He believed that there were many men now living who had drunk from the holy fountain which he had opened, and who were anxious to emulate his bright example. He believed that if a day should come when it was necessary to fight our battle on our own shores, we should find a hero equal to the occasion, and that among the officers formed under Wellington's eye, and by his precepts, there would be no lack of men capable of confronting the best chieftain which our enemies might bring against them. The noble Earl (who was throughout very indistinctly heard) then concluded by moving-"That an humble Address be presented to Her Majesty, in answer to Her gracious Speech from the Throne."

was happy to say, did not propose to stop | unmistakeable; and the pages of those rethe progress of these reforms, but were markable volumes would be read with inprepared to bring in other measures which terest and with advantage in ages still he trusted would meet their Lordships' far distant. From one comment which concurrence. The noble Lords on the had been made on his death, he begged other side had arrogated to themselves leave to dissent. Now that he was gone, the title of reformers. He did not it was said that, if an European war should quarrel with that designation, but he must unfortunately break out, we should have apply the same epithet to noble Lords no general capable of directing the action on his side of the House; and certainly of the war, and of leading our troops on the noble and learned Lord on the wool- to victory. To that assertion he could not sack had proved himself well deserving assent; for, in his opinion, the Duke of of the name of reformer-for he believed Wellington would have lived in vain, had none had done so much in the same he not inspired Englishmen by his example time to promote legal reform, and place to follow in the course which he himself those reforms upon a sound principle. had run. He had thought it better to reserve the most prominent paragraph in the Speech for the last subject of his observations. He believed their Lordships, in common with the whole nation, felt as one man with respect to the illustrious deceased that great man who had in youth fought our battles, and who in age had guided our councils-that chair, which was now vacant, was that which their Lordships were long accustomed to see filled by the venerable presence of the Duke of Wellington, who, with painful solicitude, from the advancing weakness of mortality, endeavoured to catch the words which fell from their Lordships, and continued at more than fourscore years to discharge his public duty to the last. So much had been said, and so ably said, by public writers and orators-from the press, from the pulpit and the platform-upon the great features of the Duke's character, that it was unnecessary for him to dwell upon them at any length; but there was one point in his character which he thought had not been sufficiently dwelt upon-that his loss was not so much a loss to this nation as to the whole world. As a soldier he restored the equilibrium of Europe, and evoked order out of chaos, and in after years as a civilian, he preserved, by his moderation and good counsel, that peace which he had established by his genius and his valour. When that great man's ashes were laid in St. Paul's, his remains would be followed not by Englishmen only, but by deputations from most of the great nations of Europe. He had left behind him memorials of his worth which would live as long as the literature of the country lasted-documents not remarkable for their eloquence and fine writing, but the character of the man was stamped upon the despatches of the Duke of Wellington in a manner

The following is a copy of the Address agreed to:

"MOST GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN,

"WE, Your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal Subjects, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, in Parliament assembled, beg leave to return Your Majesty our humble Thanks for Your Majesty's most gracious Speech from the Throne.

"WE beg leave to assure Your Majesty of our Participation in the deep Sorrow which Your Majesty in meeting us has been pleased to express, that our Deliberations can no longer be aided by the Counsels of that illustrious Man whose great Achievements have exalted the Name of England, and in whose Loyalty and Patriotism the Interests of Your Majesty's Throne and People ever found an unfailing Support.

"WE beg also to assure Your Majesty that we cordially desire to join with Your Majesty in taking such Steps as may mark our Sense of the irreparable Loss which the Country has sustained by the Death of Arthur Duke of Wellington.

"WE thank Your Majesty for Your Majesty's gracious Acknowledgement of the Readiness with which your Majesty's Subjects in general have come forward, in pursuance of the Act of last

rence with Your Majesty in the Opinion that it will be advisable to resume the Inquiries which were commenced by the late Parliament with a view to Legislation on the Subject of the future Government of Your Majesty's East Indian Possessions.

"WE humbly assure Your Majesty that we participate in the Pleasure which Your Majesty is pleased to express at being enabled, by the Blessing of Providence, to congratulate us on the generally improved Condition of the Country, and especially of the Industrious Classes; and we beg humbly to thank Your Majesty for Your Majesty's gracious Recommendation that if we should be of opinion that recent Legislation in contributing, with other Causes, to this happy Result, has at the same Time inflicted unavoidable Injury on certain important Interests, we should dispassionately consider how far it may be practicable equitably to mitigate that Injury, and to enable the Industry of the Country to meet successfully that unrestricted Competition to which Parliament, in its Wisdom, has decided that it should be subjected.

"WE beg humbly to thank Your Majesty for the Information that frequent and well-founded Complaints on the Part of Your Majesty's North American Colonies, of Infractions, by Citizens of the United States, of the Fishery Convention of 1818, have induced Your Majesty to despatch, for the Protection of their Interests, a Class of Vessels better adapted to the Service than those which had been previously employed; that this Step has led to Discussions with the Government of the United States; and that, while the Rights of Your Majesty's Subjects have been firmly maintained, the friendly Spirit in which the Question has been treated induces Your Majesty to hope that the ultimate Result may be a mutually beneficial Extension and Improvement of our Com-provement, notwithstanding many Obstacles, has mercial Intercourse with that great Republic.

"WE thank Your Majesty for informing us that the special Mission which, in concert with the Prince President of the French Republic, Your Majesty deemed it right to send to the Argentine Confederation, has been received with the utmost Cordiality; and that the wise and enlightened Policy of the Provisional Director has already opened to the Commerce of the World the great Rivers, hitherto closed, which afford an Access to the Interior of the vast Continent of South America.

"WE humbly assure Your Majesty that we receive with Satisfaction the Announcement that the sincere and zealous Efforts of the Government of Brazil for the Suppression of the Slave Trade, now nearly extinguished on that Coast, have enabled Your Majesty to suspend the stringent Measures which Your Majesty had been compelled reluctantly to adopt, a Recurrence to which we, in common with Your Majesty, anxiously hope may be proved to be unnecessary.

"We thank Your Majesty for informing us that the Government of Her Most Faithful Majesty have fully recognized the Justice of the Claim which Your Majesty's Government have long urged for the Abolition of the discriminating Duties on the Export of Wine, and have passed a Decree for giving complete Effect to the Stipulations of the Treaty on this Subject.

"WE thank Your Majesty for the Information that Your Majesty trusts that the general Im

extended to Ireland; and we assure Your Majesty that while Your Majesty may rely with Confidence on our Aid, should it be required, to restrain that unhappy Spirit of Insubordination and Turbulence which produces many and aggravates all of the Evils which affect that Portion of Your Majesty's Dominions, we shall readily attend to Your Majesty's gracious Recommendation that we should adopt such a liberal and generous Policy towards Ireland as may encourage and assist her to rally from the Depression in which she has been sunk by the sufferings of late Years.

"WE thank Your Majesty for informing us that Your Majesty, anxious to promote the Efficiency of every Branch of our National Church, has thought fit to issue a Commission to inquire and report to Your Majesty how far, in their Opinion, the Capitular Institutions of the Country are capable of being made more effective for the great Objects of Religious Worship, Religious Education, and Ecclesiastical Discipline.

"WE beg humbly to thank Your Majesty for directing that the Reports of the Commissioners for inquiring into the System of Education pursued at Oxford and Cambridge should be communicated to the governing Bodies of those Universities, for their Consideration; and we humbly assure Your Majesty that Your Majesty may rely upon our Readiness to remove any legal Diffculties which may impede the Desire of the Uni

"WE beg leave to express our humble Concur-versities at large, or of the several Colleges, to

introduce such Amendments into their existing | echo in the heart of every class of Her System as they may deem to be more in accord- Majesty's subjects, and in none more than ance with the Requirements of the present Time. in their Lordships' House. The memory "We humbly beg to assure Your Majesty that we concur in the Opinion that the System of Secondary Punishments has usefully occupied the Labours of successive Parliaments; and that we shall rejoice with Your Majesty if we shall find it possible to devise Means by which, without giving Encouragement to Crime, Transportation to Van Diemen's Land may at no distant Period be altogether discontinued.

"WE thank Your Majesty for informing us that the Subject of Legal Reform continues to engage Your Majesty's anxious attention; that the Aets passed in the last Session of Parliament have been followed up by the Orders necessary for putting them in operation; that Inquiries are in progress, by Your Majesty's Direction, with a view of bringing into Harmony the Testamentary Jurisdiction of Your Majesty's several Courts; and that Bills will be submitted to us for effecting further Improvements in the Administration of

the Law.

of the great Duke would be ever revered by his countrymen as that of one who was the exemplar and type of those great national virtues, devotion to the Sovereign, and attachment to the constitution, which distinguished the people of this country. If the illustrious warrior had been still living, he had no doubt that he would view with satisfaction the happy results of that measure on which he himself bestowed so much attention, and on which he addressed their Lordships-he rather thought on the last time he ever spoke in that Housewith so much authority and with so great effect. He alluded to the Militia Bill, which was the next subject to which Her Majesty alluded in Her Speech, in which She expressed Her acknowledgments for the manner in which the people had cheerfully duties; and it was gratifying to observe come forward in the discharge of their that all classes had submitted with readiness to the requirements of the public service, that volunteers had come forward with alacrity, and that at the present moment nearly all the regiments had completed their full complements. Great praise was due, therefore, to the officers for the prompt way in which they had discharged their duty, and to the people of this country, that had been made upon them. By their who had so readily responded to the call conduct on this occasion the people of England had declared that though, at the present moment, there was nothing to fear from any foreign Power, and that though foreign affairs could not be in a more satisfactory condition than at present, yet, that if any change were to occur hereafter, their country would be protected, and that they had nothing to dread for their altars and their homes; and that, whatever dangers threatened, they would prove that they had "I cannot meet you for the first time, after the never lost that love for their country and dissolution of Parliament, without expressing my their constitution which justly distinguished deep sorrow, in which I am sure you will participate, that your deliberations can no longer be them over every other nation in the world. aided by the counsels of that illustrious man, He would not trouble their Lordships whose great achievements have exalted the name with any remarks on the present state of England, and in whose loyalty and patriotism of foreign affairs, though the settlement the interests of my throne and of my people ever found an unfailing support. I rely with confidence of the fisheries question with America on your desire to join with me in taking such which if not in so satisfactory a condisteps as may mark your sense of the irreparable loss which the country has sustained by the death of Arthur Duke of Wellington."

“We humbly beg to assure Your Majesty that to these and other Measures affecting the Social Condition of the Country we shall give our carnest and zealous Attention, and that we join most fervently in Your Majesty's Prayer that by the Blessing of Almighty God our Deliberations may be guided to the Well-being and Happiness of Your Majesty's People."

The MARQUESS of BATH rose to second the Address. He said, that he must begin by entreating their Lordships to make allowances for the deficiencies of one who then addressed the House for the first time; and by their Lordships' kind indulgence he would proceed to make a few observations in support of the Motion which had been made by the noble Earl. The first topic in Her Majesty's Speech was the death of that lamented hero the Duke of Wellington. Her Majesty said—

He was sure the sentiments expressed by Her Majesty, when She condoled with them on so great a loss, would find an

VOL. CXXIII. [THIRD SERIES.]

tion as might be wished, could not fail being satisfactory to their Lordships-at least secured to this country assurances of a desire to maintain peace and friendly relations; and he would therefore proceed to that passage of the Speech in which Her

с

Lordships with any further remarks, but would content himself with simply seconding the Address in answer to the Royal Speech which the noble Earl had moved.

Majesty congratulated the Legislature on | having reference to Ireland, and to the the prosperity of the country, and more reform of Oxford and Cambridge Univerespecially of the industrious classes. It sities, said he would not trouble their might be that this prosperity was the result of recent legislation, aided, perhaps, by the influx of gold from the colonies and Australia, and by the emigration which had carried away the surplus population, The MARQUESS of LANSDOWNE : whereby the competition of labour was My Lords, I confess that I should not rendered less severe. The condition of perhaps have felt it my duty to address the manufacturing interests and of the your Lordships at all on this occasion after operatives throughout the country might the Royal Speech which has been made, be flourishing; but, though they might re- and the Address which has been moved, cognise the good effects of recent measures were it not for the circumstance that the in these instances, they must not forget greatest feature in that Speech-the most that certain very important classes of Her prominent feature at its commencement, Majesty's subjects had not been so pros- and at the commencement of the Address perous. The agricultural interest cer- which the noble Lord (the Earl of Donoughtainly was labouring under depression, and more) has proposed, is one to which I feel was suffering distress, which had been in- it my duty, not to call your Lordships' atcreased by those measures that had proved tention, because your Lordships' attention so much to the advantage of other classes. is already fixed upon it, but on which I The agricultural interest had undoubtedly feel it my duty to make some few remarks. sustained considerable injury from the For, although I do not feel myself authornew system of finance; but however much ised, either on this or on any other subject, they had suffered themselves, he knew to speak the sentiments and feelings of that they had no wish to impede or ob- any large body of persons in this House, I struct measures productive of so much perhaps have some claim, as an individual, good to the rest of their fellow subjects. to address your Lordships on this topic, They were ready to aid and assist in not merely because, owing to the great perevery way they could in the full carry-sonal respect that I entertained for the ing out of that system. But although its noble Duke whom we have lost-who is benefits had been felt by the great ma- lost to the country and lost to our councils jority of the industrial classes of the com--not merely because without any political munity, still it must be remembered a connexion whatever with that noble Duke, large portion of the nation, not less loyal, he has done me the honour at times to connot less industrious, was suffering. He, sider me as his friend; and on the last therefore, hoped that their Lordships would occasion on which he addressed this House, dispassionately consider Her Majesty's gra- he did me the honour to speak of me in cious recommendation on this subjectthose terms; but because as one of, per"To consider how far it may be practicable haps, the oldest Members of the House, I equitably to mitigate that injury, and to enable remember the whole of that noble duke's the industry of the country to meet successfully military and Parliamentary career. that unrestricted competition to which Parlia- Lords, I stand in somewhat of a peculiar ment, in its wisdom, has decided that it should situation before your Lordships, addressing be subjected." you on this subject, because it may not be known to the greater number of your Lordships-indeed, there are not many now alive to recollect it-that the individual who has now the honour of addressing you, some forty-seven years ago in his place in the other House of Parliament, when young in his Parliamentary life, was permitted and authorised by his colleagues of that time to call on that other House to do justice to the memory and to provide for the family of one of the greatest heroes that ever lived, and with whom alone in the military annals of this country the noble Duke now no more could be compared.

He trusted their Lordships would attend to that recommendation, and that it might be practicable to find some alleviation of the distress of the agricultural interest which would not interfere with the system of policy the country had adopted, and devise some equitable measure of relief for the agricultural interest, that would not interfere with the system of policy which the country had now adopted, and equalise their condition to that of the rest of their fellow subjects. The noble Marquess, after briefly expressing his concurrence in the portions of the Speech

very

My

It

was, my Lords, in the year 1807-at a time of great difficulty and a great crisis in the military affairs of this countrythat the country was compelled by a stroke of fate to lose the services of the greatest admiral that ever distinguished this country, and who then fell in the arms of victory

"Fallen from his high estate,

And weltering in his blood."

country will feel with me that it is a sufficient gratification of the pride which an Englishman ought to feel in his country and in its history, that he has lived to see in the same age two such men, of such actions, uniformly directed to the public good. My Lords, in selecting these great men as the glory of their age and their country, I do not mean to overlook the fact, that durThere was then but one unanimous feeling lengthened period there has arisen genius ing the same time and through the same on that subject; but when I addressed the of another kind—that the arts and sciences House of Commons upon it I was then but have not been dormant, and that men of imperfectly aware-those whom I addressed great capacity, great industry, and great were also but imperfectly aware that at the very moment when that great man had patriotism have helped to make this country what she is-have contributed, and esraised the Navy of this country to the high-sentially contributed, to her prosperity, est pinnacle of perfection and of glory, her wealth, and her greatness. But, my there was rising in the far East another Lords, we must always recollect, when we man destined to perform the same great are called on to do honour to the heads of services by the Army of this country, and the military profession, that our wealth, to raise it by efforts constantly directed. our prosperity, and our commerce would to that object, by the most unremitting cease to be secure unless it was prostudy, the most untiring efforts, and the tected. Let it be remembered that, to greatest practical skill-to a position in whatever pitch and to whatever extent the which it afterwards asserted the dignity manufacturing and the commercial indusof this country throughout the world, and try of the country may be carried, and established that high character which, whatever accumulation of capital may find thank God, the British Army, under his itself employed and settled on our shores, peaceful administration, as well as under that that capital and that industry would his military career, have never forfeited. Such were the characters of these two illus- disappear at once, and instead of attracttrious men-differing from each other un- the world, if for a moment it was supposed ing the eye, would attract the rapacity of doubtedly, as men do in particular points to be defenceless. This is our position. of their character, but resembling each For be assured, my Lords, that in the other in all that was great and excellentdirecting their attention to one great ob- present state of the world, and in that state in which it must long continue, it is ject-not indifferent, either of them, undoubtedly (as who is indifferent?) to the not merely to industry-however laudable praise of others; but never allowing that science and to art, in their civil characters that industry is it is not merely to praise to divert them for one moment from -noble as those pursuits are-that you the service of their country, but making the honour of the Crown and the safety of can alone look for the continuance of the the people the sole object of that uncon- unless you make up your minds to protect glory and of the Crown of this Realm, querable energy which regulated them in them efficiently, and to show yourselves all the paths of duty. My Lords, I feel not only one of the most industrious, but any man may feel-proud of having lived also one of the most powerful, nations of with such cotemporaries. I have been re- the world. I have thought it right, my minded, in speaking of them, of that ex-Lords, to say so much on this subject, bcpression which is to be found in one of the most English of our poets, when adverting sociated these observations with the names cause it lies deep in my heart. I have asto the great men of his time, and speaking of men who, in my opinion, have done more of the character of England and of English-than any men have ever done to bring for men at that day, he says-Enough to him,

"That Chatham's language was his mother tongue,

And Wolfe's great name compatriot with his own!"

This I can well apply to the great man to whom I allude; and I am sure that the

as

ward the resources, and to strengthen the power and efficacy of these resources, for the defence and the protection of this Empire. Having associated them together, I do not feel myself called upon to dwell more particularly on the history and the achievements of the illustrious man to