Arm to the Port, not ex. 200 tons £2, every ton above 2d. Towage out, the same rates. When two or more vessels are towed the rates are reduced. PORT ALFRED, Africa. Lat. 33° 36′ 9′′ S ; long. 26° 54′ 10′′ E. Accn. A vessel of 12ft dft. has entered. There is 8ft on the bar at LW. Pilotage. In or out, 1/6 foot. Towage. Under 50 reg. tons £4; 50 tons and under 75, £5; 75 and under 100, £6; 100 and under 150 £7 10s; 150 and under 200, £9; and for every additional 50 tons or any portion thereof £2 10s. Towage of vessels from St. Mary's Cove to Barrington's Cove or vice versa £1 10s; for passengers crossing the bar in the steamtug when visiting vessels at the outer anchorage, each 5s; hire of steamtug per day 10.

PORT AU PRINCE, Hayti. Lat. 18° 33′ 0′′N; long. 72° 19'46" W. Pop. About 27,000. Tr.Principal E. Coffee, cocoa, logwood, and mahogany. Accn. A small basin running north, end of city, called Inner Harb., with 4 to 5 fms of water. Pilotage. From 16/8 in and 8/4 out for vessels from 50 to 100 tons, to £3 6s 8d in and £1 13s 4d out for vessels from 301 to 400 tons; above 400 tons £2 Is 8d out. PORT AUGUSTA, South Australia.

Lat. 32° 29′ 49′′ S; long. 137° 47' 28" E; 240 miles NW. from Adelaide. Tr.-E. Wheat, flour, copper, wool, and tallow. Accn. The best anchorage is in about 6 fms; OSp. rise from 9 to 12ft. Charges. Light dues from U.K. 8d ton in and out, mooring dues for every vessel above 500 tons £3. Expenses of a vessel 500 tons £4 35 4d at Id ton in, and same out. Use of Government moorings 2/ day. Pilotage. From Port Augusta to Point Lowly and vice versa, £6. Every ton above 200, Id. Towage. Between Port Augusta and Two Hummock Point (23 miles), 200 tons £8, and 6d each additional ton; to Point Lowly (17 miles further), one-half of the above; additional to Commissary Point (10 miles) one-fourth off; to Douglas Bank (28 miles) one-fourth additional. These rates are for fair weather, and exclusive of the use of hawser.

PORT DARWIN, Queensland. Lat. 12° 28' 28" S; long. 130° 52′ E. Accn. The harb. is suitable for vessels of the largest tonnage, having deep water. No port charges. PÖRT DENISON, Queensland. Lat. 20° 0' 50" S; long. 148° 17′ 51′′ E. Tr.-E. Wool, tallow, hides, gold, sheep, skins, &c. Accn. There are two channels leading into the harb.; the south with 22ft at LWST.; the north with 14ft; rise of tide 5 to 11ft. Inside the harb. the depth at LWST. is from 10 to 26ft. Vessels drawing 16 to 17ft come alongside the jetty to discharge. Pilotage. 4d ton, minimum 1 10s. Foreign-going steamships (not being intercolonial trade vessels) whilst on a foreign voyage, but not carrying cargo coastwise, are allowed a remission of the customary pilotage dues, except in respect of an amount equal to 1/ ton on all cargo landed and shipped. PORT DUNEDIN.-See Otago Harbour.

PORT ELIZABETH, Africa.-See Algoa Bay. PORT ELLIOTT, VICTOR, & ROSETTA HARBOURS, South Australia. Lat. 35° 34' S; long. 138° 39' E. Tr.-I. Fencing wire, coal, timber, potatoes, groceries, ironmongery, and general goods used by settlers; E.

SHIPPING WORLD

Wool, copper, bark, wheat, flour, hides, tallow, honey. Accn. There are heavy moorings for three vessels in depths varying from 94ft in shore to 194ft seaward. Additional moorings have also been placed, affording accn. for five vessels. The outer berth has 30ft, middle 33ft, and inner berth 18ft at OLWST. Charges. Expenses of a ship 1,038 reg. tons £45 Is 8d. Pilotage. Vessels of 100 to 200 tons £2 in, and the same out, every ton above 200, d ton in and out. For every foot or part of a foot dft. above 9ft, in or out, 10/.

PORT JACKSON, Sydney, N.S.W. Lat. 33° 54'S; long. 151 11" E. Pop. 333,000. Tr.-I. Wines, spirits, manufactured goods, wearing apparel, hardware, earthenware, saddlery, books, stationery, carriages, ten, sugar; E. Wool, tallow, hides, felts, horns, hoofs, bones, leather, gold, copper, copper ore, tin, tin ore, shale, and pearl shell. Accn. At Sydney there is staging with shipping accommodation in from 12 to 26ft at LW. There are also berths where vessels can discharge their cargoes without staging, by lying alongside the wharf with plenty of water. Vessels of 27ft dft. at LWST. or 32ft at HW. can, in fine weather, cross the bar. Sydney is about 4 miles from the bar. Dry dock, two graving docks, and patent slip. Charges. Harb. dues: Vessels under 300 tons 20/, and 5/ additional for every 100 tons up to 1,000, over 1,000, £3. Expenses of an American vessel of 1,200 tons loading 1,400,208 lbs. of wool and 1,000 casks of tallow, including commissions and expense on inward cargo, £1,300. Pilotage. 4d ton in and out. Pilots detained in quarantine £1 per day, 8/ of which will be charged to the vessel. Towage. To or from sea, under 150 tons £2 105, removals 15/; 150 tons and under 200, £3, removals 1 Is; 200 and under 250, £3 10s, removals 1 Is; 250 and under 300, £4 4s, removals LI 10s; 300 and under 400, £4 10s, removals 1 10s; 400 and above, to and from sea 8d ton, one way бd ton. For one removal in or out from wharf, in addition to each sea towage, no extra charge is made. Vessels can tow from Sydney to Newcastle by special arrangement-say from £25 for a vessel of 250 tons, up to £60 for vessels of 1,200 tons to 2,000 tons. The lump sum in these cases includes all removals and outward sea towages when laden. PORT LOUIS, Mauritius. Lat. 20° 10' 0" S; long. 57° 30' 0" E. Pop. 75,000. Tr.-I. Provisions, cotton stuffs, iron, rice, hardware, cutlery, machinery, copper, linens, wine, coals, guano, &c.; E. sugar, rum, molasses, ebony, vanilla, cocoanut oil, &c. Accn. The harb. can be entered by the largest ships. Three dry docks, 318ft, 318ft, and 378ft in length, and slip for vessels up to 350 tons. Charges. On barque of 364 tons for 19 days £31 10s. Pilotage. Vessels remaining at the Bell Buoy 2/6 foot; vessels entering the harb., pilotage inwards, and mooring 5/ foot; outwards and unmooring 5/ foot. Vessels under 100 tons burthen entering the harb. are not required to take a pilot. Towage. By port office steamer, inwards or outwards :Under 100 tons £3; 100 to 150, £4; 150 to 200, 5; 200 to 400, 6d ton; above 400 each additional 100 tons £1.

PORT LYTTELTON, New Zealand. Lat. 43° 35' 32" S; long. 172° 49' 30" E. Accn. Vessels of 24ft dft. of water can moor alongside the jetties and discharge direct into the railway trucks. Charges. Light dues 2d ton. Pilotage. (Compulsory) 3d per reg. ton.

PORT MOODY, Brit. Col. Lat. 49° 18' N ; long. 122° 46' W. Tr.-I. Railway material; E. Lumber, shingles, &c. Accn. A wharf and a large wooden structure 1,370ft in length, and in breadth at the centre 153ft. The lowest depth of water along the wharf at all stages of the tide is 26ft, save only near the shore extremities. Pilotage. (Compulsory) under 10ft 12/6 foot 1oft, and over 16/8 foot. Towage. From and to Royal roads 15/ to 20/.

PORT NATAL, Africa. Lat. 29° 52′ 48′′ S; long 31° 2′ 49′′ E. Tr.-E. Wool, ivory, cotton, sugar, arrowroot, ostrich feathers, beans, maize, hides, horns, salt beef, &c. Accn. Depth in inner harb. 12 to 18ft LWST. Av. depth on the bar leading to inner harb. HWST 18ft, NT. 17ft. No vessel should attempt to cross the bar without a pilot. Pilotage (compulsory). Vessels entering and sailing out of the harb. as follows:-From 100 to 200 tons £3; 200 to 300, 4; 300 to 500, £5. Vessels in ballast to pay half these rates. Pilots attending to shift berths in harb., a fee equivalent to half the rates on the scale. If pilot remains on board, 10/ per day, with board and accommodation free of charge. Towage. In and out of harb. from and to outer anchorage as follows:-Under 150 tons £10; from 150 to 200, £12; 250 to 300, £14; above 300, £15; in stormy weather an extra charge of £2 is made within the outer anchorage, or a circle of 11 fathoms of water around it, for vessels up to 200 tons, and 1/ ton for each ton over, in moderate weather a charge of £4 mile, and in blowing weather of £6 mile for towing beyond anchorage; when goods are taken on board the tug, 7/6 ton is charged; for towing lighters in or out, £4 for one lighter for each trip, and 10s for each additional lighter; any detention of the tug by ships, passengers or boats, over one hour, £3 for each hour entered on.

PORT NOLLOTH, Africa. Lat. 29° 15' 50" S; long. 16° 52' 20" E. Tr.-I. Manchester goods, silks, woollens, hardware, groceries; E. Hides, skins, copper ore, ostrich feathers, horns, &c. Accn. A pier with 11ft at end. At LW. vessels of 8ft dft. only can enter. Pilotage. Over the bar, 1 Is. Towage. Cape Copper Mining Co., Ld., have a

small tug. PORT OLIVIERI, Turkey: Tr.-E. Oil, pine, timber, silk, grapes, figs, cotton, and pitch. Accn. Only a cable broad in parts of the entrance, and is only suitable for vessels of 11ft dft. On the SE. coast; is the principal harb. in the island. Pilotage. On a vessel of 133 reg. tons, empty casks in and cargo of olive oil out, in and out £1 Is 8d.

PORT PHILIP, Victoria. Lat. 37° 49′ 5′′ S; long. 144° 58' 35" E. Accn. The least depth of water in the fairway channel to Port Philip is 27ft. Charges. Port dues 1/ ton once every six months. Charges and dues on a vessel 1,199 reg. tons with 1,000 tons of cargo £451 6s.

PORT ROYAL, U.S. Lat. 32° 15′ N; long. 80° 40′ W. Pop. 500. Tr.-I. Salt and manufactured fertilisers; E. Cotton, cotton seed, timber, lumber, phosphate rock, and manganese ore. Accn: Vessels drawing 22ft can enter the harb. at NT. and moor alongside wharves. Charges. Harb. master's fees 12/6 per vessel. Pilotage. Same as Beaufort. Towage. Same as Beaufort.

PORT SAID, Egypt. Lat. 31° 15′ 35′′ N; long. 32° 19' 20" E. Pop. About 8,000. Tr.-I. Mainly coals, provisions, and chandlery; E. Cotton and cotton seeds, with occasional lots of East India goods in transit. Accn. An artificial harb. well sheltered by breakwaters, and with a sufficient depth of water for the largest ships. Charges. On a vessel of 547 tons about £43. Pilotage. On a steamer of 547 reg. tons entering with cargo of 808 tons coal, drawing 163ft aft. and 15ft forward, harb. dues and pilotage 3 14s 3d. Towage. On vessel of 1,000 tons about £20. PORT VENDRE, France. Lat. 42° 30' 59" N; long. 3° 7' 24" E. Pop: About 2,100. Accn. The least depth close to the quays is 16ft, with an average of 22ft. Towage. Same as Marseilles.

PORTLAND, Me. U.S. Lat. 43° 27′ 32′′ N ; long. 70° 12′ 9′′ W. Pop. About 40,000. Tr.-E. Wheat, peas, flour, pork, lard, lumber, &c. Accn. Has a large, deep, and wellsheltered harb.; vessels of the largest class enter; ships come up to lower wharves drawing 20ft at LW. Two dry docks. Charges. On a vessel of 1,050 tons reg., ballast in, lumber out, £200. Pilotage. Pilotage not compulsory. The usual rate is about 8/4 ft, except when an agreement is made, which can be done for 4/2 ft, or even less. Towage. Rates low.

PORTO MULA, Crab Island, W.I. Pop. About 1,100. Accn. Harb. formed by two reefs extending about three-quarters of a mile. Vessels of 16ft dft. can enter the harb. Porto Mula is situated on the north coast of the island. PORTO TORRES, Italy. Lat. 40° 50′ N; long. 8° 24′ E. Pop. About 1,500. Tr.-E. Oil, wine, cereals, skins, and cattle, the latter almost exclusively to Marseilles. Accn. Depth of water sufficient for vessels up to 350 tons. Charges. On vessel of 200 tons about £10. Pilotage. 2 7s 6d, including mooring.

PORTSMOUTH, U.S. Lat. 43° 4′ 35′′ N; long. 70° 45′ 50′′ W. Pop. About 13,000. Tr.-I. Salt, coal, general merchandise; E. Bricks, lumber, hay, apples, potatoes. Accn. At majority of wharves from 20 to 24ft LW; a naval station. Pilotage. Vessels under 12ft dft. 4/4 foot; between 12 and 15ft, 5/5, and over 15ft, 6/8 foot. No compulsory pilotage. Towage. In or out, between 500 and 1,000 tons 10 11s 51d, under 500 tons £6 6s 10ld.

PROGRESO, Yucatan. Lat. 21° 17' N ; long. 89° 39′ W. Tr.-E. Hemp, hides, hair. Accn. 10ft of water at pier HT. Charges. Light dues; sailing vessels £5 2s 6d, steamers £10 5s; no charge if arriving in ballast and loading here.

PRÖVIDENCE, U.S. Lat. 41° 49′N; long, 71° 24′ W. Pop. 70,000. Tr.-I. Cotton, lumber, coal, salt, dyewoods, chemicals, iron, wood, &c. Accn. Vessels of 900 tons can safely enter, and come close to the wharves. Two dry docks. Charges. On a brig of 247 tons, cargo in and ballast out, 120. Pilotage. On a brig 247 reg. tons cargo in and ballast out, in 14ft, £4 11s 34d; out 14ft, £2 17s old. Towage. On a brig 247 reg. tons, cargo in and ballast out, in £2 10s 9d, to New York through the sound £52 178 34d.

PUERTO CABELLO, Venezuela. 68° oo' W.

Lat, 10° 30' N; long. Pop. 8,000. Tr.-E.

Cedar, mahogany, ore, coffee, cotton, cocoa, indigo, hides, deer skins, and fustic. Accn. There are quays alongside which vessels can load. There is sufficient water for the largest class of vessels. Charges. On vessel 271 tons general cargo 17 6s 7d. Light dues 3d ton. Wharfage id ton daily.

PUERTO CORTES, Honduras. Lat. 15° 51' N; long. 87° 56′ W. Pop. 1,000. Tr.-I. From England cotton, woollen, linen, and silk goods, liquors, wines, hardware, &c.; from U.S. lumber, provisions, cotton goods, and hardware; E. Hides, deer skins, sarsaparilla, indiarubber, cattle, horses and mules, gold, mahogany and cedar, bananas, &c. Accn. A fine spacious harb. with good anchorage in 6 to 9 fms. Charges. On steamers, £6. On sailing vessels; tonnage dues (25 cents.) I per ton in addition to £6 for agent's and customs charges. Steamers pay no tonnage dues, neither do sailing vessels, in ballast. Pilotage. As per agreement.

PUERTO DE PLATA, Hayti. Lat. 19° 46′ N; long. 70° 38' W. Pop. 3,000. Tr.-I. Flour, codfish, lard, petroleum, lumber, &c.; E. Hides, honey, sugar, mahogany, and lignum vitæ. Accn. Vessels drawing 12ft anchor about a quarter of a mile from the head of the harb., and vessels of larger dft. farther out, in about 5 fms. Charges. On steamer of 937 reg. tons, 3 days £148 17s 7d. Tonnage dues 4/2 ton. Sailing vessels about same as steamers. Pilotage. On a vessel of 177 reg. tons entering at Puerto Plata and proceeding to Cabarete to load mahogany £24s 3d; to and from Cabarete £7 5s 10d. Towage. On a vessel of 177 reg. tons £2 Is 8d.

PUERTO JOBOS, W.I. Lat. 17° 50' N; long. 66° 14′ W. Accn. A fine landlocked harb. ; 3 to 34 fms. in the harb.; rise of tide about 2ft. Charges. On a vessel of 250 tons about 10. Pilotage. On a vessel of 247 reg. tons, captain of port and pilotage £5 is 7d.

PUERTO PONCE, W.I. Lat. 17° 56' N; long. 60° 29′ W. Pop. 17,000. Tr.-I. Breadstuffs, provisions, dry goods, lumber, petroleum, liquors, iron, cooperage; E. Sugar, molasses, tobacco, hides, cattle, coffee, starch, oranges, and cotton. Accn. No vessel drawing more than 16ft should charter for this port. Charges. On a vessel of 320 tons about £178 Pilotage. From £1 17s 6d for vessels up to 80 tons, in and out payable in Spanish money, to £6 5s for vessels of 1,000 tons; up wards £8 6s 8d; changing berth each time, quarter pilotage rates; all vessels entering or leaving port between sunset and sunrise, double

rates.

PUGWASH, N.S. Lat. 45° 52' N; long. 63° 45′ W. Pop. 2,000. Tr.-E. Timber and agricultural produce. Accn. Vessels lie securely in a small enclosed basin with a depth of 6 fms. 16ft at LWÖST. on bar; Sp. rise 7ft and N. 4ft. Charges. Harb. dues 1. Pilotage. On a vessel of 306 reg. tons, in and out £5. Towage. £65s to £10 10s, according to

size.

QUEBEC, Canada. _Lat. 46° 49′ N; long 71° 31' W. Pop. 60,000. Tr.-I. Dry goods, groceries, salt, coals, hardwares, liquors, &c. ; E. Timber, deals, grain, &c. Accn. A safe and commodious harb. The largest vessels can lie alongside the wharves. Eight floating dry docks, one graving dock, and one patent slip. Charges. Harb, dues on vessels, under 1,000 tons