tant from the land, that a boat with oars may pass between,

stood

Caren an Peale, commonly called

armed

"The knight," Caren an Peal-e

Caren signifies "a rock," and Pele "a spire." I trust I shall be able to give a much more satisfactory solution of the name.

Corad an Beilte, "the girded knight."

Now first I take leave to assert that Caren doth not signify a rock, the Irish and Phoenician word for which is Coraig, corrupted a little by the Britons to Crage, as Camden hath before said, nor doth Pele signify a spire; but if these two words did mean rock and spire, I am at a loss to discover how they could be hammered into an armed knight. What is the simple fact? there is in a small island nigh unto the Land's End a great rock, which bore the resemblance of an armed knight; which rock from this similitude was called by certain words which are to describe an armed knight, not a spired rock, and the very words in the Phoenician language, conveying the idea of the armed knight, are Coraid an Beilte, of which the British corruption is Caren an Peale.

Still to attend the commentator, he saith, "Mr. Camden mentions a tradition that the promontory stretched itself farther towards the west, to which these limits may perhaps contribute something of probability, that about the middle way between Land's End and Scilly, there are rocks called in Cornish,

Lethas, by the Eng- Litha, stones

lish Seven Stones

And the Cornish call that place within the stones

Tregva, i. e. a dwell- Traig-ba, "it was strand.”

ing

Having noticed a sufficient number of promontories, lands, and waters, on the coast, let me mention a few in the interior, of which I will give the mere literal etymology.

Les-keard,

Carac-on,

Hur-les,

Kil-mair

Lios-ce-ard, "the fort on the high land*
Coraig-ong, "the fire rock"

Ur-las, "the illumination of fire"
Coil-mar, "the great wood."

In fine, in every part of the district of Breo-tain, occupied by the Scythians of Phoenicia, Gallicia, and Biscay, in all names a component part of which is the British "Pen," it is a mutation of the Iberian or Phoenician "Binn," a summit; the British "Rhin" is the Iberian or Phoenician "Rinn," a cape or promontory; the British Crag is the Iberian or Phoenician "Coraig," a rock, the words Tre and Tir being heretofore observed upon, now let us pass to Devon, the other district of Dunmianac, by the waters of

Ta-mar,

Ta-moir, "it is a sea"

Den-shire, so this dis- Dun, a "hill," "the land of hills"

trict was called even

in the days of Cam

den

Teave,

Tam, pronounced Tave, "still, quiet," a name given to this stream which runs into the Ta-mar, here it is called Teave, according to its correct Iberian pronunciation; another river called by the same name, for the same reason, is called Thame by the Sassons, according to the value of its letters in the estimation of that people

Dert, which Mr. Cam- Dorta, "poured out with violence"

den falls very

says

steep and strong,

flowing by dirty places!! Ex-Cester,

Twy-ford-ton, now Ti-ver-ton, which Camden says had its name from two fords through the Isc

Cathair-uisge, pronounced Caar-uisge,
"the city of the water." This city is
latinized into Ex-onia by the moderns,
it was called by the Romans Isca
Dunmoniorum, and Sassonized into
Ex-eter, the Phoenician and primitive
name of the place is Cathair-uisge,
literally "the city of the water,"
Cathair being the Scythian word for
a city, altered into Car, and Kir, Ker,
and a variety of similar contractions in
the nations of Asia, which originated
from the seat of the chief being in the
place; and Uisge is the original word
for running water, altered by the
Romans to Osca and Isca, by the
Greeks to Iske, by the Germans to
Ax, Ex, Ox, Ux; it may be thought
extraordinary that a river should be
called simply "water," but such was
a common practice with the Scythians,
when the water so named was the
greatest river in the country, it was
done par excellence, neither had this
place any other name but the city on
the water.
Do-foras-dun, is in the Phoenician
tongue what the Sassons call Two-
fords-town

Pol-ti-more,

Sea-ton,

Ax-minster,
Ax-mouth,

Bol-ti-mor," the house of the great hole." This is the name of a place nigh whereunto the river Columb runs into the Isc, whereby was formed a great hole in the earth beneath, the spot was called Bol-mor, which gives its name to the adjoining land, whereon a house being built, it had the name in the Phoenician language of Bolti-mor

Moir-i-dun, "the hill of defence on the sea." On this original word "Dun," the Romans formed their Dun-um, the Germanni converted into their "Town." Standing alone, Dun means an ascent, but when it is part of a compound, it signifies generally a place of defence; sea town is a precise translation from the original Phoenician words into the Sasson or English language

Uisge, here we have the original Uisge converted into the Sasson Ax, with the additions of their Minster and Mouth, the river not named, though if it had a specification, it is now lost, supplied by that of Otterwy, a compound of the Sasson Otter, and the British Wy, a river

Having arrived at the utmost limit of Dun-mianac, eastward on the ocean, let us attend Camden on the north, the first place I shall notice is

Taw,

Ken-uith,

Taoi, "winding," from which course the

river had its name

Can-iath," the head of the land;" the

ame of an high land on the Severn,'

where a castle was built in ancient

days, called Cais-lean, Cean-iath

Taking leave of Camden, I shall now turn to his more in

structive annotator.

Bren-torr, a name sig- Certainly the place is high and rocky,

nifying, saith Gibson, "a high rocky plain ;" and adds, it is a famous sea mark.

Avon

Rin-more

Clyst,

and it is a famous sea mark, but the name Breo-an-ter, from pron. Brontor, signifies, "the illuminated tower," and denotes that the Breo, as explained, here confined in a tower.

Aman, "a river," but the word is spelled Aune, (the modern pronunciation of the word) in Mordeus's chart, Aman is the primitive word on which the Romans formed their Amn-is, and though we of Eri say Aune, it ought by orthography to be pronounced Avon-as by the Britons at this day, here too we have a river without a specific name, which hath been lost, if ever applied.

Rinn-mor," the great cape or promontory."

Cliste, "swift" the name of a river of uncommon rapidity.

Such are the most ancient names in Breotan or Dun-mianac, of which I have set before you those used in Camden's time, with his suppositions, and also the original words in the Phoenician language, in the dialect of Eri at this day, with the Etymology thereof in the English language, and now, with your leave, I will conduct you to the north of the Severn, to the land of the Silures, whose Scythian origin I mean to demonstrate by language also.

The Phoenicians and Iber-ians having in process of time filled Dun-mianac, a tribe moved after the manner of their race, and emigrating to the other side of the Severn sea, seated themselves amongst the aborigines of that quarter, and