the Emperor Alexander and the King of Prussia. You have added new lustre to the glory of my eagles. You have displayed all that the French blood is capable of. The battle of Lutzen will be placed above those of Austerlitz, Jena, Friedland, and the Moskwa. In the last campaign, the enemy found no refuge against our arms, but by following the ferocious course of his barbarous ancestors. Armies of Tartars laid waste his fields,-his cities,-sacred Moscow itself. They are now arrived in our regions, preceded by all the bad subjects and deserters of Germany, France, and Italy, for the purpose of preaching up revolt, anarchy, civil war, and murder. They became the apostles of every crime. They wished to light up a moral conflagration between the Vistula and the Rhine, in order, according to the usage of despotic Governments, to place deserts between us and them. The madmen! They little knew the attachment of the Germans to their Sovereigns,-their wisdom, their orderly disposition, and their good sense. They little knew the power and bravery of the French.—In a single battle you have counteracted all those parricidal plots. We will drive back these Tartars into their frightful regions, which they ought never to have left. There let them remain, amidst their frozen deserts,—the abode of slavery, of barbarism, and of corruption, where man is dehased to an equality with the brute. You have deserved well of civilized Europe. Soldiers-Italy, France, Germany, return you thanks. Governments, of the general action which took place on the 2d inst. between the two armies; and after which the Allies remained in possession of the field of battle, and of the positions from which in the course of the day they had dislodged the enemy. -The last division of General Tormazoff's corps having crossed the Elbe on the 28th ultimo, the whole of it moved forward by forced marches to the Elster. His Imperial Majesty and the King of Prussia arrived at Borna on the morning of the 1st inst. with the reserve; and the several parts of the army were on the same day collected in the vicinage of that place.Marshal Prince Kutusoff Smolensky was left ill on the march at Bruntzlau, where he died; but his death was not published. Count Wittgenstein, at that time at Zwenkan, was appointed to command the army.- He had on that day reconnoitred the enemy, and ascertained his position; and the same evening a disposition was made for a general attack, to take place on the following morning at day-break.During the preceding week, the advance of the enemy's main army towards Naunburg, and the approach of Beauharnois from Quedlinburg, had been indicated by several skirmishes and partial affairs, particularly at and near Halle and Merseburg, where the Prussians behaved with great gallantry.On the evening of the 1st, the enemy appeared to have great masses of his force between Lutzen and Weissenfels, and after dusk a strong column was seen moving in the direction of Leipsig, to which place there was clear evidence that he intended to move. advanced corps of Count Wittgenstein's army having been engaged on the same evening, to the east and north of Lutzen, the cavalry of it remained there to amuse the LONDON GAZETTE, May 25. enemy in the morning, but with orders to retire gradually. Meanwhile the several A Dispatch, of which the following is a columns of the army were ordered to cross copy, has been received by Viscount Cas- the Elster at Pegau, and bear down, and tlereagh, His Majesty's Principal Secreto follow the course of a rivulet which, tary of State for Foreign Affairs, from rising near the Elster, runs in a north-west General Viscount Cathcart, K. T. His direction to the Saale, by which moveMajesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and ment, which the ground favoured, it was Plenipotentiary to the Court of Russia, intended to turn the enemy's right between' dated Dresden, May 6, 1813. Weissenfels and Lutzen, while his intention was directed to his left between the latter place and Leipsig.- -As soon as their Majesties saw the troops placed according to the disposition, the whole was put in motion towards the enemy. -The country is uncovered and open, the soil dry and light, but with very considerable variety of hill and valley, and much intersected by hollow (Signed) NAPOLEON. From our Imperial Camp, at Lutzen, May 3, 1813. My Lord,-My last dispatches informed your Lordship of the arrival of the Ruler of France, and of the concentration of his forces near Erfurth, and towards the Saale, as also of that of the Allies upon the ElI have now the honour of enclosing herewith the official statements which have been published by the Russian and Prussian ster.. The Allies. and mill-streams, the former not discernible till closely approached. The enemy, placed behind a long ridge, and in a string of villages, of which Gorschen is the principal, with a hollow way in front, and a stream sufficient to float timber on the left, waited the near approach of the He had an immense quantity of ordnance, of twelve-pounders, and larger natures, distributed throughout the line and in the villages, the batteries in the open country were supported by masses of infantry in solid squares.The plan of operation determined upon, on view of the enemy, was to attack the village of GrosGorscher, with artillery and infantry, and in the meanwhile to pierce the line to the enemy's right of the villages, with a strong column of cavalry, in order to cut off the troops in the villages from support.The remainder of the enemy's line was to be engaged, according to circumstances, by the corps opposed to it.The cavalry of the Prussian reserve, to whose lot this attack fell, presented themselves and supported their movements with great gallantry, but the showers of grape-shot and musketry, to which they were exposed on reaching the hollow way, made it impracticable for them to penetrate; and the enemy appearing determined to maintain the villages at any expense, the affair assumed the most expensive character of attack and defence, of a post repeatedly taken, lost, and retaken. -The cavalry made several attempts to break the enemy's line, and behaved with the most exemplary coolness and regularity under very heavy fire; in some of these attacks they succeeded in breaking into the squares and cutting down the infantry. thing could be distinguished but the flashes of the guns.The Allies remained possession of the disputed villages, and of the line on which the enemy had stood. -Orders were given to renew the attack in the morning, but the enemy did not wait for it, and it was judged expedient, with reference to the general posture of the cavalry, not to pursue. The wounded have all been removed across the Elbe, while the cannon and prisoners taken, and the ground wrested from the enemy in the action, are incontestable proofs of the success of the Allies.Both Sovereigns were in the field the whole day. The King was chiefly near the village where his troops were engaged. The Emperor was repeatedly in every part of the field, where he was received with the most animating cheers by every corps he approached. The fire, to which his person was not unfrequently exposed, and the casualties which took place near him, did not appear in the least to disturb his attention from the objects to which it was directed, and which he fol lowed without any ostentation. Gen. Wittgenstein, with the army, is between the Elbe and Elster, with the command of several bridges over the former.-The Russian troops of all arms fully realized the expectations I had formed of their bravery and steadiness, and the emulation and spirit of patriotism which pervades the Prussian army merits the highest encomium.--I have the honour to be, &c. (Signed) CATHCART. -Late in the evening, Buonaparte hav- On the 30th of April information was ing called in the troops from Leipsig, and received at General Count Von Wittgencollected all his reserves, made an attack stein's head-quarters, of the greater part of from his left on the right of the Allies, the army and the French guards having supported by the fire of several batteries crossed the Saale in the vicinity of Naumadvancing.The vivacity of this move- burg. It was at the same time reported, ment made it expedient to change the front that the Emperor Napoleon had arrived at of the nearest brigades on the right, and as the army. We observed that the Vicethe whole cavalry from the left was order-roy's army drew to the right. It was thereed to the right to turn this attack and to charge it, I was not without hopes of witnessing the destruction of Buonaparté and of all his army; but before the cavalry could arrive, it became so dark that no fore clear, that the enemy endeavoured by all means to form a junction, and that it was most probably his intention to give a general battle. His Majesty the Emperor (To be continued.) Published by R. BAGSHAW, Brydges-Street, Covent-Garden. VOL. XXIII. No. 23.] LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 1813. 801] THE TRINITY. [Price 1s. [802 ney The reader may, probably, recollect, that, three weeks ago, my Register contained an article upon this subject, arising out of the proposition of Mr. William Smith for introducing into the House of Commons a Bill to repeal that Act of William the Third, which makes it a misdemeanour to speak or write against the Doctrine of the Trinity. I expressed my wish that this Bill might not pass into a law, and I gave what I regarded as sufficient reasons to justify that wish. It was not to be supposed, that I should escape the animadver- A writer of a very different description, sions of those, in whose especial behalf the has, however, entered the field against me, Bill was presented; but, I was not aware upon this subject, in a Letter transmitted to that I had, in this instance, acted in such me by the post, giving me his real name a way as to deprive me of a claim to be and place of abode, but stating reasons why treated, by my opponents, with good man- he has signed his Letter with that of ners. Some of them, however, seem to "TRANQUILLUS." This Letter, with the have thought otherwise, and, accordingly, exception of some passages, containing gean anonymous Writer, in the " Freethink-neral relections on the Church, I am now "ing Christian's Magazine," in a letter about to insert, with the intention of subaddressed to me, observes, at the outset joining my answer to it. The passages "but for your interference in a matter so omitted are, as the writer will perceive, by completely beyond your reach, and out. no means of importance to his argument, "of your latitude, it would have been as containing, as they do, mere reflections on "much in character for me to have ad- the Clergy of the Established Church; re"dressed Mr. Coates, or Mr. Kelch, or Mr. flections, in some respects, at least, not Molineux, as Mr. Cobbett, on the Doc- quite just, and which, upon the whole, are "trine of the Trinity." He next observes, but expletives in the composition; and, I that the income from the sale of my work am of opinion, that the author will not is of more importance to me than my popu- think that the omission has done injury to larity. any fact or reason contained in his Letter. The readers of the Register will not, I SIR,-Your remarks on Mr. Smith's am sure, think it right for me to enter the "proposition for a repeal of the existing lists with such an antagonist; or else, I "Statutes, which have for their object the could really afford them some sport in the "persecution of those who do not believe exposure of the ridiculous absurdities in"in the Trinity, attracted my notice.this Freethinking Christian's Letter, which" You have given a plain description of he, while he keeps his name carefully con- "this doctrine; and, if any one doubt its cealed, calls upon me, in a very imperious" accuracy, you have only to refer him to tone, to publish. There are two objections" the Creed of your Church, written by to the complying with this demand: the" one of your Saints, Athanasius.—You first is, that the letter ridicules, as far as "also tell us how this Saint of your's curses the writer is capable of ridicule, the Doc- "and swears at all those who do not betrine in question; and, let it be observed, "lieve this mystery; how your Church that, as Mr. Smith's Bill has not yet be-"curses and swears in imitation of your come a law, the publisher of such ridicule "Saint; and how you good Churchmen would be exposed to the claws of the Attor-" curse and swear, as you are taught by 6666 66 66 66 166 your Ministers, at all who do not believe" houses, for not believing the doctrine of ❝ with you the doctrine of the Trinity."houses, Trinity. Whatever your ceremoYou say the abrogation of this doctrine "nies and beliefs, you would have a hull "" is a blow aimed at the very bowels of "right to all of them, provided in their your Church;"" that it strikes at the exercise you did not infringe upon the ""root of Christianity."-In the for "liberty of others. If your Church were "mer expression you may be right; for "correct and pure in every part, you would "you, as a Churchman, are likely to know "have no right to impose her upon others, "the construction of your Church better or compel them to give her the least tittle ❝ than myself. That in the latter you are "of support. -You may tell me it is the "as decidedly wrong, I, as a Christian, "law of the land; it is a privilege granted "take the liberty of saying; for, in the "by acts of Parliament; but acts of Par"doctrine of the Trinity, there is no re- "liament or individuals cannot alter plain "semblance to the precepts of Christianity. "natural justice. In proof of your opi-You quote the words of your Saint "nion, that the demolition of this doctrine "and Church as if they were infallible; "would cut up Christianity by the roots, "but a Christian must be too great a friend" you quote the religion of your Church as to liberty to mind what any Church or "interpreted by the Clergy They tell "Saint says about the matter. -You obyou that the Christian religion does not "ject to the repeal of these arbitrary laws, "consist of the morality of Judaism or "because every thing arbitrary and unjust "Christianity, but in a belief of the docis not done away with also. This does "trines of their Church, or a belief of those not appear to be sound reasoning."marvellous and mysterious things, which acknowledge the injustice of any Esta-are occasionally to be found in the writblished Sect. I feel the galling griev66 ings of the Old and New Testament. ance and injustice of forcing the greater -That religion is a belief in the mys"part of the landed proprietors of this "teries, and in the interpretation of those "kingdom to contribute a tenth of the pro- "mysteries. This is an error into which "duce of their fields, their gardens, their "established sects are very apt to fall; and flocks, their herds, their poultry, for the "the mischief is, that these mistakes are purpose of paying a set of men to preach" perpetuated, by means of an establishand teach what the greater part of those who pay believe to be worse than non sense. -I am surprised that you who appear to lay aside your reason when you "so often advocate the cause of civil liberperuse the scriptures. You take them up "ty, should belong to a superstitious, in- " with a previous determination to believe "tolerant, and unjust establishment, that "all and every word of them to be truth, "invades the rights of others.Far be" and inspired truth, or every part of them it from me to deprive you, or any mem- "a lie. You would not treat any other "ber of an established sect, of the benefit," publication so unfairly, especially an old or the supposed benefit, arising from any "work; you would make allowances for part of your public worship; from your "the time in which it was written, the faiths, creeds, ordinances; your Saints," prejudices of the writer, the idiom of the "Reverends, Right Reverends; your Arch" language, the figurative allusions, and, and other Bishops; or interfere in the" above all, the misinterpretations and cor"pleasures and edifications of your ecclesi-"ruptions, with various other defects to astical discipline, and your scruples of" which old writings are peculiarly liable. "letting your bones rot in ground not con- "You would carefully compare its parts, secrated by your Rev. and Holy Clergy," trace the leading truths, mark the obvi&c.; but I think, if you want all these "ous meaning, and observe its general ten"things to keep you in the straight forward "dency. If any mysteries occurred, you road to Heaven, you ought to have the "would lay them aside; for no one by pry"exclusive privilege of paying for theming can see into that which is impervious yourselves.- It is not for those who" to the sight. If any thing appeared dissent from your Church to decide for incompatible with the tenor and moral, "you, whether you are right or wrong in you would not take it for part of the geyour theological notions. whether you are "neral system contained in the book; you "improving in Christian charity, in love" would either reject it as spurious, or lay ❝and universal benevolence, by swearing" it aside as something with which you had ❝at us behind our backs in your religious" nothing to do. Why do you read the "ment, long after the people have rejected "them. You of the established sect 66 "Scriptures without making these allow- and not the prayer of any sect, that was the ❝ances, without observing these reasonable subject of my objection. If Mr. Smith had rules in their perusal. Do not these asked for a repeal of all these penal sta 66 same writings that contain these miracles tutes, TRANQUILLUS would, in all probabi and marvellous relations which your lity, never have had the trouble of disput"Church endeavours to make you believeing with me. I will, before I have done, give my reasons, more fully than heretofore, for my objection to any partial repeals of these statutes. I cannot, I must confess, compliment TRANQUILLUS upon the lucid order of his letter, the want of which, considering its source, I must, I am afraid, attribute to a cause not very flattering to myself. To show, however, my respect for his talents, I shall endeavour to make my answer as tions: 1. That, whether the Established Church be right or wrong in its creeds, those who dissent from it ought not to contribute towards its support. 2. That we are to judge of the contents of the scriptures as we do of other books, receiving, or rejecting, as our reason guides us. 3. That, to object to a repeal of part of the penal statutes relative to religion, because the whole is not repealed, is not sound reasoning. If I have omitted any thing, the reader will supply the omission; but, to me it appears, that these three propositions embrace the whole of the matter. " (but which many of you disbelieve), con"tain truths to which no rational beings object. Whatever becomes of all the "miracles you have mentioned, the reli66 gion or morality remains immovable, "because it is so simple, reasonable, and 62 just, that the weakest comprehension can ❝ understand it. Any persons framing "their character after the precepts of Chris"tian morality, are more respected for "their virtue than either the evangelical clear as possible. "scheming visionary, the methodistical His letter, as far as I am capable of ❝fiery zealot, or the established persecut-analysing it, contains these three proposi❝ing bigot.Where will people go, "say you, if once let loose? Here will "they go-to the simplicity of truth. "Where will your Church go? Where "it ought to oblivion; and plain common "sense may tell her interpreters, that if "there are mysteries in religion, they can"not unravel them; and if there are none, "no explanation is wanted.But if any "see mysteries, and want interpreters, let "them pay the cost themselves. Why "should the tender consciences of the Uni"tarians be relieved, say you? I ask, why "should they not? If you put yourselves " in chains, there is no reason for "taining others in like bondage. The "dissenting Unitarian would oppose as "strenuously the establishment of his own 66 sect, as he now does the present establish"ment of your's.- He asks for the repeal "of all penal statutes, for religious liberty, "liberty in its most extended sense, liberty "to speak for, or against; for free discus❝sion, equally with the infidel or the su"perstitious. For then, and not till then, "will the truth shine without obscurity "into the minds of men, dispelling the "dark clouds of superstition, and strength "ening the wavering doubts of infidelity. your re TRANQUILLUS." Before I enter, in regular order, upon my answer to this letter, let me beg the reader's leave to make just one observation on the concluding sentence of it. "The 66 Unitarian," I am told," asks for the repeal of all penal statutes." Mr. Smith's Bill asks for no such thing. It asks only for the repeal of that part of one out of many penal statutes upon the subject of religion; and, it was Mr. Smith's Bill, With regard to the first, that is to say, the injustice of making those pay tithes, who dissent from the Church, I certainly am not called upon to say a word, because I did not even glance at it in the article upon which TRANQUILLUS was commenting; but, his notions upon this subject seem to be so erroneous, that I cannot suf fer them to pass unnoticed. He surely did not think well of what he was saying, when he said, that the greater part of the landproprietors in this kingdom look upon the Church creeds as worse than nonsense, by which, I may fairly presume that he meant them to be dissenters; for, if not, he must look upon them as amongst those whom he calls infidels (a word, the meaning of which he has not explained), and, in that case, they could be entitled to very little of his commiseration. Now, then, if I look at the landed property, the real freehold title, vested in the nobility, the colleges, the corporations, and in the church itself, I cannot think it less than one half, and, perhaps, more, of the landed property of the whole kingdom. Of the lands descending by inheritance, a very small portion belong |