The Eastern Origin of the Celtic Nations: Proved by a Comparison of Their Dialects with the Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, and Teutonic Languages, Forming a Supplement to Researches Into the Physical History of MankindSherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, 1831 - 194 sivua Although Prichard is primarily known today for his important anthropological work, his reputation as a philologist is unjustly overshadowed. This work was the first to show the Indo-European origin of the Celtic languages, and preceded the work of Adolphe Pictet, whi made his reputation on a treatise on the same point. |
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abbreviated affinity analogy ancient aorist asmi aspirate belong Bopp Celtic dialects Celtic language Celtic verbs chwi cognate cognate languages compared consonants corresponding Dative dental Dual Edward Lhuyd endings of verbs Erse European languages future tense Goth Gothic grammarians grammatical Greek language Grimm guages guttural hard palatine hwynt idioms Imperative Mood Indo-European languages inflections inflections of verbs insertion instances interchange Lhuyd Meso-Gothic nations nearly Nominative noun O. H. Germ observed Old High German origin participle perhaps Persian person plural personal endings personal pronouns Plur preceding present tense pret preterite preterperfect tense Preterpluperfect primitive principle probable pronominal suffixes reduplication relations remarks resemblance Russ Russian Sandhi Sansk Sanskrit verbs second person secondary form SECT SECTION sibilant Sing skrit soft palatines subjunctive substituted syllable termed terminations Teutonic languages tion tive traced verb substantive verbal root vowel Welsh language whence the verb words writers μι τὸ
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Sivu 6 - Sclavonian dialects, and the Lettish or Lithuanian, which are in some respects intermediate between the former, stand nearly in the same relation to the ancient language of India. Several intermediate languages, as the Zend and other Persian dialects, the Armenian and the Ossete, which is one of the various idioms spoken by the nations of Caucasus, have been supposed by writers, who have examined their structure and etymology, to belong to the same stock.
Sivu viii - The use of languages really cognate must be allowed to furnish a proof, or at least a strong presumption, of kindred race. Exceptions may indeed, under very peculiar circumstances, occur to the inference founded on this ground. For example, the French language is likely to be the permanent idiom of the negro people of St. Domingo, though the latter are principally of African descent. Slaves imported from various districts in Africa, having no common idiom, have adopted that of their masters. But...
Sivu x - Duponceau, of the American tribes, and the monosyllabic languages of the Chinese and Indo-Chinese nations. ' 3. A third relation is discovered between languages which are shewn to be connected by both of the circumstances already pointed out. These are the languages which I venture to term cognate. The epithet is applied to all those dialects which are connected by analogy in grammatical forms, and by a considerable number of primitive words or roots common to all, or in all resembling, and manifestly...
Sivu 8 - Pinkerton, for example, has declared in the most positive terms, that the Celtae were a people entirely distinct from the rest of mankind. He says that their language, " the real Celtic, Is as remote from the Greek as the Hottentot from the Lapponic.' '• The mythology of the Celtae...
Sivu 20 - As it relates to a point of some consequence in tracing the analogy of languages, we shall quote the passage at length. ' It is to be observed that H never stands as the initial of a word in Erse in the primitive form, or is never, in fact, an independent radical letter. It is merely a secondary form, or representative, of some other initial, viz., F or S. It must likewise be noticed that the same words which begin with S or F, as their primitive initial in the Erse, taking H in their secondary form,...
Sivu 8 - But the.latter of these writers has passed over the subject in a very cursory manner, or rather he lia-t left that part of his work which relates to the Celtic dialects in an incomplete state ; and Adelung, who has been followed in this particular by many foreign writers, has committed the error of supposing the Welsh tongue to be a descendant from the language of the Belgae, and not from that of the Celtae, who inhabited the central parts of Gaul, and, as it is generally supposed, of Britain.
Sivu 77 - I allude particularly to such terms аз denote the most familiar objects and relations, for which no tribe of people is without expressive terms. When such relations as those of father, mother, brother, and sister are expressed by really cognate words, an affinity between the several languages in which these analogies are found is strongly indicated. The same remark may be made in respect to the names of visible bodies and the elements of nature, such as sun, moon, air, sky.
Sivu 7 - The Pelasgi were originally from India, of which the Sanscrit roots that occur abundantly in their language do not permit us to doubt. It is probable, that, by crossing the mountains of Persia, they penetrated as far as the Caucasus ; and that from this point, instead of continuing their route by land they embarked on the Black Sea, and made a descent upon the coasts of Greece.
Sivu 9 - ... that neither Greek, Latin, or the Teutonic dialects, nor Arabic, Persian, or Sanskrit were derived from the Celtic, since these languages have not any affinity whatever with that tongue...
Sivu 7 - The farmer, in a lute article, remark, " We are free to confess, that the result of our enquiries has been to produce a conviction in our minds that the affinities known to subsist between the Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, and German languages, are perfectly irreconcilable with any other supposition than that of their having been all derived from a common source, or primitive language, spoken by a people of whom the Indians, Greeks, Latins, and Germans, were equally the descendants.