funerals, and Philip standing by it, whom he knew not at the first. So he asked him, What is he that is dead and buried there? But straight fetching a great sigh, Alas, said he, perhaps it is Pompey the Great. Then he landed a little, and was straight taken and slain. This was the end of Pompey the Great. Not long after, Cæsar also came into Egypt that was in great wars, where Pompey's head was presented unto him but he turned his head aside, and would not see it, and abhorred him that brought it as a detestable murtherer. Then taking his ring wherewith he sealed his letters, whereupon was graven a lion holding a sword: he burst out a-weeping. Achillas and Pothinus he put to death, King Ptolemy himself also, being overthrown in battle by the river of Nile, vanished away, and was never heard of after. Theodotus the Rhetorician escaped Cæsar's hands, and wandered up and down Egypt in great misery, despised of every man. Afterwards, Marcus Brutus (who slew Cæsar) conquering Asia, met with him by chance, and putting him to all the torments he could possibly devise, at the length slew him. The ashes of Pompey's body were afterwards brought unto his wife Cornelia, who buried them in a tomb of hers by the city of Alba. IN SIR T. HOBY N case old men will sing to the lute, let them do it secretly, and only to rid their minds of those troublesome cares and grievous disquietings that our life is full of; and to taste of that excellency which I believe Pythagoras and Socrates favoured in music. And put care they exercise it not at all, for that they have gotten a certain habit and custom of it, they shall savour it much better in hearing than he that hath no knowledge in it for like as the arms of a smith that is weak in other things, because they are more exercised, be stronger than an other body's that is sturdy, but not exercised : to work with his arms: even so the ears that be exercised in music, do much better and sooner discern it, and with much more pleasure judge of it, than other, how good and quick soever they be that have not been practised in the variety of pleasant music, because those musical tunes pierce not, but without leaving any taste of themselves pass by the ears not accustomed to hear them, although the very wild beasts feel some delight in melody. OF MUSIC I shall enter in a large sea of the praise of music, and call to rehearsal how much it hath always been renowned among them of old time, and counted a holy matter: and how it hath been the opinion of most wise philosophers, that the world is made of music, and the heavens in their moving, make a melody, and our soul framed after the very same sort, and therefore lifteth up itself, and (as it were) reviveth the virtues and force of itself with music: wherefore it is written that Alexander was sometimes so fervently stirred with it, that (in a manner) against his will, he was forced to arise from banquets and run to weapon; afterward, the musician changing the stroke and his manner of tune, pacified himself again, and returned from weapon to bankqueting. And I shall tell you that grave Socrates when he was well stricken in years learned to play upon the harp. And I remember I have understood that Plato and Aristotle will have a man that is well brought up to be also a musician: and declare with infinite reasons the force of music to be to very great purpose in us, and for many causes (that should be too long to rehearse), ought necessarily to be learned from a man's childhood, not only for the superficial melody that is heard, but to be sufficient to bring into us a new habit that is good, and a custom inclining to virtue, which maketh the mind more apt to the conceiving of felicity, even as bodily exercise maketh the body more lusty, and not only hurteth not civil matters and warlike affairs, but is a great stay to them. Also Lycurgus in his sharp laws allowed music. And it is read that the Lacedemonians, which were valiant in arms (and the Cretenses) used harps and other soft instruments: and many most excellent captains of old time (as Epaminondas) gave themselves to music and such as had not a sight in it (as Themistocles) were a great deal the less set by. Have you not read that among the first instructions which the good old man Chiron taught Achilles in his tender age, whom he had brought up from his nurse and cradle, music was one? And the wise master would have had those hands that should shed so much Troyan blood, to be oftentimes occupied in playing upon the harp. What soldier is there (therefore) that will think it a shame to follow Achilles, omitting many other famous captains that I could allege? Do you not, then, deprive our Courtier of music, which doth not only make sweet the minds of men, but also many times wild beasts tame: and whoso savoureth it not, a man may assuredly think him not to be well in his wits. Behold I pray you what force it hath that in times past allured a fish to suffer a man to ride upon him through the tempestuous sea. We may see it used in the holy temples, to render laud and thanks unto God; and it is a credible matter that it is acceptable unto him, and that he hath given it unto us for a most sweet lightening of our travels and vexations. So that many times the boisterous labourers in the fields, in the heat of the sun, beguile their pain with rude and carter like singing. With this the unmannerly country woman that ariseth before day out of her sleep to spin and card, defendeth herself and maketh her labour pleasant. This is the most sweet pastime after rain, wind, and tempest unto the miserable mariners. With this do the very pilgrims comfort themselves in their troublesome and long voyages. And oftentimes prisoners in adversity, fetters, and in stocks in like manner. For a great proof, that the tuneableness of music (though it be but ruder is a very great refreshing of all worldly pains and griefs, a man would judge that nature hath taught it unto nurses for a special remedy to the continual wailings of sucking babes, to work with his arms: even so the ears that be exercised in music, do much better and sooner discern it, and with much more pleasure judge of it, than other, how good and quick soever they be that have not been practised in the variety of pleasant music, because those musical tunes pierce not, but without leaving any taste of themselves pass by the ears not accustomed to hear them, although the very wild beasts feel some delight in melody. OF MUSIC I shall enter in a large sea of the praise of music, and call to rehearsal how much it hath always been renowned among them of old time, and counted a holy matter: and how it hath been the opinion of most wise philosophers, that the world is made of music, and the heavens in their moving, make a melody, and our soul framed after the very same sort, and therefore lifteth up itself, and (as it were) reviveth the virtues and force of itself with music: wherefore it is written that Alexander was sometimes so fervently stirred with it, that (in a manner) against his will, he was forced to arise from banquets and run to weapon; afterward, the musician changing the stroke and his manner of tune, pacified himself again, and returned from weapon to bankqueting. And I shall tell you that grave Socrates when he was well stricken in years learned to play upon the harp. And I remember I have understood that Plato and Aristotle will have a man that is well brought up to be also a musician: and declare with infinite reasons the force of music to be to very great purpose us, and for many causes (that should be too long to rehearse), ought necessarily to be learned from a man's childhood, not only for the superficial melody that is heard, but to be sufficient to bring into us a new habit that is good, and a custom inclining to virtue, which maketh the mind more apt to the conceiving of felicity, even as bodily exercise maketh the body more lusty, and not only hurteth not civil matters and warlike affairs, but is a great stay to them. Also Lycurgus in in his sharp laws allowed music. And it is read that the Lacedemonians, which were valiant in arms (and the Cretenses) used harps and other soft instruments: and many most excellent captains of old time (as Epaminondas) gave themselves to music and such as had not a sight in it (as Themistocles) were a great deal the less set by. Have you not read that among the first instructions which the good old man Chiron taught Achilles in his tender age, whom he had brought up from his nurse and cradle, music was one? And the wise master would have had those hands that should shed so much Troyan blood, to be oftentimes occupied in playing upon the harp. What soldier is there (therefore) that will think it a shame to follow Achilles, omitting many other famous captains that I could allege? Do you not, then, deprive our Courtier of music, which doth not only make sweet the minds of men, but also many times wild beasts tame: and whoso savoureth it not, a man may assuredly think him not to be well in his wits. Behold I pray you what force it hath that in times past allured a fish to suffer a man to ride upon him through the tempestuous sea. We may see it used in the holy temples, to render laud and thanks unto God; and it is a credible matter that it is acceptable unto him, and that he hath given it unto us for a most sweet lightening of our travels and vexations. So that many times the boisterous labourers in the fields, in the heat of the sun, beguile their pain with rude and carter like singing. With this the unmannerly country woman that ariseth before day out of her sleep to spin and card, defendeth herself and maketh her labour pleasant. This is the most sweet pastime after rain, wind, and tempest unto the miserable mariners. With this do the very pilgrims comfort themselves in their troublesome and long voyages. And oftentimes prisoners in adversity, fetters, and in stocks in like manner. For a great proof, that the tuneableness of music (though it be but ruder is a very great refreshing of all worldly pains and griefs, a man would judge that nature hath taught it unto nurses for a special remedy to the continual wailings of sucking babes, |