Grenada is situated between the parallels of 12° 30′ and 11° 58′ N. lat., and 61° 20′ and 61° 35' W. long.; is about 21 miles in length, 12 miles in its greatest breadth, and contains about 76,538 acres, with a population, by the Census of 1881, of 42,403 souls. It lies 68 miles S.S.W. of St. Vincent, and between it and the latter island are certain small islands called the Grenadines, partly attached to the government of St. Vincent, and partly to that of Grenada; the largest of the latter is Carriacou, which has an area of 6,913 acres, and a population of 5,154 souls. The country is mountainous and very picturesque, and abounds in streams and in mineral and other springs. The Grand Etang, a lake on the summit of a mountain ridge 1,740 feet above the level of the sea, 7 miles from St. George, and Lake Antoine are among the most remarkable natural curiosities. The island is divided into six parishes-St. George, St. David, St. Andrew, St. Patrick, St. Mark, and St. John. The chief productions of Grenada are cocoa, spices, and sugar, and those of Carriacou are cotton, ground provisions and live-stock. Grenada was discovered by Columbus in 1498, and was named Ascension. It was at that time inhabited by Caribs. In 1650 Du Parquet, Governor of Martinique, purchased Grenada from a French company. Finding the expense of maintaining an armed force to support his authority not compensated by the expectation of future profits, Du Parquet sold the island in 1657 to the Comte de Cerrillac for 30,000 crowns. The Governor appointed by the new proprietor ruled with so much tyranny that the most respectable Clergy of the Church of England in the Diocese of settlers left the island; he was at length seized, Perth, W.A. tried, and executed by the Colonists. In 1674 the island was annexed to France, and the proprietors received compensation for their claims; but in 1762 it was surrendered to the English Commodore Swanton, and was formally ceded to Great Britain by the Treaty of Peace signed at Paris on the 10th of February, 1763. In 1779 it was retaken by the French; and in 1783 it was restored to Great Britain by the general Treaty of Peace of Versailles. Major-General Edward Mathew was appointed Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of Grenada and of Carriacou, and from that date to this time the government of Grenada has been confined within these limits. In 1787 St. George's was made a free port. In 1834 the apprenticeship system was esta blished, and was followed in 1838 by unconditional emancipation. In 1854 an Act was passed reguiating the election of members of Assembly. The ouse of Assembly was to consist of 26 members, of whom 4 were returned for the town of St. George, 7 by the united parishes of St. George and St. John, 6 by the united parishes of St. Patrick and St. Mark, 6 by the united parishes of St. Andrew and St. David, and 3 by Carriacou. The Assembly was elected for seven years. Under an Act dated 14th October, 1856, and limited in its duration to a term of three years, an Executive Council was formed, composed of members selected by the Crown from the Legislative Council and House of Assembly. During the continuance of this Act the executive functions of the Legislative Council ceased, and were exercised by the new Council. The Act was allowed to expire, and the Legislative Council resumed its executive functions under the style of Her Majesty's Council. The constitution was re-modelled by an Act of the 7th of October, 1875, and a single Legislative Assembly established in lieu of the Council and Assembly. The Assembly consisted of 17 Members, 8 elected by the people, and 9 nominated by the Crown. The Act also appointed an Executive Committee of 5 Members, 3 being nominated and the other 2 elected Members of Assembly. These Members received each a salary of 1007. a-year, and were charged with the duty of advising the Lieut. Governor on the conduct of affairs. This Assembly at its first meeting on the 9th of February, 1876, addressed the Queen, informing Her Majesty that it had passed a Bill providing for its own extinction, and leaving it entirely to your Majesty's wisdom and discretion to erect such form of Government as your Majesty may deem most desirable for the welfare of the colony." The Imperial Act (39 and 40 Vic., c. 47) empowered Her Majesty to comply with this address, and a new Legislative Council has been established by the Queen, consisting of the Governor for the time being, and such persons, not fewer than three, as Her Majesty may designate by instructions or warrant. On the 17th March, 1885, letters patent were passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, constituting anew the office of Governor and Commander-inChief of the Windward Islands, under which Grenada was made the head-quarters of the group comprising Grenada, St. Vincent, Tobago, and St. Lucia. The Executive Council of Grenada consists of the Governor, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney-General, and the Treasurer, and such other persons as Her Majesty may appoint from time to time. The Legislative Council consists of the Governor, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney-General, the Treasurer, and such other official members as Her Majesty may appoint, and of such unofficial members, not exceeding five, as Her Majesty may appoint. Cows, bulls, and oxen, each Meat, dried or preserved, per 100 lbs, Olive, sperm, lard, per gallon 0 12 6 Gin, brandy, rum, whiskey, or any other kind of imported spirits, or strong waters, per proof gallon, according to Sykes' Hydrometer, and so on in proportion for any and for each and every degree of strength greater or less than the strength of proof Sweetened spirits, bitters, liqueurs, and Tallow, per 100 lbs. 010 0 2 0 003 0 1 0 Cigars and cigarettes, per lb. Wood, viz. :—Pitch pine, white, yellow, spruce, and all other descriptions or lumber, per 1,000 feet superficial Staves, per 1,000 Shooks and packs, per bundle All wines except sparkling wines, per gallon Ditto in bottles, per dozen quarts Champagne, moselle, and other sparkling wines, per dozen quarts. 0 0 6 030 020 0 4 0 080 And after the above rates for any greater or less quantity of every such article. Unmanufactured tobacco shall not be imported except in packages of not less than fifty pounds nett weight, and in ships of not less than ten tons burden. Under Ordinance No. 13 of 1884, dated 26th Articles of any sort not above specifically men 0 0 1 tioned, and not contained in the list of exemptions from duty given in Ordinance No. 8 of 1881, shall | 1833 Major-General George Middlemore, C.F pay a duty of 5l. per cent. ad valorem. Table of Exemptions. Under Ordinances No. 8, dated 25th July, 1881, and 11 of 1882. Coal, coin, bullion, diamonds, fresh fruit and vegetable, manures, straw, ice, fresh fish, printed books and papers, plants of all kinds, works of art not imported for sale, tombstones, old furniture, being personal effects of passengers arriving, any articles for the use of Her Majesty's Service or for the use of the Government of Grenada, and any articles imported for the use of the Governor Lieut.-Governor. 1835 Major-General J. H. Mair, Lieut.-Governor 1836 Lieut.-Colonel C. J. Doyle, Lieut.-Governor. 1846 Ker B. Hamilton, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1853 Robert W. Keate, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1857 C. H. Kortright, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1864 Major Robert Miller Mundy, C.M.G., Lieut. 1871 Edward Laborde, Esq., Administrator. Governor. 1871 Sanford Freeling, Esq., C.M.G., Lieut. Governor. 1874 Edward Laborde, Esq., Administrator. 1875 C. C. Graham, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. as provided by "The Governor's Duty Exemption 1877 Colonel R. W. Harley, C.B., C.M.G., Lieut.Ordinance, 1880." Export Duties. Governor. 1878 Thomas Kerr, Esq., Administrator. 1879 Colonel R. W. Harley, C.B., C.M.G., Lieut. Governor. 1881 Captain Irwin C. Maling, Administrator. 1881 Colonel R. W. Harley, Č.B., C.M.G., Lieut. Governor. 1882 Captain Irwin C. Maling, Administrator. 1882 Roger T. Goldsworthy, Administrator. Esq., C.M.G., 1883 Edward Laborde, Esq., C.M.G., Adminis1884 5 trator. 1885 Walter J. Sendall, Esq., Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands. Population, Dec. 31, 1884, 45,495. 1771 Brig.-General W. Leybourne, Governor. 1775 William Young, Lieut.-Governor of Tobago. 156,532 149,426 171,727 1881 1776 Sir George (afterwards Lord) Macartney, K.B., Governor. 131,985 194,279 1882 136,374 184,221 1883 1784 Lieut.-General Edward Matthew, Governor. 135,265 193,524 1884 153,421 1789 212,870 Revenue and Expenditure. 1793 Ninian Home, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1796 Alexander Houstoun, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1797 Col. Chas. Green, Governor. 1802 George Vere Hobart, Esq., Lieut.-Governor. 1877 29,084 29.581 1803 Major-General W. D. McLean Clephane, Lieut.-Governor. 1878 1879 1805 Brig.-General F. Maitland, Governor. 1880 1808 1881 1882 1809 1883 43,883 46,976 1810 Major-General F. Maitland, Governor. 1884 51,488 45,260 1810 Unofficial Members, F. Batt, James Mill, C. M. Browne, G. W. Williamson, and F. Harford, Esquires. Clerk of the Councils, Marcus de la Poer Beresford, 1501. Civil Establishment. Governor-in-Chief, Windward Islands, Walter J. Sendall, Esq., 2,500. Private Secretary, Cecil F. Holder, A.D.C., Captain, late 14th Hussars. Chief Clerk in the Governor's Office, C. G. West, 2007. Second Clerk, W. W. Rattray, 1007. Colonial Secretary and Registrar-General, Captain Irwin C. Maling, 5501. Chief Clerk, Colonial Secretary's Office, C. H. Colly- Auditor, D. G. Garraway, 300%, and 501. for Sav- St. George's, J. G. Wells, 1507. (provisional). E. H. Moore, 1207. and 30. St. Andrew's, W. E. Haynes, 2207. H. H. Joudon, 120l. and 307. (provisional). St. Patrick's, A. Webster, 2007. St. John's and St. Mark's, S. W. M. Roche, 1207. and 301. Carriacou, H. B. Isaacs, 2007. and boat. Warehouse Keeper, St. George's, Loftus H. Otway, 1007. (provisional), Harbour Master and Revenue Officer, St. George's, Colonial Engineer (vacant), and 1007. travelling allowance. Medical Officers:— Colonial Surgeon, P. Orgias, M.D., 4007., and 501. allowance. Parish of St. George, and Asylum, P. F. McLeod, M.D., 4007., and quarters. Health St. John and St. Mark, G. L. Latour, 3007. St. Andrew, William Lang, M.D., 3001. House Surgeon, Colony Hospital, E. F. Officer, Carriacou, Leonard Archer, M.B., C.M., Edin., 3007. Protector of Immigrants, R. Jukes Hughes, (Commander, retired, R.N.) acting, 3007., and 1007. allowance. Gaoler, Thomas Haynes, acting, 150l. Judicial Establishment. Chief Justice, Judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court, and Second Clerk, A. E. Roche, 50% The Island of St. Vincent was discovered by Columbus on the 22nd of January, 1498. It is situated in 13° 10' N. latitude, and 60° 57′ W. longitude, at a distance of 21 miles to the south-west of St. Lucia. It is 18 miles in length, and 11 in breadth, and contains about 85,000 acres of land. Some of the Grenadines, a chain of small islands lying between Grenada and St. Vincent, are comprised within the government of the latter island. The principal is Bequia, situated at a distance of 9 miles from the mainland. Kingstown, the capital of St. Vincent, is situated at the bottom of an extensive bay, at the southwestern extremity of the island. It consists of three principal streets, each about a mile long, running parallel with the beach, and contains a population of 5,593 souls. St. Vincent, though exhibiting some features in common with the other islands, is favourably distinguished from many of them by an undulating surface, and a succession of gentle slopes, of which portions are cultivated for sugar-cane. Its most striking peculiarity is its "Souffrière," or volcanic mountain, celebrated for the violence of its erupThis mountain is situated at the tion in 1812. Prorost Marshal, and Marshal in Vice-Admiralty, Edward Drayton, provisional, 4007., and allow-northern extremity of the island, and is about ance, 507. 8,000 feet above the level of the sea. At the time of its discovery, St. Vincent, like some of the other small islands, was inhabited by the Caribs, who continued in the undisputed possession of it until 1627, when the King of England made a grant of the island to the Earl of Carlisle. In 1660 it was declared neutral, and in 1672 it was granted to Lord Willoughby. No steps, however, appear to have been taken to form a settlement on the island, and the English and French came to an agreement to abandon the Islands of Dominica and St. Vincent to the Caribs, on condition of their renouncing all claim to the other islands. The Caribs continued sole masters of St. Vincent until the year 1675, when a number of savages of a different race were discovered on it. These received the appellation of "Black Caribs," to distinguish them from the aborigines, to whom the name of "Yellow Caribs" was given. In 1722 George I. made a grant to the Duke of Montague of some of the West India Islands, including St. Vincent. to the number of 5,080, were embarked at Bequia, In 1809, Sir Charles Brisbane was appointed Governor of St. Vincent, in which post he continued till his death, in 1829. During his administration an impetus was given to agriculture and trade which soon raised the Colony to an unexampled degree of prosperity. From statistics of the year 1740 it appears that the white inhabitants then amounted to about 800, and the slaves to 3,000, producing commodi-blished, ties for exportation to the value of 63,6251. In 1748 St. Vincent was declared neutral by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. In 1756, however, hostilities were renewed, and the Island was taken in 1762 by General Monckton; and by the Treaty of Paris in the following year it was ceded to Great Britain, when General Melville was appointed Governor. By a treaty, which was concluded in February, 1773, an extensive district of St. Vincent was allotted to the Caribs (who for some time had been in a state of open rebellion) on condition of their laying down their arms and acknowledging the King of Great Britan as the rightful sovereign of the island. In 1779 the island surrendered to the French. The following year has been rendered memorable by the occurrence of the greatest hurricane of which there is any record in West Indian annals. It took place on the 10th of October of that year, and extended its ravages chiefly to St. Vincent, Grenada, St. Lucia, and Martinique. The plantations were destroyed, the houses thrown down, and the loss of human life in the four islands has beer computed at upwards of 20,000 souls. By the Treaty of Versailles in 1788 St. Vincent was restored to Great Britain. From this period to the breaking out of the French revolution the island appears to have enjoyed comparative prosperity and peace; but then the Caribs and their allies (the French) again overran the country, burning the cane-fields, plundering the houses, and mercilessly murdering the English colonists. This state of things continued till the arrival of the Zebra sloop of war, with succours from Martinique, then the British head-quarters. The contest was carried on, with alternations of good and ill fortune, until the arrival of Sir Ralph Abercrombie with reinforcements in June, 1796. The success which had attended the British arms in the reduction of St. Lucia inspired the inhabitants of St. Vincent with hopes of a speedy deliverance, and they were not disappointed. After an obstinate struggle the insurgents surrendered at discretion. The Government, in anticipation of such an event, had resolved that the Caribs should be transported to the Island of Rattan, in the Bay of Honduras; and accordingly, on the 11th March, 1797, the necessary transports having been provided, the Caribs, In 1834 the apprenticeship system was estaand was followed in 1838 by unconditional emancipation. The year 1846 witnessed the first introduction of Portuguese labourers, a class of immigrants who amounted in a few years to 2,400, and have proved a valuable addition to the general population of the island. St. Vincent received its first cargo of Coolie labourers in 1861. There are about 500 of these immigrants at present located on different plantations in the island. There are seventeen churches and chapels belonging to the Established Church, three Roman Catholic, eleven Wesleyan, and one Presbyterian, churches. The Government of St. Vincent originally consisted of a Governor, Council, and Assembly. The Council consisted of twelve members, one half of whom were named in the Governor's Commission, and the remainder appointed on his recommendation. The Council acted in the double capacity of a Privy Council and a Legislative Council. The Governor presided in the former. and the senior member, with the title of President, on whom also devolved the temporary administration of the Government on the death or absence of the Governor in the latter. The Assembly was originally composed of nineteen members, including two for the Grenadines. In 1843 the number of Representatives was increased to twenty-five, but by an Act of 1850 it was reduced to nineteen, as it originally stood. In 1856 an Executive Council was created, consisting of ten members, five from the Legislative Council, and five from the Assembly. In 1859 this Council was re-modelled, with the addition of an Administrative Committee, selected by the Governor, and composed of three members, one from the Legislative Council, and two from the Assembly. This Committee held office during pleasure. Their duties were to advise and assist the Governor in the administration of the finances, and of the general affairs of the Colony; to act as a Board of Audit, and to have the charge of all Public Buildings; also to be the official organs of communication between the Governor and the Legislative Chambers. This Act of 1859 had, however, a duration of only five years. On its expiring, in 1864, the Administrative Committee was not revived; but an Act was passed authorising the continuance of the Executive Council as a |