ship, gives a very different account of it." Etsi enim ecclesiam (says Mosheim, speaking of Constantine) civitatem quandam a republica distinctam in civitate, qualis ante ipsum fuerat, manere patiebatur: SUPREMUM sibi tamen in hanc civitatem IMPERIUM, atque jus eam sic constituendi et temperandi, uti salus reipublicæ posceret, sumebat *." And again,-" Multa quæ totius ecclesiæ fuerant, ad imperatores eorumque præsides et magistratus transierant." We see here an abridged but exact description of the Alliance between Church and State: And one is much better pleased to have our theory recommended on the authority, than at the expence, of that great instrument of Divine Providence. After this, would you expect to hear him return again to his abuse of the ALLIANCE? "The sole « intention and sole effect of [the theologic system of "the schools] was to establish an ecclesiastical em"pire, under that spiritual monarch the Pope, and "his spiritual ministers the clergy. THIS WAS THE EFFECT OF THAT SUPPOSED ALLIANCE BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND STATE t. Before, it was CONSTANTINE and his successors, who raised that spiritual tyranny: and it was done, he says, by means of his establishment; which suffered the church to retain its INDEPENDENCY, and admitted it on the same foot on which it has stood while it was a sect §. But now, it is the supposed ALLIANCE between church and state which raised this spiritual tyranny; an alliance which will not suffer the church to retain its INDEPENDENCY; nor admit it on the same foot on which it stood while it was a sect. * Instit. Hist. Eccl. p. 155. 1 Vol. iv. p. 446. + Vol. iv. p. 621, 622. § Ibid. p. 438. We We have seen such amazing instances of his lordship's CONTRADICTIONS, as not to be surprised at the boldest of them. Sometimes, when rapt in a fit of rhetoric, he does, by his contradictions, what the man in the play did by his ingratitude, he strives to cover the monstrous bulk of them, by a proportionable size of words*; sometimes again, to shew his utter contempt of the public, he chuses to follow the advice there given; to let them go naked, whereby men would see them the better. But, when he masks his double face, the FALSIFICATION of the theory of the Alliance always affords him the best play. He constantly takes it for granted, or avouches it for a fact, throughout his whole argument against the book, that the author contends for and maintains the independency of the church on the state, under an establishment. This brings CONSTANTINE'S establishment, as he has represented it, and the establishment on the principles of the ALLIANCE, pretty much to the same thing; so that the mischiefs ascribed to one may be safely transferred to the other. And here, Reader, in conclusion, the odd fortune of this book of the ALLIANCE is worth thy notice. It had been written against by many nameless scribblers, before his lordship: and had their force been equal to their fury, its innocence had been no protection to it. Their daggers hacked one another†, not in the sides of my system, but in the unfeeling fronts of the assassins themselves. Three capital crimes had been imputed to it. One, that it established an imperium in imperio; another, that it made the church a creature of the civil magistrate; and a third, that it made the civil magistrate a creature of the church: while one shameless fellow, as I remember, in a thing he called + Shakespeare. *Timon of Athens. a Com a Comment on the Alliance, charged it with all these three crimes at once: so that his lordship, whose care is for the STATE, and my dissenting adversaries, who are as anxious for the CHURCH, will come in but for shares in the full merit of that illustrious Commentator. P. 44 Alliance between Church and State, Preface to the edition in 1736 p. iii Dedication to the Earl of Chesterfield of the Advertisement to the edition of 1766 - P. vii P. xii M. de Silhouette's Letter to Cardinal Fleury, &c. the reciprocal terms and conditions - p. 105 what the Church receives from the State by the pp. 108. 145 fœderated, and incorporated union distin- - the reality of the convention argued - p. 160 P. 164 a security for the behaviour of individuals due to Alliance between Church and State; the occasion of writing Alliances and establishments, examination of Lord Boling- Anabaptists, German, why they ought to be excluded the Areopagus, court of, its jurisdiction explained - P. 374 p. 255 p. 223 P. 59 - Atheists, why they ought to be banished all civil govern- ments p. 255 p. 276 Athens, shewn to have a test-law to secure an established B. - p. 278 Bacchus, the oath taken by the priestesses of, from De- P. 33 the opinion of several learned men, "whether P. 115 Enquiry into their parliamentary peerage, p. 133 - p. 134 their peerage not affected by the privileges they p. 139 to canon law p. 150 and Presbyters, the distinction between, according Bolingbroke, Lord, his concession in favour of the church answer to his cavils against Alliance P. 168 - P. 315 his notions concerning religious society - p. 321 Bolingbroke, |