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"14. (p) Out of Ephraim was there a (q) "root of them against Amalek, after thee "Benjamin, among thy people: out "of Machir (r) came down governors, and "out of Zebulun they that handle the pen "of the writer. 15. And (s) the princes of "Issachar were with Deborah: even Issa"char, and also Barak, he was sent on foot "into the valley: for the (t) divisions of "Reuben there were great thoughts (u) "of heart. 16. Why abodest thou among "the sheep-folds, to hear the bleatings of "the flocks? For the divisions of Reuben, "there were great searchings of heart.

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17. Gilead abode beyond Jordan: and "why did Dan remain in ships? Asher "continued on the sea-shore, and abode "in his breaches (x). 18. Zebulun and "Naphtali were (y) a people that (z) jeo"parded their lives unto the death, in the "high places of the field. 19. (a) The "kings came and fought, then fought the "kings of Canaan in Taanach by the waters "of Megiddo; they took no (b) gain of mo

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ney. 20. They (c) fought from heaven, the "stars (d) in their courses fought against "Sisera. 21. The river of Kishon swept "them away, that ancient river, the river

Kishon: O my soul, thou hast trodden "down strength. 22. Then were the "horse-hoofs broken by the means of "the pransings, the pransings of their "mighty ones. 23. Curse ye (e) Meroz "(said the angel of the LORD), curse ye

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(t) v. 15. "The divisions," i. e. "their "backwardness, their separation, their neglecting to come up."

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(u) v. 15, 16. "Thoughts, searchings," i. e. "Uneasiness," inquiries," because they did not join.

(x) v.17. "Breaches,” i.

"" e. strong holds." (y) v. 18. "A people," or " the people." (x) v. 18. " Jeoparded their lives unto the "death," i. e. " disregarded all danger."

(a) v. 19. Part 6. the battle and victory. (b) v. 19. "No gain of money," i. e. "they "obtained no spoil." 2 Hales 306.

"bitterly the inhabitants thereof: because "they came not to the help of the LORD, "to the help of the LORD against the "mighty. 24. (f) Blessed above women "shall Jael the wife of Heber the Kenite "be, blessed shall she be above women in "the tent. 25. He asked water, and she "gave him milk, she brought forth butter "in a lordly dish. 26. She put her hand "to the nail, and her right hand to the "workmens hammer: and with the ham"mer she smote Sisera, she smote (g) "his head, when she had pierced "stricken through his temples. 27. Athe "feet he bowed, he fell, he lay down: at her "feet he bowed, he fell; where he bowed,.

there he fell down dead. 28. (b) The "mother of Sisera looked out at a window, ❝and cried through the lattice, "Why "his chariot so long in coming? why tarry "the wheels of his chariots?" 29. Her "wise ladies answered her, yea, she re "turned answer to herself. 30. "Have they "not sped? have they not divided the p ❝ to every man a damsel or two? to Ser a prey of divers colours, a prey of das "colours of needle work, of divers colous "of needle-work on both sides, meet forth "necks of them that take the spoil? 31.80 .So "let all thine enemies perish, O LORD: "but let them that love him (1), be as the "sun when he goeth forth in his might. "And the land had rest forty years.”

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(c) v. 20. "They fought from heaven," is "heaven joined in the fight: it gave its assist 66 ance to Barak."

(d) v. 20. "The stars, &c." It is hardly to be supposed that Deborah, even in the freedom of poetry, would attribute any real to the stars: she might mean to ridicule Canaanites, who probably believed they had a influence.

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(e) v. 23. "Meroz," perhaps a place Canaan, 2 Hales 309; or a people that should have joined Barak.

(ƒ) v. 24. Part 7. a panegyric upon Jael. (g) v. 26. "Off," or rather "through" and read," she pierced and struck through his "temple." See 2 Hales 307.

(b) v. 28. Part 8. a taunt upon the expectation of Sisera's house, finely ridiculing their confidence and impatience.

(i) v. 31. “Him," or " thee." 2 Hales 308

AN

CHAP. II.

I. SAMUEL.

ND (b) Hannah (i) prayed, and said, "My heart rejoiceth in the LORD, mine horn is exalted in the LORD: my mouth is enlarged over mine enemies: "because I rejoice in thy salvation. 2. There is none holy as (k) the LORD: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God. 3. Talk no more so exceeding proudly, let not arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the LORD is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed. 4. The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girt with strength. 5. They that were full, have hired out themselves for bread, and they that were hungry, ceased () so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed (m) feeble. 6. The LORD killeth (n), and maketh alive: he bringeth

(b) v. 1 to 10. Hannah's thanksgiving for Samuel's birth.

(i) v. 1. “

Hannah," i. e. Samuel's mother. (k) v 2. "As the Lord;" there is none eside thee; there is no Rock like our God.

(1) v. 5. "ceased," i. e. "to hunger," or ' exulted" " were filled." She is contrasting he changes God effects, by depressing the reat, and raising up the poor. Like the assage in Mary's thanksgiving, Luke i. 53. He hath filled the hungry with good things, and the rich he hath sent empty away." (m) v.5. "Waxed feeble" i. e. " brought low," "dispirited," 66 as much broken hearted as if she had no child." (n) v.6. "Killeth, &c." so Deuter. xxxii.

9.

"See now that I, even I, am he, and there is no God with (or like) me: I kill, and I make alive; I wound and I heal; neither is there any that can deliver out of 'my hand."

(0) 6. Read “ grave, and raiseth up." (p) v.8. "The poor, &c." So Psalm

xili. 7. 8.

(7) v.9. "Keep the feet" i. e. (probably) prevent them from falling," figuratively, guard them against danger. Like Ps. xci. 11. He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee in all thy ways: They shall

"down to the (o) grave, and bringeth up. "" 7. The LORD maketh poor, and maketh "rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.

8. He raiseth up the (p) poor out of "the dust, and lifteth up the beggar "from the dunghill, to set them among "princes, and to make them inherit the "throne of glory: for the pillars of the "earth are the LORD's, and he hath set the "world upon them. 9. He will keep (q) "the feet of his saints, and the wicked "shall be silent in darkness; for by "strength shall no man prevail. 10. The "adversaries of the LORD shall be broken "to pieces; out of heaven shall he thunder "upon them: the LORD shall judge the "ends of the earth, and he shall give "strength unto his (r) king, and exalt the "horn of his (s) anointed." 11. And El

kanah (t) went to Ramah to his house and the child did minister unto the LORD before Eli the priest. 12. Now the sons of Eli

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out of Jacob, and a sceptre shall rise out of "Israel, &c." Dr. Gray observes upon this passage," The inspired hymn of ́Hannah

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furnishes us with a grand prophecy of "Christ, who is here. for the first time in scripture described as the Messiah, or the "anointed of the Lord, as the exalted So-. vereign, and appointed Judge of the earth.". Gray 174.

(s) v. 10. "Anointed," in the Hebrew "Messiah" in the Greek "Christ."

(t) v. 11. "Elkanah," "Samuel's father." "The Child," i. e. " Samuel."

were sons (u) of Belial, they knew (x) not the LORD. 13. And the priests custom (y) with the people was, that when any man offered sacrifice, the priests servant came, while the flesh was in seething (z), with a flesh-hook of three teeth in his hand : 14. And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the flesh-hook brought up, the priest took for himself so they did in Shiloh, unto all the Israelites that came thither. 15. Also before they burnt the (a) fat, the priests servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed," Give flesh to roast for the "priest; for he will not have sodden (b) "flesh of thee, but raw." 16. And if any man said unto him, "Let them not fail to "burn the fat presently, and then take as "much as thy soul desireth :" then he would answer him "Nay, but thou shalt "give it me now: and if not, I will take "it by force." 17. Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the LORD for men abhorred the offering of the LORD. 18. But Samuel ministred before the LORD, being a child girded with a linen (c) ephod. 19. Moreover his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice. 20. And Eli blessed Elkanah, and his wife, and said, "The LORD give "thee seed of this woman for (d) the loan "which is lent to the LORD." And they went unto their own home. 21. And the LORD visited Hannah, so that she conceived and bare three sons, and two daugh

(u) v. 12. "Sons of Belial," i. e. "wicked." "Belial," ""wickedness."

(x) v. 12. "Knew," i. e. " regarded," "reverenced."

(y) v.13. "Custom." This was contrary to the Levitical law: the parts the priest was to have were fixed. See Lev. vii. 34. (z) v. 13. Seething," i. e. "

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boiling."

(a) v. 15. "The fat." It was one of the Mosaical ordinances that the fat of every sacrifice should be burnt upon the altar. Lev. i. 9. 13.-iii. 4. 5. 9. 11. 15. 16.—iv. 8. 10. 19. 26.

31. 35. vii. 3. 5. 31. And it was a special injunction, Lev. vii. 23. "Speak unto the "children of Israel, saying, Ye shall eat no manner of fat, of ox, or of sheep, or of "goat."

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ters: and the child Samuel grew before the LORD. 22. Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel, and how they lay with the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 23. And he said unto them, "Why do ye such things? for I "hear of your evil dealings, by all this "people. 24. Nay my sons: for it is no "good report that I hear; ye make the "LORD's people to transgress. 25 If cr "man sin against another, the judge sh "judge him: but if a man sin against the "LORD, who shall intreat for him? Notwithstanding, they hearkened not un the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them. 26. (And the chil Samuel grew on, and was in favour both with the LORD, and also with men, ( 27. And there came a man (e) of God unto Eli, and said unto him, "Thus saith the "LORD, "Did I plainly appear unto the "house of thy (ƒ) father, when they wer " in Egypt in Pharaoh's house? 28. And "did I choose him (g) out of all the bes "of Israel, to be my priest, to offer "mine altar, to burn incense, to wear a "ephod before me? and did I give un "the house of thy father all the offerings "made by fire of the children of Israel "29. Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice "and at mine offering, which I have com "manded in my habitation; and honoures, "thy sons above me, to make yourselve "fat with the chiefest of all the offering "of Israel my people?" 30. Wherefore the LORD God of Israel saith, "I sad

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Sam

(b) v. 15. Sodden," i. e. "boiled." (c) v. 18. "Ephod." One of the holy ments made for Aaron, that he might unto God in the priest's office. Exod. xx 4 (d) v. 20. "The loan," i. e. Hannah says, 1 Sam. i. 27. 28. "For this ca "I prayed; and the Lord hath given me "petition which I asked of him: therefore " also I have lent him to the Lord: as long a "he liveth he shall be lent to the Lord."

(e) v.27. "A man of God," i. e. "a pro phet," a "messenger from God." (f) v. 27. 28." Thy father," i.e. "Aaro who, and his descendants, were appointed clusively to the priest's office. See Exod. xx

(g) v. 28. Him," i. e. "Aaron." St Exod. xxviii.

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"indeed that thy house, and the house. "of thy father should walk before me for ever:" but now the LORD saith, "Be it far from me; for them that honour me, I will honour, and they that despise me, shall be lightly esteemed. 31. Behold, the days come that I will cut off thine arm (b), and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house. 32. And thou shalt see an (i) enemy in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever. 33. And the man of thine whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age. 34. And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall

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of the LORD was precious (m) in those days; there was no open (n) vision. 2. And it came to pass at that (o) time, when Eli was laid down in his place, and his eyes began to wax dim, that he could not see; 3. And ere the lamp of God went out in the (p) temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was, and Samuel was laid down to fleep; 4. That the LORD called Samuel. And he answered, "Here am I." 5. And he ran unto Eli, and said, "Here am I; "for thou calledst me." And he said, "I called not; lie down again." And he went and lay down. 6. And the LORD called yet again Samuel. And Samuel arose and went to Eli, and said, "Here

66 come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phineas; in one (k) day they shall die both of them. 35. And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in mine heart and in my mind and I will build (1) him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine Anointed for ever. 36. And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left in thine house shall come and crouch to him for a piece of silver and a morsel of bread, and shall say, "Put me (I pray thee) into one of the priests' offices, that I may cat a piece of bread."

(b) v. 31. "Arm," i. e. "strength." (i) v. 32. "An enemy, &c." or "distress, "because of thy iniquity, in every thing wherein "the strength of Israel hath blessed thee;" alluding probably to the capture of the ark by the Philistines, which occurred shortly afterwards, and caused his death. See 1 Sam. iv. 17. 18.

(k) v. 34. "In one day, &c." This happened accordingly in the war against the Philistines, 1 Sam. iv. 11. "The ark of God

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was taken, and the two sons of Eli, Hophni "and Phineas, were slain."

(1) v. 35. "Build, &c." i. e. "continue his "seed after him." This is often called "build. "ing a house." See Exod. i. 21.-Deut. xxv. 9.-Ruth iv. 7.-Ps. cxxvii. t.

(m) v. 1. "Precious," i. e. " uncommon,

am I, for thou didst call me." And he answered, "I called not my son, lie "down again." 7. Now Samuel did not yet know the LORD (q), neither was the word (r) of the LORD yet revealed unto him. 8. And the LORD called Samuel again the third time. And he arose, and went to Eli, and said, "Here am I, for "thou didst call me." And Eli perceived that the LORD had called the child. 9. Therefore Eli said unto Samuel," Go, lie down : "and it shall be, if he call thee, that thou "shalt 66 say, Speak, LORD; for thy ser"vant heareth." So Samuel went and lay down in his place. 10. And the LORD came, and stood, and called as at other

"not frequent." God made but few communications.

(n) v. 1. "No open vision," i. e. probably, no visible manifestation of his presence, as there was in the wilderness, when the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle. Exod. xl. 35. And in later times, when an angel of the Lord occasionally appeared, as to Gideon, Judges vi. 11. and to Manoah and his wife, Judges xviii. 1. 9, And see post, verse 21.

(o) v. 2. "At that time." Before Christ

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times, "Samuel, Samuel." Then Samuel answered, "Speak; for thy servant hear"eth." 11. And the LORD said to Samuel, "Behold, I will do a thing in Israel, "at which both the ears of every one that "heareth it shall tingle. 12. In that day "I will perform against Eli all things "which I have spoken concerning his "house when I begin, I will also make "an end. 13. For I have told him, that "I will judge his house for ever for the " iniquity which he knoweth; because "his sons made themselves vile, and he "restrained them not. 14. And there"fore I have sworn unto the house of "Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house "shall not be purged with sacrifice nor "offering for ever." 15. And Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of the LORD. And Samuel feared to shew Eli the vision. 16. Then Eli called Samuel, and said, "Samuel, my son." And he answered, "Here am I." 17. And he said, “ What "is the thing that the LORD hath said unto "thee? I pray thee hide it not from me "God do so to thee, and more also, if "thou hide any thing from me of all the "things that he said unto thee." 18. And Samuel told him every whit, and hid nothing from him. And he said, "It is the "LORD: let him do what seemeth him "good." 19. And Samuel grew, and the LORD was with him, and did let none of his words fall to the ground. 20. And all Israel from (s) Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of the LORD. 21. And the LORD appeared (t) again in Shiloh: for the LORD revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by the word of the LORD.

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(s) v. 20. "From Dan, &c." i. e. throughout the whole of the land of Israel.

(t) v. 21. "Appeared again," i.e. began again to appear, as he had done in earlier times. See note on verse 1.

(a) v. 1. " Said." B. C. 1095.
(b) v. 1. "A king," i.e. "Saul."

(c) v. 2. "My sons are with you ;" so that

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your
voice in all that ye said unto me,
and have made a (b) king over you.

2. And now behold, the king walketh "before you and I am old, and gray. "headed, and behold my (c) sons are with

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you and I have walked before you from kr my childhood unto this day. 3. Behold, "here I am, witness against me before the "LORD, and before his anointed: whose "ox have I taken? or whose ass have I "taken? or whom have I defrauded! "whom have I oppressed? or of whee "hand have I received any bribe to bli "mine eyes therewith? and I will reftor "it you." 4. And they said, "Ther "hast not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, "neither hast thou taken ought of a "man's hand." 5. And he said unto them, "The LORD is witness against you, and "his anointed is witness this day, that ye "have not found ought in my hard And they answered," He is witness." 6. And Samuel said unto the people, " "is the LORD that advanced Moses and "Aaron, and that brought your father up "out of the land of Egypt. 7. Now "therefore stand still, that I may reas "with you before the LORD, of all the "righteous acts of the LORD, which be "did to you and to your fathers. 8. When "Jacob was come into Egypt, and your "fathers cried unto the LORD, then the "LORD sent Moses and Aaron, which "brought forth your fathers out of Egyp "and made them dwell in this place "9 And when they forgat the Lord ther "God, he sold them into the hand of Siser, "captain of the host of Hazor, and int "the hand of the Philistines, and into the "hand of the king of Moab, and th "fought against them. IO. And th "cried unto the LORD, and said, "We "have sinned, because we have forsales "the LORD, and have served Baalin ( " and Ashtaroth; but now deliver us out

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