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even in your judgment, unless Judice te, metuam, fi nunquam fallat image. our image is deceitful.

NOTES.

Ναιέμεν ἐυρύχορον Θήβην, κρατερώ περ' Δίρκας, χλοιροτρόφον ἃ πεδίου

ἐόντε.

"There mov'd Antiope with "haughty charms,

Πρόπαρ Ισμηνοῦ καλαδεύει.

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Horace also speaks of the ftoes following the lyre of Amphion,

"Who bleft th' almighty "d'rer in her arms; "Hence fprung Amphion, "brave Zethus came, "Founders of Thebes, and men

thun

hence

"of mighty name; "Tho' bold in open field, they yet " furround

"The town with walls, and mound

"inject on mound, "Here ramparts ftood, there tow'rs "rofe high in air, "And here thro' fev'n wide portals POPE.

rufh'd the war.

The ftory of his extraordinary skill in mufick, and his receiving from Mercury a harp, by the found of which he caufed rocks and ftones to follow him in order, and form the walls of Thebes, feems to have been invented fince the time of Homer. Euripides mentions the coming of the Gods to the nuptials of Harmonia, when the walls of Thebes were raised by a harp, and a tower by the lyre of Amphion, between Dirce and Ifmenus;

Αρμονίας δὲ πολ ̓ εἰς ὑμεναίους Ηλυθον ουρανίδαι, φόρμιγγι τε τείχεα Θήβας,

Τᾶς Ἀμφιονίας τε λύρας υπο πύργος ανέστα

Διδύμων ποταμῶν πόρον ἀμφὶ μέσον

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Poets, the first inftructors of mankind,
Brought all things to their proper, na-
tive use.

Some they appropriated to the Gods,
And fome to publick, fome to private

ends:

Promifcuous love by marriage was re-
Strain'd,

Cities were built, and useful laws

were made:

So ancient is the pedigree of verse,
And fo divine a Poet's function.

Lord Rofcommon.

Propertius mentions the ftones of Cithaeron, a mountain of Boeotia, being drawn by mufick to form the walls of Thebes;

O that you would but have a mind to live with me in the defpifed farms

Pliny alfo enumerates it among the fprings or fountains of Boeotia ; "Praeterea fontes in Boeotia, Oedi"podia, Pfammate, Dirce, Epi

granea, Arethufa, Hippocrene, "Aganippe, Gargaphie. Euripides mentions Dirce, as a spring near Thebes

Σκόπει δὲ πεδία, καὶ παρ' Ισμηνου ροὺς poas Δίρκης τε νάμα, πολεμίων στράτευμα ὅσου.

"Behold the plains, along Ifmenus "ftream,

"And Dirce's fount, how vaft a hoft appears:

and in many other places of his Phoeniffae. Therefore it can hardly be doubted, that Virgil calls Amphion Dircaean from this famous fountain of Boeotia, because he built the

walls of the Boeotian Thebes.

The opinions of authors are various concerning the fituation of Ara

Saxa Cithaeronis Thebas agitata eynthus. Strabo fays exprefsly it is

66 per artem Sponte fua in muri membra co"iffe ferunt."

Dirce is the name of a celebrated fpring near Thebes. Strabo places, it in the plain, wherein Thebes is fituated, through which alfo the rivers Afopus and Ifmenus flow: “Ο γὰρ Ασωπὸς καὶ ὁ Ισμηνὸς διὰ τοῦ πεδίου ῥέουσι τοῦ πρὸ τῶν Θηβῶν ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἡ Δίρκη κρήνη, καὶ Πότνναι.

in Aetolia: Κατὰ δὲ τὴν Αἰτολίαν ἦν Ωλενος, ὧν ἐν τῷ Αἰτωλικῷ καταλόγῳ μέμνηται Όμηρος· ἴχνη δ' αυτῆς λείπηλαι μόνον ἐγγὺς τῆς Πλευρῶνος ὑπὸ τῶ Αραxv. This author defcribes those countries in fo exact a manner, him. He fays Aetolia is divided from that we cannot eafily misunderstand Acarnania by the river Achelous, which rifes in the mountain Pindus, and fows from North to South, through the Agraci, a people of D 2

Aetolia,

and humble cottages, to pierce Atque humiles habitare cafas, et figere cervos, the flags,

NOTES.

Aetolia, and the Amphilochi. The Acarnanians inhabit the Weft fide, as far as the Ambracian bay, near the Amphilochi, and the temple of Alian Apollo: the Aetolians extend toward the Eaft, to the Ozolae Locri, Parnaffus, and the Oeteans: Αιτωλοὶ μὲν τοίνυν καὶ ̓Ακαρνᾶνες ἡμεροῦσιν αλλήλους, μέσον ἔχον· τες τὸν ̓Αχελῶον ποταμὸν, ῥέοντα ἀπὸ τῶν ἄρκτων καὶ τῆς Πίνδου προς νότον, διὰ τε Αγραίων Αιτωλικοῦ ἔθνους, καὶ Αμφιλόχων. ̓Ακαρνᾶνες μὲν τὸ προς ἑσπέραν μέρος ἔχοντες τοῦ ποταμοῦ μέχρι τοῦ ̓Αμβρακικού κόλπου, τοῦ κατὰ Ἀμφιλόχους, καὶ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ακτίου Απόλλωνος. Αἰτωλοὶ δὲ το πρὸς ἕω μέχρι τῶν Ὀζόλων Λοκρών, καὶ τοῦ Παρνασοῦ καὶ τῶν Οἰταίων. Dionyfius agrees with Strabo in the fituation of Aracynthus; but he feems to speak of Aetolia and Acarnania, as of one country, under the name of Aetolia: for after having fpoken of Dodona, he fays the country of the Aetolians lies next, under the mountain Aracynthus, and that the river Achelous runs through the middle of it.

tain in Acarnania; efpecially confidering that we read in Strabo, that there were frequent controverfies between the Acarnanians and Aetolians concerning their borders: Ἥπερ καὶ τὴν Παραχελῶιτιν καλουμένην χώραν, ἣν ὁ ποταμὸς ἐπικλύζει, περιμάχητον ἐποίει τὸ παλαιὸν, τους ὅρους συγχέουσα ἀεὶ, τοὺς ἀποδεικ νυμένους τοῖς Ακαρνάσει καὶ τοῖς Αιτωλοῖς· ἐκρινοντο γὰρ τοῖς ὅπλοις, οὐκ ἔχοντες διαιτητὰς ἐνίκων δ ̓ οἱ πλέον δυνάμενοι. Vibius Sequenter places it in Attica ; and adds, that fome place it in Arcadia ; which perhaps, according to Brodaeus and La Cerda, ought rather to be read Acarnania; “ Aracynthus in At "tica, quidam in Arcadia di"cunt." Probably Vibius might place it in Attica, merely on the authority of Virgil, taking Actaeo to mean Attico, A like reafon perhaps might induce Stephanus to fay it is in Bocotia, and Servius

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to affirm it is a Theban mountain.

This is certain, that when Strabo

enumerates the mountains of Boeotia, he does not mention any thing like Aracynthus. La Cerda is of

Τῆς δ ̓ ὕπερ, ἐς νότον εἶσιν ὑπὸ σκοπιὴν opinion, that we muft abide by the

Αρακύνθου,

Ανδρων Αιτωλῶν πεδίον μέγα· τοῦ

διὰ μέσσου

authority of Stephanus and Servius, in making Aracynthus a Boeotian or Theban mountain. I would rather imagine, that there was fome anci

Σύρεται ὁλκὸν ἄγων Αχελώος αργυ- eut ftory, now loft, of Amphion's

ροδίνης.

Hence it is no wonder, that Pliny, and Solinus fhould place this moun

feeding his herds on the mountains of Aetolia; or that fome mountain of Boeotia was formerly called Aracynthus, it being well known, that

many

Haedorumque gregem viridi compellere hibifco! 30 and to drive a flock of goats with a green switch.

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NOTES.

many places have changed their names, even before the time of any history now extant.

If authors have differed concerning the fituation of Aracynthus, it will be imagined that there has not been much lefs variety of opinions, with regard to the epithet Actaeus, Strabo fays, that Attica was called anciently Acte and Attica because it lies under mountains, and extends along the fea fhoar: A TOUTO δὴ τοῦτο καὶ ̓Ακτὴν φασι λεχθῆναι τὸ πα λαιὸν, καὶ ̓Ακτικὴν παρωνομασθεῖσαν, ὅτι τοῖς ὅρεσιν ὑποπέπτωκε τὸ πλεῖστον μέρος αυτῆς ἁλιτενὲς καὶ σενὸν, μήκει δ' αξιολόγῳ κεχρημένον, προπεπτωκός MEXP TO Zouvío. Pliny alfo affirms, μέχρι Σουνίου. that Attica was anciently called Alte; "Attica antiquitus Acte "vocata." This feems to ftrengthen the authority of Vibius, who places Aracynthus in Attica. But Strabo mentions another opinion afterwards; that this country was faid to be called Actica from Actaeon, Atthis and Attica from Atthis the daughter of Cranaus, Mopfopia from Mopfopus, Ionia from Ion the fon of Xuthus, and Pofidonia and Athens from Neptune and Minerva : 'Ακλικὴν μὲν γὰρ ἀπὸ Ακταίωνος φασίν. Ατθίδα δὲ καὶ Αττικήν, από Ατθίδος τῆς Κραναοῦ, ἀφ ̓ ὧν καὶ Κραναοὶ ὅ ἔνοικοι. Μοψο πίαν δὲ απὸ Μοψόπου, Ιωνίαν δε ἀπὸ *Ιωνος του Ξούθου Ποσειδωνίαν δὲ καὶ ̓Αθήνας ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπωνύμων θεῶν. Hence Marolles feems to have de

ου

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rived his authority for placing Aracynthus in Boeotia cynthus in Boeotia near Attica; "C'eft une montagne de Beotie aupres de l'Attique, qui a peut "eftre emprunté fon nom de cét "Actean fi fameux, qui fut de6 voré fes chiens." "Servius inpar terprets it littorali, in which fenfe it is ufed in the fifth Aeneid; and adds that fome take it to mean Athenienfi, not that Aracynthus is near Athens, which indeed was at firft called Acte, but to exprefs a paftoWith Theocritus. The fame, fays ral fimplicity, which is frequent he, may be underfood of oaxes, which is called a river of Crete, whereas it is a mountain of Scythia. Guellius, to whose opinion La Cerda feems alfo to incline, interprets it ftony and rocky; affirming that the Greeks called not only the fea fhore, but craggy mountains alfo an; Proper. 3.

"Prata cruentantur Zethi, victorque canebat

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"Paeana Amphion rupe, Ara"cynthe, tua:

qui locus facit, ut ab interpre"tum fententia difcedam, qui hunc

Virgilii locum enarrantes accipi"unt alii Aracynthum Atticum ab "Acte, alii Virgilium ftudio, ut "exactius paftoritiam perfonam et "imperitiam referret, Aracyn"thum, qui folus eft in Acarnania, "in Attica collocaffe: quamyis et "Stephanus Aracynthum in Boc"otia etiam conftituat: facit, inD 3 quam,

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With me you shall imitate Pan Mecum una in fylvis imitabere Pana canendo, himself in playing on a pipe in

the woods.

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NOTES.

૬ quam, ut ipfis affentiri hac in parte non poffim, quin malim "Aracynthum actaeum, ut Proper. faxofum et petricofum, nimirum ut rupem et fcopulum, ut "Graeci axт vocant non folum littoralem oram et regionem, σε και παραθαλάσσιον, fed et τόπον εε πετρώδη, ἀπὸ τοῦ περὶ αυτόν άχεσ « Dai, a soli púywodas và xúμala: ❝ unde apud Hom. wpwrny axтn σε ἰθάκης αφίκηαι : et ακτή προAns promontorium, feu fcopulus et aural inquit Ammon. funt loca maris petricofa, ut dives arenofa. Jacob. Tufanus cum Servio item Graece actaeum littora"lem accipit: malo tamen cum Propertio et littoralem, et faxofum fimul et rupem interpretari. Docet autem Euftathius, Athenienfes σε ἴωνας, ἰάονας, ατικούς, και ακ σε Ταίους, και χώραν ακὴν καὶ ακ]αίαν "XEXANDα." La Cerda adds to εκ κεκλήσθαι.” thefe authorities that of Oppian, who has faid,

· ταύροιο νιφοβλήτους ὑπὲρ ακτάς.

Hence he concludes, that Mons Actaeus is the fame with what Catullus expreffes by praeruptus;

"At tum praeruptos triftem con

"fcendere montes;"

and Oyid calls fcopulus adefus, pendenfque

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This he thinks is fully confirmed by the above quotation from Propertius, who explains Virgil, by putting rupe where he has used actaeus, Τo this I would add, that Properin this place as a mountain not far tius plainly mentions Aracynthus from Thebes: perhaps it was the fame with Cithaeron, of which he had fpoken a few lines before. Ruaeus is of opinion, that Aracynthus Is a Theban mountain extending to the fea, and agrees with Servius in interpreting actaeo, littorali. The Earl of Lauderdale has tranflated it,

"My notes are fweet, as were Amphion's lays,

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"When he near Thebes tended his flock to graze.

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