SPHEROIDAL TABLES, SHOWING THE LENGTH OF EACH DEGREE OF LATITUDE IN STATUTE MILES, AND OF LONGITUDE IN MINUTES OF LATITUDE OR NAUTICAL MILES UNDER EACH PARALLEL OF LATITUDE. LATITUDE LIGHTHOUSES. To find the height at which a Light should be put above the level to show a given number of miles : Multiply the number of miles by itself, and by 4, and divide the product by 7. Thus, a lamp required to show ten 55$ feet. 7) FOR ONE MAN, SCALE FOR VICTUALLING MERCHANT VESSELS AT SEA. Without Rice Tea and ead. Flour. P cas, or Mol: Salted Salted Salted | Salted Coffee. Sugar. Mustard. Vinegar. Tobacco. Barley Pint, 1 Lime Juice. Water. Days. Gall. oz. per week. I OZ, per day when crew have been on salt provisions 10 days. 134 SUBSTITUTES. Cocoa, or * oz. Tea. equal to | Ib. Beef. Flour equal 15 cot 30 13 1 20 103 120 17 15 105 210 240 17 120 270 270 19 113 129 145 161 177 193 3 others to the 300 300 330 , 21 135 150 165 | 180 24 e DIETARY SCALE (WITH FRESH BEEF) FOR CREW. THE VICTUALLING OF SHIPS. (THOMAS GRAY, ESQ., C.B.) I. Scurvy has been on the increase in British ships since 1873. 2. Lime-juice, of itself, will not prevent scurvy, and too much reliance is placed on it, to the neglect of varied food scales. 3. Lime-juice, in connection with fresh or preserved meat and vegetables, may prevent scurvy. 4. The dietary scale of ships should therefore include a fair proportion of fresh and “preserved" meats, as distinguished from “salted ” meats. 5. More fresh vegetables should be carried, notably raw potatoes. No satisfactory reason is given why fresh potatoes cannot be carried on board British ships. The allegation that they will not keep good on board ship is clearly disproved by the fact that they do keep on board United States ships, and will keep for a fair time anywhere else. 6. It is not at present desirable to insert a statutory scale of diet in the articles of agreements with crews serving on long voyages ; though it may possibly be necessary hereafter, unless the shipowners themselves move in the matter, LIST OF PORTS AND PLACES WHERE SHIPS ARE SWUNG. Names of Firms at each Port who arrange for Adjustment of Ships' Compasses for Deviation. ABERDEEN. Berry & Mackay, Marischall-st., Aberdeen. In Bay. BRISTOL. W. Langford & Son, 53, Broad Quay, Bristol. In Dock or in King Roads GT. YARM'TH. Mayston & Son, South Quay, Gt. Yarmouth. In Roads, Day & Hawkins, Broad Quay, , CRIMSBY, C.H. Bogen, Hamilton-st., NewClee, G.Grimsby At Sea or in Roads. POOLS'AP , Chants MIDDLESBRI. Fokeng e Prais. Kistada - Latari Kwenye * Salento in alie magtrate Shima Glouclier czy Balenye THE VICTUALLING OF SHIPS. (THOMAS GRAY, ESQ., C.B.) 1. Scurvy has been on the increase in British ships since 1873. 2. Lime-juice, of itself, will not prevent scurvy, and too much reliance is placed on it, to the neglect of varied food scales. 3. Lime-juice, in connection with fresh or preserved meat and vegetables, may prevent scurvy. 4. The dietary scale of ships should therefore include a fair proportion of fresh and “preserved ” meats, as distinguished from “salted” 'meats. 5. More fresh vegetables should be carried, notably raw potatoes. No satisfactory reason is given why fresh potatoes cannot be carried on board British ships. The allegation that they will not keep good on board ship is clearly disproved by the fact that they do keep on board United States ships, and will keep for a fair time anywhere else. 6. It is not at present desirable to insert" a statutory scale of diet in the articles of agreements with crews serving on long voyages ; though it may possibly be necessary hereafter, unless the shipowners themselves move in the matter. LIST OF PORTS AND PLACES WHERE SHIPS ARE SWUNG. Names of Firms at each Port who arrange for Adjustment of Ships' Compasses for Deviation. ABERDEEN. Berry & Mackay, Marischall-st., Aberdeen. In Bay. S. D. Neill, Donegal-place, BRISTOL. W. Langford & Son, 53, Broad Quay, Bristol. In Dock or in King Roads 19 |