which number were the Lord Galway and Colonel Charles Moore. The Major of Colonel Epingham's dragoons owned to Major General Dorington, that Lord Galway was killed after quarter, and when the battle was over. More vouchers," adds Mr. Lefley, "might be produced if needful.”

"In fhort, many hundreds of the poor Irish prifoners were fent at a time into Lambay, a waste deferted ifland in the fea near Dublin; where their allowance for four days might, without excess, be eaten at a meal; and being thus out of the reach of their friends, (all perfons being prohibited to pafs into it with boat, or other veffel, under the penalty of forfeiting the fame) they died there miferably, and in heaps."

6

Thus publicly were thefe, and many other facts, attested by Mr. Lefley, in his anfwer to Dr. King's State of the Proteftants of Ireland under king James, in refutation of the numerous falfehoods contained in that book. The truth of which answer is ftill further confirmed, by the doctor's confcious filence, under

d

5 Anfw. to King. Harris's king William, fol. 318.

• Id. ib. p. 164.

fuch.

of the victors, appeared in the number of their prifoners, which amounted only to four hundred and fifty." Lel. Hifl. of Irel. vol. iii. p. 606.

"Ginckle gained reputation by the defeat of the Trish at Aughrim; but his army loft every claim to humanity, by giving no quarter." Macpherf. ib. p. 621.

For "Archbishop Tillotfon recommmended this book (to king William to juftify the revolution), as the most serviceable treatife that could have been publifhed at fuch a juncture." Swift's Letter concerning the Sacramental Test.

e

Though Mr. Lefley, in his answer, fervently prayed, "that God might give Dr. King grace, before he died, to repent fincerely, and confefs honeftly, all the errors, wilful or malicious representations in this book of his." P. 173.

One can't help fmiling to find an affertion in Dr. King's life, lately prefixed to Dean Swift's letters to his grace, that, notwithstanding this long filence both of his lordfhip and friends, "his Grace had by him at his death attefted vouchers of every particular fact alleged in his State of the Proteftants of Ireland,

fuch heavy accufations, for more than thirty years that he furvived the publication of it; being most of that time, in the exalted stations of Bishop of Derry, and Archbishop of Dublin; to which fucceffive dignities, he was thought to have been raised, chiefly on account of the great merit and fervice of that performance.

CHA P. XX.

Surrender of Limerick, with the Articles of capitulation.

ON the 3d of October, 1691, was furrendered to General Ginckle, and the lords juftices of Ireland, upon the articles of capitulation here following, freely and folemnly entered into, the city of Limerick, together with all the other garrifons then held by the catholics of that kingdom, for king James. Thefe articles were afterwards ratified, and exemplified, by their majesties king William and queen Mary, under the great feal of England; and in the year 1695, confirmed by an act of the Irish parliament. By the first of these articles, it was ftipulated and agreed," that the Roman catholics of Ireland fhall enjoy fuch privileges, in the exercife of their religion, as they did enjoy in the reign of king Charles the Second. And that their majesties, as foon as their affairs will permit them to fummon a parliament

which are now in the hands of his relations." Swift's Works, vol. viii. If this be not a ridiculous boast of his biographer, as moft probably it is, these relations of his grace are now again thus publicly called upon to produce thofe attefted vouchers.

"The particulars of the fecond fiege of Limerick (fays Macpherson) are neither important nor diftinctly known. Six weeks were spent before the place, without any decifive effect. The garrifon was well supplied with provifions. They were provided with all means of defence. The feafon was now far advanced. The rains had fet in. The winter itself was Ginckle had received orders to finish the war upon any terms. The English general offered conditions, which the Irish, had they even been victors, could fcarce refufe with prudence." Macpher. Hift. Gr. Brit. vol. i. p. 620.

near.

parliament in Ireland, will endeavour to procure the faid Roman catholics fuch further fecurity in that particular, as may preferve them from any further difturbance on account of their religion."

I

This furrender of Limerick, and the other garrifons, happened at a most favourable conjuncture for King William," who was then engaged in a war with France; and while his forces were thus divided, by the Irish war, could not proceed in that, which he was carrying on abroad, with the defired fuccefs. On the other hand, what indeed fhewed a real and laudable intention in the Irish to put an end to the troubles of that kingdom, by this capitulation, was, that previous to the figning of the articles, an affurance had been sent them of a supply of twenty fhips of war, fpeedily to arrive from France, under the command of Monfieur Chateau Renault, "which fupply" did actually arrive in Dingle-bay a day or two after the articles were figned, confifting," as appears from the minutes of a letter from the lords juftices to the king, of eighteen fhips of war, fix fire-fhips, and twenty great fhips of burthen, and brought on board eight or ten thousand arms, two hundred officers, and three thousand men."

King William was fo fenfible of the neceffity of collecting and uniting his whole force against the formidable power of France, that in order to put a speedy period to the Irish war," he had fent inftructions to the lords juftices,' to iffue a proclamation, affuring the Irish of much more favourable conditions, than they afterwards obtained by the articles of Limerick. The juftices formed these instructions into a procla

2

1

Lel. Hift. of Irel. vol. iii. p. 610. Harris's Life of King William, f. 353. Id. ib. f. 3 ·372.

3

"The opponents of William give him no credit, either for his justice or humanity, upon the prefent occafion. They afcribe his eagerness to finish the troubles of Ireland to his earneft defire of profecuting with vigour the war on the continent. They allege, that had not an English parliament deprived his creatures of the hopes of Irish forfeitures, he would have been lefs liberal in the conceffions which he made." Macphers. Hift. Great Britain, vol. i. p. 623,

a proclamation, afterwards ftiled the fecret proclamation, because though printed, it was never publifhed; for their lordships finding Limerick reduced to the condition of capitulating, fmothered the proclamation, and haftened to the camp, that they might hold the Irish to as hard terms as the king's affairs would permit: this they effected. And although, adds my author, they deferved the thankful acknowledgments of every proteftant in the kingdom; yet a party foon fprung up, that inveighed loudly against the articles. The defigning men of this party quarrelled with them, only because their expectations were difappointed of raifing large fortunes out of the forfeitures; but they eafily drew a majority of the proteftants to their fide. They thought

the

< "We are told that they (lords justices) had already prepared a proclamation, offering terms ftill more advantageous to the Irish than those granted by the general; but on the first intelligence of a treaty they fuppreffed it. Hence it was called the SECRET PROCLAMATION, because, though printed, it was never published." See Harris. Writers of Ireland, in the article Cox. Lel. Hift. vol. iii. p. 618.

"Though the terms granted at the capitulation of Limerick were, perhaps, neceffary in themselves, and highly fuitable to humanity, they were foon after, equally difliked by both parties. The English proteftants looked with unbounded refentment upon articles, which rendered, in fome measures independent a people, whom, on account of ancient prejudices and recent injuries, they abhorred. The Irish having obtained with so much facility fuch good terms, imbibed an opinion, that they might have extorted conditions ftill more favourable from an exhausted enemy. The arrival of the French fleet, two days after the capitulation, with arms, ftores, provifions, and ammunition, confirmed them in their fentiments on this fubject. But that circumstance, in conjunction with many other obvious reasons, juftified William for putting an end to the war upon moderate terms. Many millions had already been expended in the reduction of Ireland. Near one thousand men had been loft by fickness and the fword. The army, though victorious in the field, were exhaufted with fatigue. Winter was approaching, the fiege of Limerick muft in all probability have been raised, a fecond disappointment before that place would have been equal to a defeat. The fpirits of the Irifh would rise, the French encouraged by their fuccefs, would aid their allies with more effect." Macpherf. Hift. Great Britain, vol. i. p. 622.

the Irish intitled to no articles, but what would expose them to the fevereft events of war. They cenfured the lords justices and the general, as if the kingdom were betrayed, infifting that the articles ought not to be observed."

"This party-war was foon declared from the pulpit. Dr. Dopping, bishop of Meath, preaching,before the justices in Chrift-church, Dublin, the Sunday after they had returned from the camp, argued, that the peace ought not to be obferved with a people fo perfidious. This ill opinion of the Irish catholics was probably taken up from the many fcandalous libels then induftrioufly propagated, and ftill occafionally revived by their enemies, on the principles and actions of fuch of them as had been concerned in any of the different infu:rrections, anterior to, or coincident with this revolution. But befides that it has been often inconteftably proved, that these libels contain little elfe but grofs and barefaced mifrepresentations of facts, the experience of the time past should have now evinced the integrity of the conduct and principles of thefe people, beyond all reasonable doubt or fufpicion.

"But in order to obviate this (indeed) perfidious doctrine, thus folemnly delivered from the pulpit by the bishop of Meath, doctor Moreton,' bishop of Kildare, the following Sunday, fhewed the obligation of keeping the public faith. This matter became fo much the fubject of discourse, that it was neceffary to fettle people's opinions on the controverted points; and to that end, Dean Synge preached in the fame church, on these words, "keep peace with all men if it be poffible;" and moderated fo judicioufly, that no more was heard of the difpute from the pulpit; but in parliament, and council, the difference fubfifted, until the English act of refumption quieted the difputants, who then faw they loft nothing by the articles."

* Harris's Life of K. William, f. 353.

THE

5 Id. ib..