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said, the goods, chattels or effects so distrained shall and may be restored to the owner or possessor if, prior to the sale thereof, payment or tender thereof shall be made to the proper officer charged with the collection, of the full amount demanded, together with such fee for levying, and such sum for the necessary and reasonable expense of removing and keeping the goods, chattels or effects so distrained, as may be allowed in like cases by the laws or practice of the State wherein the distraint shall have been made; but in case of non-payment or tender as aforesaid, the said officers shall proceed to sell the said goods, chattels or effects at public auction, and shall and may retain from the proceeds of such sale the amount demandable for the use of the United States, with the necessary and reasonable expenses of distraint and sale, and a commission of five per centum thereon for his own use, rendering the overplus, if any there be, to the person whose goods, chattels or effects shall have been distrained: Provided, That it shall not be lawful to make distraint of the tools or implements of a trade or profession, beasts of the plough necessary for the cultivation of improved lands, arms, or household furniture, or apparel necessary for a family.

SEC. 36. And be it further enacted, That whenever goods, chattels or effects sufficient to satisfy any tax upon buildings, dwelling-houses or lands and their improvements, owned, occupied or superintended by persons known or residing within the same collection district, cannot be found, the collector having first advertised the same for thirty days, in a newspaper printed within the collection district, if such there be, and having posted up, in at least ten public places within the same, a notification of the intended sale, thirty days previous thereto, shall proceed to sell at public sale so much of the said property as may be necessary to satisfy the taxes due thereon, together with an addition of twenty per centum to the said taxes. But in all cases where the property liable to a direct tax under this act may not be divisible, so as to enable the collector by a sale of part thereof to raise the whole amount of the tax, with all costs, charges and commissions, the whole of such property shall be sold, and the surplus of the proceeds of the sale, after satisfying the tax, costs, charges and commissions, shall be paid to the owner of the property or his legal representatives; or if he or they cannot be found, or refuse to receive the same, then such surplus shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States, to be there held for the use of the owner or his legal representatives, until he or they shall make application therefor to the Secretary of the Treasury, who, upon such application, shall, by warrant on the Treasury, cause the same to be paid to the applicant. And if the property advertised for sale as aforesaid cannot be sold for the amount of the tax due thereon, with the said additional twenty per centum thereto, the collector shall purchase the same in behalf of the United States for the amount aforesaid: Provided, That the owner or superintendent of the property aforesaid, after the same shall have been, as aforesaid, advertised for sale, and before it shall have been actually sold, shall be allowed to pay the amount of the tax thereon, with an addition of ten per centum on the same, on the payment of which the sale of the property shall not take place: Provided, also, That the owners, their heirs, executors or administrators, or any person on their behalf, shall have liberty to redeem the lands and other property sold as aforesaid, within two years from the time of sale, upon payment to the collector for the use of the

purchaser, with interest for the same, at the rate of twenty per centum per annum; and no deed shall be given in pursuance of such sale until the time of redemption shall have expired. And the collector shall render a distinct account of the charges incurred in offering and advertising for sale such property, and shall pay into the Treasury the surplus, if any there be, of the aforesaid addition of twenty per centum, or ten per centum, as the case may be, after defraying the charges. And in every case of the sale of real estate which shall be made under the authority of this act by the collectors, respectively, or their lawful deputies, respectively, the deeds for the estate so sold shall be prepared, made, executed and proved or acknowledged at the time or times prescribed in this act by the collectors, respectively, within whose collection district such real estate shall be situated, in such form of law as shall be authorized and required by the laws of the United States, or by the law of the State in which such real estate lies, for making, executing, proving and acknowledging deeds of bargain and sale or other conveyances for the transfer and conveyance of real estate; and for every deed so prepared, made, executed, proved and acknowledged, the purchaser or grantee shall pay to the collector the sum of two dollars, for the use of the collector or other person effecting the sale of the real estate thereby conveyed.

SEC. 37. And be it further enacted, That with respect to property lying within any collection district not owned or occupied, or superintended by some person residing in such collection district, and on which the tax shall not have been paid to the collector within ninety days after the day on which he shall have received the collection lists from the said assessors respectively as aforesaid, or the requisition of the Secretary of the Treasury as aforesaid, the collector shall transmit lists of the same to one of the collectors within the same State, to be designated for that purpose by the Secretary of the Treasury; and the collector who shall have been thus designated by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall transmit receipts for all the lists received as aforesaid, to the collector transmitting the same; and the collectors, thus designated in each State by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall cause notifications of the taxes due as aforesaid, and contained in the lists thus transmitted to them, to be published for sixty days in at least one of the newspapers published in the State; and the owners of the property, on which such taxes may be due, shall be permitted to pay to such collector the said tax, with an addition of ten per centum thereon: Provided, That such payment is made within one year after the day on which the collector of the district where such property lies had notified that the tax had become due on the same.

SEC. 38. And be it further enacted, That when any tax, as aforesaid, shall have remained unpaid for the term of one year as aforesaid, the collector in the State where the property lies, and who shall have been designated by the Secretary of the Treasury as aforesaid, having first advertised the same for sixty days in at least one newspaper in the State, shall proceed to sell, at public sale, so much of the said property as may be necessary to satisfy the taxes due thereon, together with an addition of twenty per centum thereon; or if such property is not divisible as aforesaid, the whole thereof shall be sold, and accounted for in the manner herein before provided. If the property advertised for sale cannot be sold for the amount of the tax due thereon, with the said addition thereon, the collector shall purchase the same in behalf of the United States for such

amount and addition. And the collector shall render a distinct account of the charges incurred in offering and advertising for sale such property, and pay into the Treasury the surplus, if any, of the aforesaid addition of ten or twenty per centum, as the case may be, after defraying the said charges.

SEC. 39. And be it further enacted, That the collectors designated as aforesaid by the Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit with the clerks of the District Court of the United States in the respective States, and within which district the property lies, correct lists of the tracts of land or other real property sold by virtue of this act for non-payment of taxes, together with the names of owners or presumed owners, and of the purchasers of the same at the public sales aforesaid, and of the amount paid by said purchasers for the same; the owners, their heirs, executors or administrators, or any person in their behalf, shall have liberty to redeem the lands or other property sold as aforesaid, within two years from the time of sale, upon payment to the clerk aforesaid, for the use of the purchaser, his heirs or assigns, of the amount paid by such purchaser for the said land, or other real property, with interest for the same at the rate of twenty per centum per annum, and of a commission of five per centum on such payment for the use of the clerk aforesaid. The clerks shall, on application, pay to the purchasers the moneys thus paid for their use; and the collectors, respectively, shall give deeds for the lands or property aforesaid to the purchasers entitled to the same, in all cases where the same shall not have been redeemed within two years as aforesaid, by the original owners thereof, or their legal representatives, or any person in their behalf, and deposit such deeds. with such clerk. And the said clerk shall be entitled to receive from the purchaser, for his own use, the sum of one dollar, in addition to the sum hereinbefore made payable to the collector, for every such deed, to be paid on the delivery thereof to such purchasers. And in all cases where lands may be sold under this act for the payment of taxes, belonging to infants, persons of insane mind, married women or persons beyond sea, such persons shall have the term of two years after their respective disabilities shall have been removed, or their return to the United States, to redeem lands thus sold, on their paying into the clerk's office aforesaid the amount paid by the purchaser, with fifty per centum addition thereto, together with ten per centum interest per annum on the aggregate sum, and on their payment to the purchaser of the land aforesaid a compensation for all improvements he may have made on the premises, subsequent to his purchase, the value of which improvements to be ascertained by three or more neighboring freeholders, to be appointed by the clerk aforesaid, who, on actual view of the premises, shall assess the value of such improvements, on their oaths, and make a return of such valuation to the clerk immediately. And the clerk of the court shall receive such compensation for his services herein, to be paid by and received from the parties, like costs of suit, as the judge of the district court shall, in that respect, tax and allow.

SEC. 40. And be it further enacted, That the several collectors shall, at the expiration of every month after they shall respectively commence their collections in the next and every ensuing year, transmit to the Secretary of the Treasury a statement of the collections made by them, respectively, within the month, and pay over quarterly, or sooner, if

required by the Secretary of the Treasury, the moneys by them respectively collected within the said term; and each of the said collectors shall complete the collection of all sums annually assigned to him for collection as aforesaid, shall pay over the same into the Treasury, and shall render his final account to the Treasury Department within six months from and after the day when he shall have received the collection lists from the said board of assessors or the said requisition of the Secretary of the Treasury, as aforesaid: Provided, however, That the period of one year and three months from the said annual day shall be annually allowed to the collector designated in each State as aforesaid, by the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to the taxes contained in the list transmitted to him by the other collectors as aforesaid.

SEC. 41. And be it further enacted, That each collector shall be charged with the whole amount of taxes by him receipted, whether contained in the lists delivered to him by the principal assessors, respectively, or transmitted to him by other collectors; and shall be allowed credit for the amount of taxes contained in the lists transmitted in the manner above provided to other collectors, and by them receipted as aforesaid; and also for the taxes of such persons as may have absconded, or become insolvent, subsequent to the date of the assessment, and prior to the day when the tax ought, according to the provisions of this act, to have been collected: Provided, That it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the First Comptroller of the Treasury that due diligence was used by the collector, and that no property was left from which the tax could have been recovered; and each collector, designated in each State as aforesaid, by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall receive credit for the taxes due for all tracts of land which, after being offered by him for sale in manner aforesaid, shall or may have been purchased by him in behalf of the United States.

SEC. 42. And be it further enacted, That if any collector shall fail either to collect or to render his account, or to pay over in the manner or within the times hereinbefore provided, it shall be the duty of the First Comptroller of the Treasury, and he is hereby authorized and required immediately after such delinquency to report the same to the Solicitor of the Treasury, who shall issue a warrant of distress against such delinquent collector and his sureties, directed to the marshal of the district, therein expressing the amount of the taxes with which the said collector is chargeable, and the sums, if any, which have been paid. And the said marshal shall, himself, or by his deputy, immediately proceed to levy and collect the sum which may remain due, by distress and sale of the goods and chattels, or any personal effects of the delinquent collector; and for want of goods, chattels or effects aforesaid, sufficient to satisfy the said warrant, the same may be levied on the person of the collector, who may be committed to prison, there to remain until discharged in due course of law; and furthermore, notwithstanding the commitment of the collector to prison as aforesaid, or if he abscond, and goods, chattels and effects cannot be found sufficient to satisfy the said warrant, the said marshal or his deputy shall and may proceed to levy and collect the sum which remains due, by distress and sale of the goods and chattels, or any personal effects of the surety or sureties of the delinquent collector. And the amount of the sums due from any collector as aforesaid, shall, and the same are hereby declared to be a lien upon the

lands and real estate of such collector and his sureties, until the same shall be discharged according to law. And for want of goods and chattels or other personal effects of such collector or his sureties, sufficient to satisfy any warrant of distress, issued pursuant to the preceding section of this act, the lands and real estate of such collector and his sureties, or so much thereof as may be necessary for satisfying the said warrant, after being advertised for at least three weeks in not less than three public places in the collection district, and in one newspaper printed in the county or district, if any there be, prior to the proposed time of sale, may and shall be sold by the marshal or his deputy; and for all lands and real estate sold in pursuance of the authority aforesaid, the conveyances of the marshals or their deputies, executed in due form of law, shall give a valid title against all persons claiming under delinquent collectors or their sureties aforesaid. And all moneys that may remain of the proceeds of such sale, after satisfying the said warrant of distress, and paying the reasonable costs and charges of sale, shall be returned to the proprietor of the lands or real estate sold as aforesaid.

SEC. 43. And be it further enacted, That each and every collector, or his deputy, who shall exercise or be guilty of any extortion or oppression, under color of this act, or shall demand other or greater sums than shall be authorized by this act, shall be liable to pay a sum not exceeding two thousand dollars, to be recovered by and for the use of the party injured, with costs of suit, in any court having competent jurisdiction; and each and every collector, or his deputies, shall give receipts for all sums by them collected and retained in pursuance of this act.

SEC. 44. And be it further enacted, That separate accounts shall be kept at the Treasury of all moneys received from the direct tax, and from the internal duties or income tax, in each of the respective States, territories and District of Columbia and collection districts; and that separate accounts shall be kept of the amount of each species of duty that shall accrue, with the moneys paid to the collectors, assessors and assistant assessors, and to the other officers employed in each of the respective States, territories and collection districts, which accounts it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury, annually, in the month of December, to lay before Congress.

SEC. 45. And be it further enacted, That the assessors, respectively, shall, yearly, and in every year after the expiration of one year from the second Tuesday of February next, inquire and ascertain, in the manner by the seventh section of this act provided, what transfers and changes of property in lands, lots of ground, buildings and dwelling-houses have been made and effected in their respective districts, subsequent to the next preceding valuation, assessment and apportionment of the direct tax by this act laid; and within twenty days thereafter they shall make out three lists of such transfers and changes, and transmit one list to the Secretary of the Treasury, another list to the Commissioner of Taxes, and the third shall be delivered to the collector of the collection district. And it shall yearly, and every year, after the said year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to notify the collectors of the several collection districts the day on which it shall be the duty of the said collectors to commence laying and collecting the annual direct tax by this act laid and imposed, according to the assessment of the tax lists to them delivered by the said assessors as

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