out of Hai-cheng at 3 A.M.; the Seventh Regiment, charging with the bayonet, took Shi-to-shan at 4 A.M. ; the Sixth Regiment attacked Sha-ho-yen in front, while the Sixth Brigade attacked its left, and moved towards Chang-hu-tai. By 7 A.M. all these positions on the two innermost of the four roads we have described were occupied; and the Fifth Brigade, advancing by the most westerly road, took Ta-futun by 10 A.M., when the whole Chinese line was pushed back. Some of the 15,000 Chinese engaged retreated to Pu-lai-tien and others to Newchwang (old), as had been foreseen by General Katsura. There still remained the fourth, the road from Hai-cheng to Liao-yang, and the Sixth Brigade, with some artillery, diverged in that direction, and by 2 P.M. had occupied the high ground near Tung-yen-tai. The Japanese lost 1 officer and 85 men wounded, and 10 killed; the Chinese left 160 dead,

On the following day, 1st of March, this last movement-the pursuit of the Liao-yang troops was continued. The Third Division had bivouacked at Tou-ho-pu, and at 7 A.M. it marched towards Kanhsien-pu, where the Chinese were stationed at 11.45 A.M. that position was taken, and the Japanese pushed on to the point where the Hai-cheng, Liao-yang, and Liao-yang-Newchwang roads meet. The two Chinese armies had now been completely separated, and General Katsura, by the peculiar disposition of the roads, was able to deal with them in detail.

The pursuit of the Liao-yang army was continued

on the 2nd of March for some distance beyond the junction of the two roads just mentioned, when General Katsura, having reunited all his troops, altered his order of march, converting his van into a rear-guard, and marched along the Liao-yang-Newchwang road to attack the latter town. On the 4th

of March Newchwang (old) was attacked by three columns advancing from the north, north-west, and east. The column acting on the north-west took a

position near Li-chia-wo-fu, so as to command the roads leading to Ying-kow and Tien-chwang-tai; the Japanese, with their usual tactics, had marched round. the Chinese and threatened their line of retreat with one part of their forces, while another part attacked in front. The battle commenced at 9 A.M., and the Japanese met a vigorous resistance; the Chinese had constructed thick earthern parapets and had loop holed the houses; they had, moreover, gatling guns,

and used smokeless powder for their rifles, so that the open ground which had to be traversed by one of the Japanese columns was swept by a hail of bullets. If the Chinese troops had been of equal quality to their own, the Japanese confess that the ground would have been impassable. But by 2.30 P.M. the town was entered, and the defenders fled in the direction of Ying-kow. A portion, about 5,000 or 6,000, were unable to escape, and with them the Japanese had to engage in a desperate house-to-house conflict which inflicted heavy losses; the fighting lasted late into the night, the sound of rifles being heard up to 11 P.M. A large body of Chinese entrenched in a wineshop offered an obstinate resistance until the Japanese engineers blew down a portion of the wall with dynamite, which caused such terror that they threw down their arms to the number of 300.

The Japanese had forty-two killed and 174 wounded, the Chinese about 1,800 killed and over 2,000 prisoners. The heavy losses of the latter were also due to their retreat being commanded by the Japanese guns. A large list of spoils taken was compiled by the Japanese with that precision almost amusing in its minuteness. It was as follows:

2,138 rifles.

1,518,000 rounds of small arm ammunition. 1 field piece.

42 fusils de rempart.

1,648 boxes of gunpowder.

1,120 koku* of rice.

150 koku of barley.

110 koku of Indian corn.

Horses enough to carry the baggage of the whole army.

80 or 90 tents.

213 horse shoes.

A quantity of clothing, fur coats, field ovens, and other articles.

Immediately after the capture of Newchwang (old) General Katsura with the Third Division marched towards Ying-kow, situated lower down on the Liao river; but he had been forestalled by Yamaji. That general, on the 6th of March, advanced to Hou-chiaying-fang at the junction of the Ying-kow-Hai-cheng and Ying-kow-Tien-chwang-tai roads. General Sung, who had so long defended Ying-kow, had been obliged to evacuate that town and retreat to Tien-chwang-tai, as he was threatened to be crushed between the two wings of the Japanese army. Ying-kow was defended by a small garrison which offered very little resistance, and on the 7th of March the Japanese took all the forts situated on both banks of the Liao river, which presented no obstacle in its frozen condition.

General Yamaji sent officers to inform the foreign consuls that the Japanese intended to occupy the foreign settlement of Ying-kow. In the port the Japanese captured another vessel of the Pei-yang Squadron, which had been icebound during the

A koku is nearly five bushels.

winter; now only two vessels of the squadron remained undestroyed or uncaptured.

The Third and First Divisions, constituting the right and left wings of the Japanese army, after the capture of Newchwang (old) and Ying-kow, had drawn together, and now they marched together against Tien-chwang-tai, which for three months had been the general headquarters of the Chinese armies of Newchwang and Ying-kow.

The attack was delivered on the 9th of March, and, as at Newchwang, the Japanese attacked in three columns. The action commenced at 7 A.M., and at 10.30 A.M. the place was taken. A column had been stationed on the line of retreat, and the routed Chinese were exposed to its deadly fire, which de

He had been in command of the First Army after Marshal Yamata left (shortly after the passing of the Yalu). He was gazetted a marshal after the capture of Newchwang.