to 11ft,

24s; II to 12ft, 2 85; 12 to 13ft, £2 15s, and 5/ extra per ft to 21; 21ft and upwards, £5. Into Princess Royal Harb., including navigation of the Sound, and vice versa, under 8ft £2; 8 to 9ft £2 5s, and 5/- extra per ft to 19; 19 to 20ft £5 125; 20 to 21ft 5 185; 21ft and upwards £6 6s.

ALEXANDRETTA, Syria. Lat. 36° 35' 40" N; long. 36° 9′ 5′′ E. Pop. 5,000. Tr.-I. Corn, rice, salt, and European goods; E. Cotton, galls, silk. Charges. Port charges on a vessel of 292 tons, £2 18s. 6d. ALEXANDRIA, Egypt. Lat. 31° 12' N; long. 29° 51′ E. Pop. about 230,000. Tr.-I. Cotton goods, coal, woollen and silk goods, timber, tobacco and cigars, hardware and haberdashery; E. Corn, cotton, wool, gum, soda, rice, dates, senna, feathers, hides, cotton seed, manufactured goods, rags, onions, lentils, and cigarettes. Accn. An excellent harb. with an area of 700 acres. The Boghaz or central pass is deep enough for vessels of 244ft dft. A floating dock capable of taking a vessel of 4,000 tons, and a graving dock 285ft in length. Charges. Tonnage dues: Cargo, entering or clearing, 1 piastre tariff (3*69d) per ton; in ballast 30 paras (185d) per ton. Pilotage. The pilotage is fixed at 32/, a reduction of 1/6 being made in favour of the mail-boats. Towage. On a vessel of 338 reg. tons, coals in, drawing 15ft, cotton seed out 14ft: towage to berth £2.

ALEXANDRIA, U.S. Lat. 38° 49' N ; long. 77° 18′ W. Pop. about 16,000. Accn. Vessels of 20ft dft. can safely go into port. There is 16ft of water alongside wharves. The trade is almost exclusively confined to coasters.

ALGIERS, Africa. Lat. 36° 47′ 20′′ N ; long. 3° 4' 32" E. Pop. 80,000. Tr.-I. Wine, coal, lumber, machinery, breadstuffs, sugar, manufactured goods, &c. ; E. Hides olive oil, wool, tobacco, tan-bark, &c. Accn. Two graving docks, the only ones in the colony. The first is capable of holding the largest man-of-war in the French navy. The second is intended for smaller vessels. Charges. On a vessel of 200 reg. tons in and out £5. Pilotage. On a vessel of 199 reg. tons, coals in and ballast out, in and out 1 6s 6d. Eng. Brokers. Bergeret, Cherfils, Crispe, Sarrazin.

ALGOA BAY (Port Elizabeth), Africa. Lat. 33° 0′ 40′′S; long. 27° 53' E. Tr.-I. General; E. Wool, skins, hides, angora hair, cotton, linseed, diamonds, horns, ivory, feathers, aloes. Accn. Inner anchorage in 6 fms, outer anchorage for large vessels in 8 fms. Pilotage. Inwards for vessel of 600 tons, £3 35. (Pilotage not requisite.)

ALICANTE, Spain. Lat. 38° 21′ N; long. 0° 26' W. Pop. About 38,000. Tr.-I. Coal, railway materials, spirit for strengthening wine, petroleum, codfish, tobacco, staves, &c.; E. Wine, leid, almonds, liquorice root, old railway iron, &c. Accn. Vessels drawing 18ft can discharge alongside mole. Charges. On a vessel carrying 600 tons of coal about £60. Pilotage. Compulsory entering port, payment on graduated scale, according to tonnage. Vessels 301 to 400 tons 16/8.

ALLEPPY, India. Lat. 9° 30' N; long. 76° 20' E. Pop. 30,000. Tr.-E. Cocoanut oil, matting, timber, turmeric, mats, flour, coffee, pepper, arrowroot, croton seed, wood, &c. Accn. The anchorage is from 3 to 4 fms, soft mud bottom. There is an iron pier 700ft long. Charges. Port dues 1d ton.

Vessels entering and leaving within 7 days without discharging or loading cargo or passengers pay only half port dues; those entering in ballast pay three-fourths.

ALMERIA, Spain. Lat. 36° 51' N; long, 2° 32′ W._ Pop. 45,000. Vessels arrive from all parts. Tr.-I. Coal, coke, and machinery from England, staves from America, timber from Norway, &c. ; E. Minerals, esparto, and grapes packed in barrels, of which 800,000 barrels are exported annually. Accn The mole now extends about 900 yds, making a safe port, where vessels of all sizes can enter and load. Expenses moderate. Pilotage. Inwards, when required 10/21 to £1 55. Mooring in tier when required from 4/2 to 12/6, according to tonnage. ALTONA, Germany. Lat. 53° 33′ N; long. 9° 58′ E. Pop. About 80,000. Accn. Vessels of 14ft dft. can those of 18ft at ST. There is a Altona is a free port, and enjoys Pilotage and Towage. Same

reach the town at all times, and floating dry dock 138ft. in length. most of the privileges of Hamburg. as Hamburg. AMOY, China. Lat. 24° 10' N; long. 118° 10' E. Pop. 300,000. Tr.--I. Cotton and woollen manufactures, metals, opium, stockfish, woods, mangrove, bark, bean cake, beans, Straits produce, &c.; E. Crockeryware, tea, sugar, sugar-candy, paper, tobacco, grass cloth, alum, gold-leaf, wheat, peas. Accn. The harb. is well sheltered, and can receive vessels of the largest dft. There are three dry docks, 310ft, 245ft, and 185ft in length respectively. Charges. Tonnage dues for vessels over 150 tons 2/ ton. No other charges on vessels. Pilotage. Licensed pilots here; no rates given.

AMSTERDAM, Holland. Lat. 52° 22′ 17′′ N; long. 4° 53′ 15" E. Pop. 396,000. THW. f. and c. 3h. Tr.-I. Sugar, coffee, petroleum, spices, tobacco, cotton, tea, indigo, cochineal, liquors, wool, grain, timber, naval stores, hides, coal, manufactured goods, &c.; E. Produce of Holland and part of her possessions in the East and West Indies. Accn. A spacious and secure harb.; the largest ships come close up to the quays and warehouses. Entrance to harbour by North Sea Canal from Ymuiden, the depth of canal and of larger docks being 24ft. Ample repairing facilities, there being 4 floating dry docks for vessels of 13ft dft, 1 for vessels of 17ft dft, and 2 for vessels of 18ft dft. Charges. On a sailing ship of 1,000 reg. tons, loaded inward and ballast outward, 105 in summer, £116 in winter; steamer of 1,000 reg. tons do., £60 in summer, £66 in winter. Pilotage. On sailing vessel of 1,000 tons net reg. Inward, loaded, from Dungeness or North Sea 19ft, summer £7 12s, ditto winter (October to March) £9 16s 3d. Outwards from Amsterdam to sea, 14ft, summer in ballast £1 15s 7d, winter loaded £2 15, ditto 19ft in ballast, summer 5 10s 8d, winter loaded £6 Is 6d. Towage. On sailing vessel of 1,000 tons net reg. :-Inwards, loaded, sea to Ymuiden 5 75 8d; ditto pierhead to Ymuiden £3 Is 9d; ditto Ymuiden to Amsterdam £6 8s. Outwards :-Amsterdam to Ymuiden in ballast £5 2s 3d, loaded £6 8s; Ymuiden to sea ditto £3 Is 9d, ditto £3 Is 9d; Ymuiden to pierhead ditto £29s 10d, ditto 2 9s 10d.

ANCONA, Italy. Lat. 43° 37' 42" N; long. 13° 30′ 35′′ E. Pop. About 46,000. Tr.-I. Coal, iron, sugar, petroleum, fish, and grain; E. Cereals, hides, fruit, and sulphur. Accn.

SHIPPING WORLD

A harb. sufficiently capacious to receive vessels of large tonnage, drawing 24ft of water. Vessels drawing 17 to 19ft of water may discharge alongside quay or projecting mole. Charges. Disbursements of a vessel of 213 tons, about £26. Pilotage. 70 francs for any vessel of 600 tons and upwards. Not compulsory.

ANGOSTURA, Venezuela. Lat. 8° 8' ro" N; long. 63° 55' 20" W. Pop. 10,000. Tr.-E. Cotton, tobacco; I. Manufactured goods. Accn. Vessels of 1oft dft. can reach the town at all times; vessels of 16ft dft. at ST. Sailing impracticable during rainy season. Vessels can come alongside quays when the river is high. Charges. Port charges about £3. No tonnage, pilot and light dues.

ANNAPOLIS, Maryland, U.S. Lat. 38° 59' N; long. 76° 29′ W. Tr.-Almost wholly confined to Chesapeake Bay. Accn. Vessels drawing 20ft of water can anchor in the river, and those of 12ft dft. can lie alongside the wharves. Annapolis is 28 miles SSE. of Baltimore. No port charges. Towage. See Baltimore.

ANTOFAGASTA, Chili. Lat. 23° 41' S; long. 70° 25′ W. Pop. About 6,000. Tr.-E. Nitrate of silver and ores. Accn. The best anchorage is in about 12 fms of water. The bottom is very uneven and rocky; the shackles of mooring anchors should therefore be well fastened by wooden keys or pins, so as to prevent unshackling by the constant knocking on the bottom. Many vessels have lost their anchors at this port owing to the unshackling of the chain. Charges. Port dues are light. Pilotage. Pilotage is not compulsory, but vessels arriving with cargo generally engage a pilot. For rates see Valparaiso. Towage. For ships loaded giving them offing: 150 to 1,000 tons reg. 1 Ios to £5, over 1,000 tons reg. conventional; ships in ballast 150 to 1,000 tons reg. £1 to £4 10s, over 1,000 tons conventional; taking ships from moorings to single anchorage 150 to 1,500 tons 12/ to £210s, over 1,000 tons conventional; towage in to moorings from 12/ to £3 10s according to tonnage.

ANTWERP, Belgium. Lat. 51° 13′ N; long. 4° 24' E. Pop. 208,000. THW. 4h 25m; sp. rise 15ft. Tr.I. Cotton, sugar, coffee, hides, grain, wool, indigo, dye-woods, spices, guano, tobacco, and petroleum; E. Coal, railway, bar and other iron, arms of various kinds, glass, flax, grain, marble, and manufactured goods. Accn. Eleven floating docks, four large docks for lighters and small craft. Total water surface of the docks about 70,000 sq ft. Width of actual gates 78 ft. Vessels of 28tt dft. can moor alongside the new quays. In the nine new docks about 21ft; in the two old docks about 18ft 9in. Graving docks, &c.: Six dry docks belonging to the town, and four private dry docks. Antwerp is the chief port of Belgium. Charges. Discharging and loading from 3d to 1/ according to cargo. Port charges for steamers of 1,000 tons (Belgian measurement) about £70. Pilotage. Minimum 9ft 8in dft. :—

Summer.
April 1 to

Sept. 30.
£ s. d.

1 16 4
1 14 14

Winter. Oct. 1 to March 31. Ls. d.

E 8 5

2 5 8

6 11

From Flushing to Antwerp, or vice versa, sailing 2

100

Towage. Varies from £12 for
APENRADE, Germany.

200 tons to £50 for 2,000 tons. Lat. 55° 2' 57" N; long. 9° 26' 38" E. Tr.-I. Timber and coals. Accn. Vessels drawing 16ft may safely lie alongside quays. No dry dock, but wooden vessels can be repaired. Charges. Port charges for ship of 200 tons about 12 10s. Pilotage according to agreement. Tonnage. Vessels over 85 cub. metres loaded 2d, ballast inwards and outwards.

d

APIA, Upolu Island, Samoan Group. Lat. 13° 49′ 44′′ S.; long. 171° 44′ W. THW. f. and c. 6h 28m. Anchorage for vessels of largest size. Sp. rise 4ft. The harb. in which several American and German war vessels were lost March 15, 1889, and from which H. M. Calliopo escaped.

ARCHANGEL, Russia. Lat. 64° 33' N; long. 40° 33' E. Pop. 20,000. THW. 7h 28m; Sp. rise 2ft only. Tr.-I. Coal, coffee, tea, spices, lead, oil, sugar, logwood, salt, wine, furs, fish, fruit, and hardware; E. Oats, rye, linseed, deals, flax, tow, mats, oil, pitch, train oil, and tar. Accn. The channel has a depth of 14ft, and there are 16ft to 18ft of water on the bar. Charges. On a vessel of 289 tons £45 Is 6d. Pilotage. 3,7 foot. Pilotage is obligatory, and charged whether a pilot is taken or not. Towage. 13 to 16 5s from the port to the sea. ARENDAL, Norway. Lat. 58° 27′ 30′′ N; long, 8° 47′ 29′′ E. Tr.-E. Timber and sawn wood, also small quantities of copper, iron, and lobsters. Accn. The harb. has from 8 to 20 fms of water. Charges. On vessel of 291 tons, dft. 161ft, about £46 10s. Towage. Charges moderate. ARGOSTOLI, Greece. Lat. 38° 11' 36" N; long. 20° 29′ 30′′ E. Pop. About 6,000. Accn. Anchorage in 3 to 12 fms close to the town. The principal port in the island of Cephalonia. Charges. Vessels with cargo to discharge or load pay id reg. ton; load and discharge 1d; in ballast, exempt within eight days, if over, ad ton; light dues 5d ton, all with 15% added. Quay dues id on vessels over 10 tons.

Pop. 4,500.

AUCKLAND, New Zealand. Lat. 36° 50' 5" S; long. 174° 49' 10" E. Pop. 21,000. Tr.-I. English and American manufactured goods, soft goods, groceries, oilmen's stores, ship chandlery, ironmongery, &c.; E. Gold, timber in spars and sawn, gum, flax, wool, oil, hides, tallow, rope, &c. Accn. There are two extensive wharves. Anchorage in 4 to 8 fms, 4 to 5 cable lengths off the city. The wharves have a depth alongside of from 12ft to 20ft at low water. The range of tide is from 7ft to 11ft. A graving dock 310ft in length, and another in course of construction 500ft in length. Charges. Stone ballast taken from the wharf 4/ton; sand 3/ ton; water 4/ ton; lighterage about 3/ ton; wharfage td gross reg. ton per day, Sundays excepted. Pilotage. For every sailing vessel from places outside of Hauraki Gulf, and not

SHIPPING WORLD

exempted, 3d ton; for every sailing vessel to places outside of Hauraki Gulf, and not exempted, 3d ton; for every steam vessel from places outside of Hauraki Gulf, and not exempted, 2d ton; for every vessel to places outside of Hauraki Gulf, and not exempted, 2d ton. Towage. There are no proper steamtugs, the largest of vessels working in and out of harb. with the tide; but small river steamers occasionally (in calm weather) tow, according to agreement. AVEIRO, Portugal. Lat. 40° 38′ 34′′ N; long. 8° 43′ W. Pop. About 7,500. Tr.-I. Coal, coke, iron, &c.; E. Oil, wine, oysters, sardines, oranges, salt herrings, anchovies, and copper ore. Accn. There is on bar from 12 to 13ft of water at HST. and 1oft at HWNT. No vessel drawing more than 11ft should charter for this port. Charges. On a vessel of about 50 tons, in and out 13 8s 6d. Pilotage. On a vessel of 491ft Sin, cargo in and out:-In, with boat manned by 9 men £1 155 6d; in river, mooring vessel 14/6; unmooring vessel and going down to bar 14/6; out, with two boats manned by 18 men £2 14s.

"BAHIA, Brazil. Lat. 13° S; long. 38° 30' W. Pop. 130,000. Tr.-I. Manufactured articles, coals, fish, flour, salt, iron, glass, wines; E. Sugar, cotton, rum, tobacco, coffee, cocoa, dyes, fancy woods, hides, cigars, rice, tapioca, diamonds, bullion, &c. Accn. The bay has a depth from 6 to 24 fms. A patent slip for small vessels. Charges. Port charges and disbursements on a vessel of 320 reg. tons £280. Pilotage. There are no pilots at this port. Towage. On barque of 320 reg. tons discharging coal and loading sugar, shifting berth twice £375 6d.

BAHIA BLANCA, Argentine Rep. Lat. 38° 47' S; long. 62° 15' W. Pop. 66,000. Accn. A fine wharf, minimum depth of water at the pier from 23 to 25 ft, generally much higher. Vessels drawing 18ft can reach Napoota Grande. Charges. Port charges on vessels of 555 tons with 881 tons coal about £67. Pilotage according to dft. of water and distance, from £6 to £10.

BALTIMORE, U.S. Lat. 39° 45' N ; long. 76° 25' W. Pop. Over 417,000. Tr.-I. Coffee, tin-plates, pigiron, iron-ore, salt, chemicals, and tropical fruits; E. Wheat, flour, maize, cotton, petroleum, tobacco, bacon, lard, coal, rosin, and live cattle. Accn. Baltimore has channels 300ft wide and 27ft deep. Four docks. Vessels drawing from 19 to 22ft can lie safely alongside the wharves. Vessels of 24ft dft. can reach Baltimore without lightening at LW. One dry dock, 504ft long, for large vessels, and several slips or marine railways. Baltimore is the only

port of importance in Maryland, with the exception of Annapolis. Charges. Wharfage: vessels less than 400 tons 5/2; from 400 to 600 tons 6/3; 600 to 800 tons 7/3; 800 and upwards 8/4 day. Pilotage. From Cape Henry to Baltimore, and vice versa, vessels drawing 15ft and over 21/13, 12 to 15ft. 16/11, less than 12ft, 14/9 foot. If pilots are detained on board they are allowed 12/8 day extra. Towage. From Baltimore to Annapolis and vice versa, for a vessel of 19 to 20ft dft. £8 9s 2d to £10 11s 5d. Vessels of smaller dft. £6 6s 10дd to £8 9s 2d. Masters should always contract with the tug to place them at the wharf, otherwise they are left in the stream, and it costs £1 Is 13d to £2 28 34d to place them at the wharf. Vessels are sometimes towed from Cape Henry to Baltimore and vice versa; this costs from £31 145 44d to £42 5s 1od according to size of vessel.