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for me to prove, that the principles and conduct of the civil power now reigning in France, are precisely the fame with the principles and conduct of Voltaire's difciples, and that it exercifes a tyranny equal to the tyranny of Anti-christian Rome: and therefore that Antichriftian France must be confidered as the delegate of the fecond beaft (that is, the Infidel Antichrift), and "the image" or exact refemblance, of the tyranny of the first beast 4, as well as of the principles of the fecond. For the likeness to both appears to be plainly intimated by "having power given it both to Speak, and to kill"-to exercife the office of a falfe teacher, and of a civil tyrant.

It is then upon France, emblematically represented as "the fun," that we conceive the angel has poured out the fourth vial of wrath. It is in France that the second beaft has caufed his followers to make the image to exercise his power over the confciences and liberties of men, and by Democratic Tyranny and fanatic perfecution of the Religion of Chrift, to show his determined enmity to the Lamb of God, and to " speak great words of blafphemy against the Moft High." It is from France

See Introductory Chapter, vol. i. p. 384.

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that he has extended his defolating fway over the faireft portion of Europe, and excited the aftonishment and the fears of the world. This is the power well known by the common appellation of JACOBINISM, which, nurfed by Ambition, Vanity, and Atheism, has founded the pillar of French Republicanifm upon the ruins of the palace, the throne, and the altar;

that has reared it amid heaps of flaughtered victims, and cemented its parts with their blood. This is the power which, trained in the schools of Philofophifm, affumed the drefs of mildness, virtue, and religion; but, when arrived at full maturity, difcovered its fanguinary and deftructive fpirit, and avowed its oppofition to every inftitution, human and divine, that obftructed its gigantic defigns that with philanthropy ever in its mouth £, and

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• Manuel accufed the Jacobins of all the evils fince the Revolution, March 1ft, 1793. See Goudemet's Hiftorical Epochs, tranflated by Dr. Randolph, p. 45. Marat, the friend of the people, afferted in the Jacobin club, Dec. 19, 1793, that," in order to cement liberty, the National Club ought to ftrike off 200,000 heads-200,000 free heads have already fallen in battles, &c." A la place du fupplice, Madame Roland s'inclina devant la ftatue de la : liberté, et prononça ces paroles memorables: "O liberté ! que de crimes on commet en ton nom !" Appel à l'Impartiale Poftérité, par la Citoyenne Roland, p. 165. tom. i.

André Dumont inveighed, Dec. 7, 1794, against the
Jacobins,

and malice and vengeance in its heart, talks of honour, and practifes perjury ;-of liberty, and exercises the most intolerant tyranny:that harangues on the rights of man, while it makes property a crime, robbery a virtue, and not only perpetrates, but juftifies murder 1. This execrable power, which alone can steel the hearts of its votaries against every feeling.

Jacobins, "who, he faid, with matchlefs impudence, were ftill talking of the rights of man, which in the most audacious manner they violated, by all kinds of cruelties and murders." See the reprefentation of their conduct as given in Fayette's Letter. Moore's Journal, vol. i. p. 114.

8 The second or Legislative Affembly took the oath Oct. 4, 1791, to obferve the law. The National Affembly was perjured in refpect to the oath of fidelity which they fwore to the King, as well as in refpect to that which they fwore to their conftituents, &c. See the Manifefto of the Emperor of Germany, and King of Pruffia, Ann. Register, 1792, p. 291. Every country they have vifited bears wit nefs to their fyftematic breach of the most folemn treaties, whenever it fuits their convenience.

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See the fpeech of Tallien in the Convention after the maffacre of the fecond of September. Moore's Journal, vol. i. p. 376. The National Affembly of France was the only body of men that I ever heard of, who openly and fyftematically propofed to employ affaffination, and to inftitute a band of patriots, who fhould exercise this profeffion, either by fword, piftol, or poison; and though the proposal was not carried into execution, it might be confidered as the fentiment of the meeting; for it was only delayed till it fhould be confidered how far it might not be imprudent, because they might expect reprisals." Robifon, p. 411.

of nature, has dared to fanction treason parricide', lust TM, and maffacre"; and to infufe into the breasts of his fubject multitudes, a new paffion, which has funk them beneath. the level of the brute creation-a paffion for

i «I fly far off from the cries of that execrable tribunal, which murders not only the victim, but which murders also the mercy of the people." The poet Klopftock to the National Convention, An. Reg. 1792, p. 128. "Il faut du fang à ce peuple infortuné, dont on a detruit la morale, et corrumpu l'instinct; on fe fert de tout, excepté la justice, pour lui en donner." La Citoyenne Roland, tom. į. p. 195.

* Decree of fraternity and affiftance by the National Convention, Nov. 19, 1792, and answer of the President, Nov. 21, decreed to be tranflated into all languages as the manifefto of all nations against kings. Decree for extending the French fyftem to all countries occupied by their armies, Dec. 15, 1792. Report from the diplomatic Committee, in which was founded the decree of the fifteenth of December, 1793.

1 It was no uncommon thing for the Affembly to decree honou able mention to fons who had denounced their parents, wives their hufbands, and mothers their fons, Sept. 18, 1791, Philips of the Jacobin Club prefented to the Legis lative Affembly the eads of his father and mother, whom his patriotifm had just facrificed.

m By a decree of the Convention, June 6, 1794, it is declared tha there is nothing criminal in the promif cuous commerce of the fexes."

See the Account of the maffacres of the first, fecond, and third of September, 1792, and Danton's juftification of those maflacres in a letter to the municipalities of France immediately after. Annual Regifter, p. 115–119.

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the fight of their fellow creatures in the agonies. of death, and a literal thirst for human blood.

This is the power that first enthroning seven hundred tyrants in the place of one king (deliberately murdered only because he was a king), ruled twenty-four millions of flaves with the iron fceptre of terror 3, and for five years made France a flaughter-boufe -That formed the web of its laws, of the most complex and intricate texture, and changed them at the fancy of the moment, or for the express purpofe of enfnaring the innocent'; and, abfolute

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If the defpotifm of a single individual is dangerous to liberty, how much more odious must be that of feven hundred men, many of whom are void of principles, without morals, and who have been able to reach that fupre macy by cabals or crimes alone." Gen. Dumourier to the French Nation. Annual Reg 1793, p. 154.

Ne vous y trompez pas (the tyrants of France in 1793,) c'est peut être la deftruction de la Royauté, des ordres privilégiés, qui irrite contre vous la plupart des gouvernemens de l'Europe; mais ce qui fouleve les nations, c'est la barbarie de la nature de votre gouvernement; vous la retrouvez dans la terreur, et là où il exiftoit un trône, vous avez élévé un échafaud.” Reflexions fur le Procés

de la Reine, par une Femme.

See Hift. Epochs, and the lift of the moft confiderable fufferers at the end.

July 19, 1793. Not lefs than 6800 decrees had been paffed by the different Legiflatures. Hiftorical Epochs. The Emigrant Laws in particular.

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