as he."

22-C.B.R.-VOL. 4.