and told him "he was refolv'd to go through with it, and "had already caused Brick to be burn'd, and much of the "Wall to be built upon his own Land: upon which Cottington thought fit to acquiefce.

THE building the Wall before People confented to part with their Land, or their Common, look'd to them as if by degrees they should be fhut out from both, and increas'd the murmur and noise of the People, who were not concern'd, as well as of them who were: and it was too near London not to be the common difcourfe. The Arch-Bishop (who defir'd exceedingly that the King fhould be poffefs'd as much of the Hearts of the People as was poffible, at least that they fhould have no juft Cause to complain) meeting with it, refolv'd to speak with the King of it; which he did; and receiv'd fuch an Answer from him, that he thought his Majesty rather not inform'd enough of the Inconveniencies, and Mifchiefs of the thing, than pofitively refolv'd not to defift from it. Whereupon one day he took the Lord Cottington afide (being inform'd that he diflik'd it, and, according to his natural custom, fpake with great warmth against it) and told him, "he fhould do very well to give the King good "Counsel, and to withdraw him from a Refolution, in which "his Honour, and Justice was so much call'd in question. Cottington anfwer'd him very gravely, " that the thing defign'd "was very Lawful, and he thought the King refolv'd very "well, fince the place lay fo conveniently for his Winter Ex"ercife, and that he should by it not be compell'd to make fo "long Journeys, as he us'd to do, in that Seafon of the year, "for his Sport, and that no body ought to diffwade him «from it.

THE Arch-Bishop instead of finding a Concurrence from him, as he expected, seeing himself Reproach'd upon the matter for his Opinion, grew into much Paffion, telling him, "Such Men as he would Ruin the King, and make him

lofe the Affections of his Subjects; that for his own part, "as he had begun, fo he would go on to diffwade the King "from proceeding in fo ill a Counsel, and that he hop'd it "would appear who had been his Counfellor. Cottington glad to fee him so foon hot, and refolv'd to inflame him more, very calmly reply'd to him, "that he thought a Man "could not, with a good Confcience, hinder the King from "pursuing his Refolutions, and that it could not but proceed "from want of Affection to his Perfon, and he was not fure "that it might not be High Treafon. The other, upon the wildness of his difcourfe, in great anger ask'd him, "Why? "from whence he had receiv'd that doctrine? he faid, with the fame Temper, "They who did not wish the King's health,

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"could

"could not love him; and they who went about to hinder "his taking Recreation, which preferv'd his health, might be "thought, for ought he knew, guilty of the highest Crimes. Upon which the Arch-Bishop in great Rage, and with many Reproaches left him, and either prefently, or upon the next opportunity, told the King, "that he now knew who was his "great Counsellor for making his Park, and that he did not "wonder that Men durft not represent any Arguments to the "contrary, or let his Majesty know how much he Suffer'd "in it, when fuch Principles in Divinity, and Law, were laid "down to Terrify them; and fo recounted to him the Conference he had with the Lord Cottington, bitterly inveighing against him, and his Doctrine, mentioning him with all the fharp Reproaches imaginable, and befetching his Majesty "that His Counsel might not prevail with him, taking fome pains to make his Conclufions appear very falfe, and Ridiculous.

THE King faid no more, but, "My Lord, you are deceiv'd, "Cottington is too hard for you; upon my word he hath not "only diffwaded me more, and given more Reasons against "this Bufinefs, than all the Men in England have done, but "hath really obftructed the Work by not doing his Duty, as "I commanded him, for which I have been very much dif"pleased with him: you fee how Unjustly your Paffion ·hath "tranfported you. By which Reprehenfion he found how much he had been Abus'd, and Refented it accordingly.

WHATSOEVER was the Cause of it, this excellent Man, who stood not upon the advantage ground before, from the time of his Promotion to the Arch-Bishoprick, or rather from that of his being Commiffioner of the Treafury, exceedingly provok'd, or underwent the Envy, and Reproach, and Malice of Men of all Qualities, and Conditions; who agreed in nothing else: all which, though well enough known to him, were not enough Confider'd by him, who believ'd, as moft Men did, the Government to be fo firmly Settled, that it could neither be Shaken from within, nor without, and that less than a general Confufion of Law and Gofpel, could not hurt him; which was true too; but he did not Foresee how eafily that Confufion might be brought to pass, as it prov'd fhortly to be. And with this general Obfervation of the outward vifible Profperity, and the inward referv'd difpofition of the People to Murmur, and Unquietnefs, we Conclude this First Book.

THE END OF THE FIRST BOOK.

THE

History of the Rebellion, &c.

BOOK II.

Pfal. LII. 2, 4.

Thy Tongue devifeth Mifchiefs, like a fharp Rafour,
working deceitfully:

Thou lovest all devouring words, 0 thou deceitful
Tongue.

Pfal. LV. 21.

The words of his Mouth were fmoother than Butter, but War was in his Heart: his words were fofter than Oyl, yet were they drawn Swords.

Canons.

a

T was towards the end of the Year 1633, when the Affairs in King return'd from Scotland, having left it to the Scotland Care of fome of the Bishops there to provide fuch a after the Liturgy, and fuch a Book of Canons, as might best King's refuit the Nature and Humour of the Better fort of that turn thence, relating People; to which the reft would eafily fubmit: and that, chiefly to the as faft as they made them ready, they fhould tranfmit them compofing to the Arch-Bifhop of Canterbury, to whofe affiftance the Liturgy and King joyn'd the Bishop of London, and Doctor Wren, who, by that time, was become Bishop of Norwich; a Man of a fevere, four Nature, but very Learned, and particularly verfed in the old Liturgies of the Greek, and Latin Churches. And after his Majefty fhould be this way certified of what was fo fent, he would recommend, and enjoyn the Practice and Use of both to that his Native Kingdom. The Bishops there had somewhat to do, before they went about the preparing the Canons, and the Liturgy, what had pafs'd at the King's being there in Parliament, had left bitter Inclinations, and unruly Spirits in many of the most Popular Nobility; who watch'd only for an opportunity to inflame the People,

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and

and were well enough contented to fee Combustible matter every day gather'd together, to contribute to that Fire.

THE promoting fo many Bishops to be of the Privy Council, and to fit in the Courts of Justice, feem'd at first wonderfully to facilitate all that was in defign, and to create an Affection and Reverence towards the Church, at least an application to and dependence upon the greatest Churchmen. So that there feem'd to be not only a good preparation made with the People, but a general expectation, and even a defire that they might have a Liturgy, and more Decency obferv'd in the Church. And this Temper was believ'd to be the more univerfal, becaufe neither from any of the Nobility, nor of the Clergy, who were thought most averse from it, there appear'd any fign of Contradiction, nor that licence of Language againft it, as was natural to that Nation; but an entire Acquiefcence in all the Bishops thought fit to do; which was interpreted to proceed from a Converfion in their Judgement, at least to a Submiffion to Authority whereas in truth, it appear'd afterwards to be from the obfervation they made of the Temper, and Indiscretion of thofe Bishops in the greatest Authority, that they were like to have more Advantages adminifter'd to them by Their ill Managery, than they could raise by any Contrivance of their own.

Touching the IT was now two Years, or very near fo much, before the Scotish Ca- Bishops in Scotland had prepar'd any thing to offer to the

nons.

King towards their intended Reformation; and then they Inverted the proper method, and first presented a Body of Canons to precede the Liturgy, which was not yet ready, they choofing to finish the fhorter work firft. The King referr'd the confideration of the Canons, as he had before refolv'd to do, to the Arch-Bishop, and the other two Bishops formerly nam'd, the Bishop of London, and the Bishop of Norwich; who, after their perufal of them, and fome Alterations made, with the confent of thofe Bishops who brought them from Scotland, return'd them to the King; and his Majefty, impatient to fee the good work entred upon, without any other Ceremony (after having given his Royal approbation) iffued out his Proclamation for the due Obfervation of them within his Kingdom of Scotland.

IT was a fatal Inadvertency that these Canons, neither before, nor after they were fent to the King, had been ever Seen by the Affembly, or any Convocation of the Clergy, which was fo ftrictly oblig'd to the Obfervation of them; nor fo much as Communicated to the Lords of the Council of that Kingdom; it being almost impoffible that any new Difcipline could be introduc'd into the Church, which would

not

not much concern the Government of the State, and even trench upon, or refer to the Municipal Laws of the Kingdom. And, in this confideration, the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury had always declar'd to the Bifhops of Scotland; "that it was Their part to be fure, that nothing they should "propose to the King in the Bufinefs of the Church, fhould "be contrary to the Laws of the Land, which He could not "be thought to understand; and that they fhould never "put any thing in execution, without the 'confent and ap"probation of the Privy-Council. But it was the unhappy Craft of those Bifhops to get it believ'd by the King, that the work would be Grateful to the most confiderable of the Nobility, the Clergy, and the People (which they could hardly believe) in order to the obtaining his Majefty's Approbation, and Authority for the execution of that, which they did really believe would not find Oppofition from the Nobility, Clergy, or People, against his Majesty's exprefs Power, and Will, which without doubt was then in great Veneration in that Kingdom; and fo they did not, in truth, dare to fubmit thofe Canons to any other Examination, than what the King fhould direct in England.

Ir was, in the next place, as ftrange, that Canons should be publifh'd before the Liturgy was prepar'd (which was not ready in a year after, or thereabouts) when three or four of the Canons were principally for the Obfervation of, and punctual Compliance with the Liturgy; which all the Clergy were to be fworn to fubinit to, and to pay all Obedience to what was enjoyn'd by it, before they knew what it contain❜d. Whereas if the Liturgy had been first publish'd with all due Circumstances, it is poffible that it might have found a better Reception, and the Canons have been less examin❜d,

THE Scotifh Nation, how capable foever it was of being led by fome Great Men, and milled by the Clergy, would have been corrupted by neither into a barefac'd Rebellion against their King, whofe Perfon they lov'd, and reverenc'd his Government; nor could they have been wrought upon towards the leffening the one, or the other, by any other Suggestions, or Infufions, than fuch as fhould make them jealous, or apprehenfive of a defign to introduce Popery; a great part of their Religion confifting in an entire deteftation of Popery, in believing the Pope to be Antichrift, and hating perfectly the Perfons of all Papifts.

THE Canons now publifh'd, befides (as hath been touch'd before) that they had pafs'd no Approbation of the Clergy, or been Communicated to the Council, appear'd to be fo many new Laws impos'd upon the whole Kingdom by the

King's