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CONTENTS

[The dates of publication of the separate chapters are given in parentheses]

The mineral resources of the United States in 1923:

Introduction, by F. J. Katz__

Summary, by M. B. Clark.

Page

1A

9A

295

Gold, silver, copper, and lead in Oregon, by J. M. Hill (February 14,
1925).

363

Gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in Idaho, by C. N. Gerry (February 12,
1925)..

375

Gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in Utah, by V. C. Heikes (March 20,
1925)-

417

481

Gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in Arizona, by V. C. Heikes (March 6,
1925).

515

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ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATE I. Quantity and value of gold and silver produced in the world, 1860-1923.

FIGURE 1. Average weekly quoted price of zinc at St. Louis and London
and of 60 per cent zinc concentrates at Joplin, and weekly
"production" (sales) of zinc concentrates in the Joplin
region, 1923.

2. Relation of prices of metallic zinc products to the price of
prime western zinc in 1923 at St. Louis..

3. Relation of weekly prices of lead pigments and salts to the
average weekly quoted price of lead at New York, 1922-23_
4. Relation of weekly prices of zinc pigments and salts to the
average weekly quoted price of prime western zinc at St.
Louis, 1922-23_

6. Contract prices of ferromanganese, spiegeleisen, and manga-
nese ore, 1918-1923..

Page

556

98

99

125

126

5. Average weekly quoted price of lead at New York and London,
1923.

143

156

7. Domestic production, imports, and average quoted price of
white arsenic, 1901-1923, also consumption of white arsenic
in calcium arsenate_.

161

8. Quoted wholesale prices of white arsenic, 1920-1923-
9. Production of copper in the principal producing States, by
averages of five-year periods, 1845-1923-

164

187

10. Principal features of the copper industry, 1913-1923.
11. Rank of States producing copper, 1913, 1918-1923, and
1845-1923--

188

192

12. Stocks of metallic antimony in bonded warehouses at end of
each month in 1920-1923.

279

13. World's production of antimony, 1897-1923, based on esti-
mated recoverable content of antimony ore, and average
price per pound in New York...

292

14. Annual production of iron ore, pig iron, and steel in the United
States, 1870–1923___.

298

15. Source and district of entry of iron ore imported into the
United States in 1923...

311

16. Commercial quotations of basic pig iron at blast furnaces in
Mahoning and Shenango valleys, Ohio and western Penn-
sylvania, 1917-1923, by months. -

318

17. Daily average production of coke and anthracite pig iron in
the United States, 1917-1923, by months...

320

18. Quantity and value of gold and silver produced and price per
fine ounce of silver produced in the United States, 1871-
1923.

IV

552

MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE UNITED

STATES, 1923-PART I

THE MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE UNITED STATES IN 19231

INTRODUCTION

By FRANK J. KATZ

Geologist in charge, Division of Mineral Resources

All the main branches of the mineral industry in 1923 showed marked improvement over the preceding years of depression, and several established new high records of production. The several elements of the industry were restored to or had gained over their pre-war vigor with probably only three notable exceptions-copper mining, through overdevelopment followed by curtailment of its market; precious-metal mining, by reason of depreciated purchasing power of its products; and bituminous-coal mining, from excessive capacity and overmanning. The year 1922 had on the whole been. one of gradual betterment in tone of business despite the longest and most widespread strike in the annals of coal mining and a strike among the railroad shop crafts which for a few months seriously interfered with transportation. These difficulties had been overcome before the beginning of 1923, and throughout that year there was generally steady improvement in conditions affecting the mining industries.

The total value of mineral products of the United States in 1923 was about $6,000,000,000, an increase of 29 per cent over the value in 1922 and 45 per cent over that in 1921, but a decrease of 14 per cent from 1920, when prices were at the peak.

Soft-coal mining shared with other industries a continued recovery from the depression of 1921 and the early part of 1922, but the dominating influence in the market was the after effect of the great strike of the year before. Stocks of consumers at the beginning of the year were low-only 36,000,000 tons on January 1. Though above the danger point, this was not enough to conduce to a feeling of safety, and in consequence prices were high. The average spot price in January, according to Coal Age, was $4.38 a ton, against $2.25 in the corresponding month of 1922. Congestion of the railroads prevented rapid accumulation of reserves until the winter peak of consumption was passed, and distribution continued under nominal supervision by the Federal Fuel Distributor.

In Mineral Resources of the United States the use of leaders (...) indicates that so far as the Geological Survey has been able to ascertain there was nothing to report. If data are not available, the fact is indicated by a statement to that effect in a footnote. Leaders are also used in footings where it is quite evident that figures in a column are not addable and in other places where entries are not appropriate. All figures of imports and exports in this report were compiled by J. A. Dorsey, of the Geological Survey, from records of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce, having been converted by Mr. Dorsey to the various units of measurement used in this report and arranged by him in their present form. The imports are those for the calendar year unless otherwise stated. Wherever exports are shown, unless otherwise specified, the figures represent domestic products and not foreign minerals reexported, and they also cover calendar years.

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