66 66 floating on the floor." From his head, at distance "fall'n "His garland lay." Hence La Cerda concludes, that Vir- Dr Trapp translates it, "inde ac fi dicat; haberet notas • omnes ebrietatis, fi effet corona "in capite: fed hanc effe lapfam "major erat ebrietas." This jeft will perhaps be thought too low and trifling for Virgil. Ruaeus, after Turnebus, thinks the meaning of this paffage to be, that the garlands lay at a diftance, only fallen from his head, not broken or trampled on. "Sic explicat Turnebus hanc "vocem, tantum: ferta procul ja<cebant: tantum delapfa e capite, These words procul and tantum are not to be found together, any where in Virgil, except in the paffage before us. That procul does fignify at a distance can hardly be queftioned; or that it fometimes fignifies at a great diftance, or far In this fenfe, it is plainly used in the third Georgick; Atque ideo tauros procul, atque <in fola relegant "Pafcua :" and in the third Aeneid; for the old deity bad often de- Luferat, injiciunt ipfis ex vincula fertis. ceived them both with the hope of a fong.. In the tenth Aeneid procul is used, "At Rutulum abfceffu juvenis, Here indeed fome will have procul to belong to vaftis campis; and not to the' diftance between Troy and Thrace, but to the extent of Thrace, rendering it longe lateque colitur. In the fame book, he fpeaks of feeing Camarina, Gela, and Agragas pro- In the fame book is the paffage, cul, which cannot well be under-which Servius produces, to confirm ftood to mean afar off or at a great diftance. Aeneas is here reprefented, as failing along the fouthern coaft of Sicily, on which these cities were fituated: and, as it is well known, the opinion that procul fignifies near. Mezentius is there reprefented leaning against the trunk of a tree, with his helmet hanging on the branches, which is faid to be procul; "Interea Addit fe fociam, timidifque fupervenit Aegle NOTES. "Interea genitor Tyberini ad flu"minis undam trunco: procul "Vulnera ficcabat lymphis, corpufque levabat "Arboris acclinis 66 aerea ramis "Dependet galea, et prato gravia "arma quiefcunt." Here the branches cannot be fuppofed to be at any great diftance from the trunk: and therefore procul in this place muft fignify no more than a small distance. Ruaeus himfelf, who opposes the opinion of Servius, in his note on this paffage, cannot help acknowledging, that procul does not always express a great diftance; but he affirms that it conftantly fignifies fome diftance at leaft; "Servius aliique hinc pro"bant, procul fignificare juxta: "itemque ex illo Ecl. 6. 16. Serta "procul tantum capiti delapfa jace"bant. Ego in eam opinionem "adduci non poffum: et puto, “procul, non quidem longam "femper diftantiam; fed aliquam "faltem fignificare.' I believe, we may agree with Ruaeus, that procul always fignifies at fome diftance, how little foever: but at the fame time, I muft fay, that on a careful confideration of all the numerous paffages, where Virgil has ufed this word, it may generally be understood to mean at a very small distance, within reach, or within fight, fo that they, who derive procul from porro ob oculis, or 20 Aegle made berfelf their companion, and encouraged them not to fear: pro oculis, do not feem greatly to err. With regard to procul tantum, I am verily perfuaded, that it may be rendered near, or just by: for as tantum non fignifies nearly, or almost, that is, barely not; so tantum procul may be well underftood to fignify, barely at a distance, or hardly at any distance at all, that is, near, or just by. Capiti.] For capite. The Ancients often made the ablative to end in i inftead of e. 17. Et gravis attrita, &c.] The Cantharus was a fort of drinking veffel, with ears or handles, facred to Bacchus, and therefore properly made use of by his tutor. Marius is accufed by Pliny of infolence, for having prefumed to drink out of thefe veffels, after his victory over the Cimbri; "C. Marius poft vic"toriam Cimbricam cantharis po"taffe Liberi patris exemplo tra "ditur, ille arator Arpinas, et ma nipularis imperator.' Valerius Maximus alfo mentions this action of Marius, as the higheft arrogance; becaufe, by conftantly drinking out of a cantharus, he endeavoured to reprefent his own actions as equal with the great victories of Bacchus : "Jam C. Marii pene infolens "factum; nam poft Jugurthinum, "Cimbricumque, et Teutonicum "triumphum, cantharo femper potavit quod Liber pater inclytum ex Afia ducens triumphum, "hoc ufus poculi genere ferebatur: ut inter ipfum hauftum vini R 3 "victoria Aegle the most beautiful of the Aegle Naïadum pulcherrima: Jamque videnti Naiads: NOTES. There is fomething very expreffive in the description, which the Poet gives of the flaggon in this line. It is faid to be gravis, heavy, to denote it's capacioufnefs: the handle is attrita, battered with much ufe: and the flaggon hangs down by the handle; he is too drunk to fuftain it, and too fond of it, even in this almost fenfelefs condition to let it go out of his hand. The Earl of Rofcommon, in his excellent tranflation of this Eclogue seems not to have been aware of this laft particular; for he reprefents the cantharus, as hanging up by him, full of liquor ; seem also to have required fome force to be used, in order to gain an anfwer from them. In this manner Proteus is treated by Ariftaeus, in the fourth Georgick. Thus Ovid alfo, in the third book of his Fafti, reprefents Faunus and Picus furprized by Numa. Thefe deities were accustomed to drink of a particular fountain. Numa facrificed a fheep near it, and left a flaggon full of good wine near it, hiding himfelf and his companions in a cave. The deities drank plentifully of the wine, and fell asleep; when Numa took his advantage of them, bound them, and having asked pardon for the liberty he had taken with their perfons, obtained an answer to what he defired to know; "Lucus Aventino fuberat niger ili❝cis umbra, ર Quo poffes vifo dicere, Numen "ineft. "In medio gramen, mufcoqué a"doperta virenti "Manabat faxó vena perennis Sanguineis frontem moris et tempora pingit, He, fmiling at the deceit, fays; "Quoque modo poffit fulmen monftrare piari, "Sic Numa, fic quatiens cornua Faunus ait :!. "Magna petis, &c." 20. Timidis.] Thefe youngsters were afraid by themselves, to attack Silenus, and therefore a Naïad aflists them. It seems by this, that Chromis and Mnafy lus were rather young fhepherds than Satyrs': for if they had been Satyrs, they would not have been fo much afraid of Silenus; nor would they have wanted the affiftance of a Nymph. pre 21. Aegle Naiadum pulcherrima.] Aegle is faid to have been the daugh ter of the Sun and Neaera. The Naïads were the Nymphs, that fided over running water. Here Virgil makes four fyllables of Naiadum in the tenth Eclogue, he makes but three fyllables of Naiades; "Naiades indigno cum Gallus amore periret." Famque videnti.] That is, juft when he began to open his eyes: when he was beginning to recover from the effects of his drunkenness. 22. Sanguineis frontem moris, &c.] Servius fays, many are of opinion, that this alludes to the red colour being facred to the gods. Guellius thinks this painting of the face of Silenus with mulberries was to make a jeft of him, fucum faciens, illudens, et as feni, ut Comicus inquit, fublinens. But La Cerda proves, that the opinion mentioned by Servius is right, and plainly fhews, that the ancient Romans did really paint the images of their gods red. Hence he concludes, that Aegle did not paint his face to make a jeft of him; but to render him more propitious. Pan is reprefented, as ftained with the fame colour, in the tenth Eclogue;, "Pan deus Arcadiae venit, quem "vidimus ipfi Sanguineis ebuli baccis, minio66 que rubentem." Servius, and other Commentators, tell us, that the Poet here alludes to the well known ftory of Pyramus and Thisbe, in which the mulberries are faid to have been white at first; but that they became red by being ftained with the blood of thofe lovers. But we have feen, in the paffage juft quoted, that the epithet fanguineis or blood-red is given to the dwarf-elder. 23. Ille dolum ridens, &c.] Si lenus, waking, and finding himfelt R 4 bound |