that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works. Believe me that I [am] in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.

John xvii. 20-23. Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also which shall believe on me through their word; that they all may be one; as thou, Father, [art] in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us that the world may believe that thou hast sent me. And the glory which thou gavest me I have given them; that they may be one, even as we are one: I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one; and that the world may know that thou hast sent me, and hast loved them, as thou hast loved me.

3. The Son is the true God.

1 John v. 20, 21. And we know that the Son of God is come, and hath given us an understanding, that we may know him that is true, and we are in him that is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. THIS (OUTÓS) is the true God, and Eternal Life. Little children, keep yourselves from idols.

[That the Son and not the Father is here said to be the true God, is plain from the following considerations::1. A demonstrative pronoun always refers to the nearest antecedent, except where there are manifest reasons to the contrary. But no such reasons exist here. 2. The Eternal Life, which is the title in apposition, is never applied to the Father, but frequently, both inferentially and literally, to the Son; particularly in the writings of St. John.* 3. Any other exposition reduces the pas

* A remarkable example is found in the second verse of this epistle. "The Life was manifested, and we have seen it, and bear witness, and shew unto you that Eternal Life, which was with the Father, and was manifested unto us." This is one of the passages which serve to show how difficult, if not impossible, it is to eradicate from

sage to mere tautology. 4. The caution against idolatry, immediately following, is decisive against the Socinian scheme; since the entire text is at least susceptible of a sense which sanctions the adoration of our Lord. With this we may compare

Heb. i. 8, et seq.

Unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever :-And thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands, &c.]

4. The nature of the Father and Son alike inscrutable.

John i. 18. No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared [him]. 1 John iv. 12.

John vi. 46. Not that any man hath seen the Father, save he which is of God; (ñaρà то≈ Оɛoũ, from the presence of God;) he hath seen the Father.

Rev. xix. 12, 13. His eyes [were] as a flame of fire, and on his head [were] many crowns; and he had a name written, that no man knew, but he himself. And he [was] clothed with a vesture dipped in blood: and his name is called The Word of God.

Luke x. 22. No man knoweth who the Son is, but the Father; and who the Father is, but the Son, and [he] to whom the Son will reveal [him]. Matt. xi.

27.

the New Testament the proofs, direct or collateral, of our Lord's Deity. The Improved Version renders it substantially as our own; and, in spite of its express assertion of the Messiah's pre-existence with the Father, the Editors feel compelled to allow, that he is the person here designated The Eternal Life. This concession is accompanied by the following silly and unintelligible gloss:-"Christ is so called as the great Teacher of Everlasting Life." With almost equal inanity Mr. Belsham says, that Eternal Life was "the great doctrine which he was authorized to reveal ;" and hence the title. (Calm Inq., p.166.)

5. The Son hath perfect knowledge of the Father.

[To the passages just cited the following may be annexed:-]

John v. 20. The Father-sheweth [the Son] all things that himself doeth: and he will shew him greater works than these, that ye may marvel.

John x. 15. As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father.

6. Unity of operation in the Father and Son, especially for the salvation of man. (See No. 2, above.)

John v. 17—19. Jesus answered, My Father worketh hitherto, and I work. Therefore the Jews sought the more to kill him, because he not only had broken the Sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God. Then answered Jesus,-The Son can do nothing of himself, (áp kavrov, xiv. 10,) but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.

[The same dependence is attributed to the Holy Spirit, (xvi. 13,) and of course is not referrible to complexity of nature, but to a subordination resulting from either the natural or the economical relations in the Godhead; probably from both.]

1 John i. 3. Truly our fellowship [is] with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ.

ye

in me,

John xiv. 20, et seq. At that day ye shall know that I [am] in my Father, and and I in you. He that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him.—If a man love me, he will keep my words and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him.-The word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent

me.-The Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.-Ye have heard how I have said unto you, I go away, and come [again] unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I go unto the Father; for my Father is greater than I.

John viii. 16. If I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.

1 John ii. 24. If that which ye have heard from the beginning shall remain in you, ye also shall continue in the Son, and in the Father.

2 John 9. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son.

7. The love of the Father to the Son.

John iii. 35. The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand.

John v. 20. The Father loveth the Son, and sheweth him all things that himself doeth.

John x. 17. Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again.

John xvii. 24. Father, I will that they also, whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am; that they may behold my glory, which thou hast given me for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world.

[Comp. Matt. iii. 17; xvii. 5; 2 Pet. i. 17; Col. i. 13.]

8. The gift of the Son, the transcendent exhibition of the Father's benevolence.

John iii. 16, 17. God so loved the world, that he gave his only-begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved,

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1 John iv. 9, 10, 14. In this was manifested the love of God toward us, because that God sent his only begotten Son into the world, that we might live through him. Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that he loved us, and sent his Son [to be] the propitiation for our sins. And we have seen and do testify that the Father sent the Son [to be] the Saviour of the world.

Rom. viii. 31, 32. If God [be] for us, who [can be] against us? He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?

9. The divine manifestation in the incarnation of the Son. John xvi. 28-30. I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father. His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no parable. Now are we sure that thou knowest all things, and needest not that any man should ask thee: by this we believe that thou camest forth from God.

1 John iii. 8. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.

1 John i. 2. The Life was manifested, and we have seen [it], and bear witness, and shew unto you that Eternal Life, which was with the Father, and was manifested unto us.

1 Tim. iii. 16. Without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, &c. [In each of these instances the same expression is employed, ἐφανερώθη.]

10. The glory of the Son, a glory truly divine.

John i. 14. The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only-begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.