tively, from Whiskey Island. The main track to Upper Narrows is northwest of Whiskey Island Shoal. The Canadian Channel passes northwest of the Grenadier Shoal.

From the northeastern islands of the Summerland Group, a bank, with 3 feet water on it, extends northward 400 yards.

Light buoy.-A conical buoy with a skeleton superstructure, showing an occulting white light, is moored in 3 fathoms on the western edge of Whiskey Island Shoal.

Hill Island, 3 miles long, in the Province of Ontario, is situated close northwest of the northeastern portion of Wells Island and attains a height of 140 feet.

Club Island, 60 feet high and over 1,500 yards long northeast and southwest, lies in the lower entrance to Raft Narrows, and 315 yards south of the Rockport shore, the Canadian Channel here being 40 fathoms deep.

Directions, Prescott to Alexandria Bay and Rockport.-A vessel from either Prescott or Ogdensburg should keep the middle of the river for 6.9 miles to abreast of Maitland, the mid-channel course being 221° (SW. W.), when, to avoid Catamaran Shoal of 12 feet, unbuoyed, keep nearer the Canadian shore for another 3.5 miles until close to Macnair Islands. Thence a vessel should pass northwest of them and southeast of North Macnair Shoal red and black striped buoy. If not calling at Brockville, steer about 226° (SW. by W.) for the Skelton Island Light on the northeastern of the Thousand Islands, with Hillcrest red light buoy also seen through Brockville Narrows. A vessel should then pass through Brockville Narrows south of Royal Island and McDonald Point, taking care to avoid Coronation and McDonald Point Shoals on the north side of the channel, having 6 and 7 feet on them, respecttively.

Hillcrest red light buoy No. 4 T, at the upper end of the Narrows, should now be steered for, bearing about 223° (SW. W.). Pass south of this buoy, and then bring it and Skelton Island Light in range astern and steer 224° (SW. by W.) for 1 miles. On this course Cole Shoal front range light will be seen on the starboard bow and red light buoy No. 6 T almost dead ahead. The course may be altered to bring it exactly ahead, steering 223° (SW. § W.). When 300 yards past the black spar buoy, No. 3, on the 3-foot patch, change course and steer 214° (SW. W.), with Bay State Shoal red light buoy ahead, for 13 miles, passing south of both light buoy No. 6 T and a red spar buoy 500 yards southwest of the latter and northwest of the red and black striped buoy on the 8-foot patch.

The Cole Shoal range lights should now be seen in range and course should be altered to bring and keep them in range astern, steering 201° (SSW. W.). On this course Crossover Island Light should be seen 3o (a quarter of a point) on the starboard bow.

128 ALEXANDRIA BAY TO PRESCOTT-DIRECTIONS-CAUTION.

This range leads a vessel 70 yards to the westward of black spar buoy No. 5, marking a 11-foot patch, and 300 yards to the eastward of Bay State red light buoy No. 7. When well past the latter and within 500 yards of Crossover Island Light a vessel should leave the range and steer to pass between the black and the red spar buoys marking the channel at that point. When past the red spar the range may be resumed, avoiding the southern extremity of Crossover Island Shoal, and it will lead clear of all dangers to Superior Shoal black light buoy No. 11, passing 150 yards northwestward of the latter.

Or, to take further advantage of the Cole Shoal range, an alternative course 228° (SW. by W. 3 W.), may be steered from Hillcrest light buoy for 2 miles, leading closer to the Canadian shore. Cole Shoal Front Range Light will be a little on the starboard bow and red light buoy 6 T on the port bow. Steer to pass 150 yards south of the lighthouse to clear the shoal patch on which it stands, altering course to 201° (SSW. W.) to bring the range lights in range astern, and use them as heretofore directed.

Caution. On this course note that the red light buoy 6 T, and red spar, southwest of the latter, will both be passed on the port hand. From the position 150 yards northwest of Superior Shoal lightbuoy No. 11 steer 213° (SW.) for Sister Islands light open southeast of Dark Island, the breadth of the latter, the distance being nearly 4.4 miles, passing 200 yards southeast of Dark Island and 400 yards northwest of Scow Island outer shoal black spar buoy. Pass southeast of Empire Shoal light buoy and north of Sister Islands black spar buoy and lighthouse.

After clearing Sister Islands and the shoals southwestward of them, Sunken Rock Light near Alexandria Bay may be steered for, 217° (SW. W.), the distance between the two lighthouses being a little over 5 miles.

In the afternoon Sunken Rock Lighthouse is not easily seen, but an excellent mark in the same direction is the tower of the Thousand Islands Hotel, Alexandria Bay, in range with or the least bit open northwest of the right extremity of Resort Island of Excelsior Group.

Pass northwest of Sunken Rock Light and Sunken Rock Light buoy 500 yards southwest of it, and proceed to the wharves at Alexandria Bay, or continue through Upper Narrows to Lake Ontario or Kingston. (Directions given hereafter.)

If proceeding to the Canadian Channel, a vessel may steer the same 217° (SW. W.) course until 1,000 yards above Ironsides Shoal black spar buoy, or until the Rockport land opens south of Grenadier Island Light, and the latter is seen bearing 250° (W. & S.), when the shoals lying southeast of Round and Slim Islands will be passed, and she may haul westward for Grenadier Island Light.

Pass 200 yards south of Grenadier Island Light and haul a little more westward for the entrance to Raft Narrows, between Club Island and Rockport, or proceed to the pier at Rockport. (Directions Rockport to Gananoque and Kingston are given hereafter.)

Alexandria Bay to Prescott.-If from Lake Ontario, pass northwest of Broadway Shoal red and black striped buoy, and southeast of Frontenac Shoal red spar buoy 6, northwest of Sunken Rock Shoal black light buoy, and Sunken Rock Lighthouse, and steer 37° (NE. † E.) for Empire Shoal light buoy with Sister Islands Lighthouse a little on the starboard bow, distant a little over 53 miles. After passing Sister Islands haul east between Empire Shoal light buoy and Sister Islands black spar buoy.

Note. This course leads close eastward of the shoals off Poverty, Round, and Slim Islands, and westward of the shoals southwest of Sister Islands.

Rockport to Prescott.-Pass 200 yards south of Grenadier Island Light, then steer 68° (E. by N.), keeping the Rockport land a little open of Grenadier Island Light for about 2 miles until the vessel is on the line joining Sunken Rock Light and Sister Islands Light, when the Empire Shoal gas buoy may be steered for on course about 34° (NE.), passing by the main steamer track eastward of the shoals off Slim and Round Islands.

From abreast Empire Shoal light buoy, Superior Shoal light buoy at Chippewa Point should be steered for, 33° (NE.), or kept a little on the starboard bow, with Dark Island on the port bow. Proceed on this course about 4 miles, passing 400 yards northwest of Scow Island Outer Shoal black spar buoy, and 200 yards southeast of Dark Island to Superior Shoal. Pass 150 yards northwest of its light buoy and bring in range the Cole Shoal Range Lights, 21° (NNE. E.), care being taken to clear the shoal water, southeast of Crossover Light, by passing between the red and the black spar buoys marking the channel. When past the red spar buoy, resume the range for a little over 2,000 yards, or until 500 yards past black spar buoy No. 5, on the starboard hand, when steer 30° (NE. N.), with red light buoy 6 T ahead, passing north of a red and black striped spar buoy and south of a red spar. Pass south of light buoy 6 T and haul eastward for Hillcrest Shoal light red buoy at the upper entrance to Brockville Narrows, steering 42° (NE. E.) and passing north of black spar buoy No. 3.

Or, to take further advantage of the Cole Shoal range, when past Crossover Island Light, continue on the range until within 400 yards. of the front light, or when red gas buoy 6 T is on the starboard beam, when haul eastward and steer 48° (NE. by E. E.) for Hillcrest red light buoy.

130

ROCKPORT TO PRESCOTT-CAUTION.

Note. That on these courses both red light buoy 6 T and the red spar, 500 yards southwest of the latter, are kept on the starboard hand.

In these Narrows, nearly 2 miles in length, between Hillcrest Shoal light buoy and Skelton Island Light, there are only McDonald and Coronation Shoals, the former lying off and the latter 300 yards below McDonald Point, but a vessel keeping the Canadian shore below Macnair Islands in range with Skelton Island light, or midway between the islands bordering Brockville Narrows, will pass southeast of these.

Caution. To avoid passing out south of McCoy Island it is well to remember that the general down course through Brockville Narrows is about 44° (NE. by E.). Passing close south of Skelton Island light, steer to pass north of Macnair Islands and south of the red and black striped spar buoy on North Macnair Shoal.

Thence keep about the same distance from the Canadian shore, to insure passing northwestward of the unbuoyed Catamaran Shoal with 12 feet water on it, a little over 2 miles below Macnair Islands. A vessel should now keep in the middle of the river on a 41° (NE. E.) course until arriving at Prescott or Ogdensburg. Directions for continuing down the river and for entering Ogdensburg Harbor have been previously given.

CHAPTER V.

ST. LAWRENCE RIVER-ROCKPORT AND ALEXANDRIA BAY TO FALSE DUCKS ISLANDS AND STONY POINT.

Canadian Middle Channel.—This channel extends from the head of Grenadier Island, through the Raft Narrows, and Fiddlers Elbow, and on to the open water between Wolfe and Howe Islands. It has a least width of 300 feet and least depth of 20 feet, swept to 18 feet and dredged where necessary. Numerous buoys and beacons mark this channel. (Directions, Rockport to Kingston by Middle Channel are given hereafter.)

Raft Narrows Garrett Island. From Rockport the Canadian shore of the St. Lawrence trends 247° (W. by S.) 4.3 miles, to Garrett Island, the low neck at the back giving the point an insular appearance. Between Hill and Garrett Islands lies a group, 2 miles long, the cluster nearest Garrett Island being known as Sherbrooke Islands. The two largest between Garrett Island and the west part of Hill Island are named Lynedoch and Wallace Islands, the passage between them being known as Fiddlers Elbow. The channel east of the latter is named the Raft Narrows.

The north shore of Raft Narrows is bold, rising quickly to a height of 80 to 140 feet, and the water is deep close to the shore. Surveyor Island in the mouth of Bucks Bay on the north shore, 1,500 yards east of Fiddlers Elbow, with its red-roofed cottage and flagstaff, is a good mark for the channel and vessels may pass close south of it. On the south side, between Club Island and Fiddlers Elbow, there are a few cottages.

Fiddlers Elbow.-At Wood Island two channels are providedthe Fiddlers Elbow for upward bound vessels and the dredged cut south of Wood Island for downward bound vessels. From the junction of these channels, mid-channel is kept, until past Lindoe Island Light. There is a house on the northeast end of Wood Island and the southwest end is cliffy. There are several summer cottages northwest of Wood Island.

Beacon.—A pyramidal white beacon surmounted by a white drum stands on the northeast end of Wood Island.

The current in the channel southeast of Wood Island has a mean rate of about 24 knots per hour.