west side, separated from the sea by a spit of sand. It was long owned by the Codrington family. It produces sea island cotton, charcoal,, salt and phosphates of lime, and is well adapted for cattle grazing and horse rearing. Cotton is being grown with favourable results. Deer were introduced by the Codringtons. The island has communication with Antigua by a sailing-boat service. Redonda, lying between Montserrat and Nevis, 25 miles S.W of Antigua, in 25° 6' N. lat., 61° 35′ W. long., 1 mile by mile, 1,000 feet high, is valuable for its phosphate of alumina mines, discovered in 1865, formerly worked by the Redonda Phosphate Company under license and subject to an annual rental of 50%.

Antigua was discovered by Columbus in 1493, who named it after a church in Seville, called Santa Maria de la Antigua. It was first inhabited by a few English from St. Kitts in 1632. In 1663 Charles II. made a formal grant of the island to Lord Willoughby, who sent out a large number of colonists. After an interval of French occupation, it was declared a British possession by the Treaty of Breda, 1666. There are no rivers, but there are a few springs and many wells, and the island has not latterly been subjected to the droughts from which it suffered in the past. The island is in the main low-lying and has no forests. Rainfall:

On the 22nd March, 1898, the Legislative Council,
which was previously partly elected and partly
nominated by the Governor, passed an Act
abrogating itself and substituting the Crown Colony
system. The new Council consists of sixteen
members, eight official and eight non-official, all
nominated by the Governor under Royal Letters
Patent. The Governor presided. By Ordinance

the Council is now composed of the Administrator
as President, 2 other officials, 3 nominated and 5
elected members.

Chief Justice and Keeper of the Records, W. M. Wigley, No. 20 of 1936 the Council was reconstituted and
O.B.E., 1,000l. by 50l. to 1,2001.
Attorney-General, H. A. O.O'Reilly, 8001.
Crown Attorneys, (vacancy) (Dominica), (also receives
2501. as Magistrate Dominica), A. Ridehalgh
(St. Kitts-Nevis), (also receives 400l. as Magistrate
St. Kitts), 2501. each.

Chief Registrar (vacant).

Printing Department.

1936, 12,800 acres
The chief products are sugar and cotton. In
were under sugar-cane, 612
under cotton, 1,600 under provisions, and 53,968
were uncultivated.

St. John, the chief town, has a population of
6,997 (census of 1921), and is a port of registry,

Superintendent, S. C. Carmichael, 2001. by 10l. to 250l., having on 31st December, 1937, 18 sailing vessels personal allowance, 201.

Medical.

Supernumerary Medical Officers, Dr. A. McDonald and Dr. L. F. E. Lewis, 3501.

registered, with a total tonnage of 226.

Commanding Officer, Defence Force, Capt. E.
Scott-Johnston.

Constitution and Government.

In 1625 Mr. (afterwards Sir Thomas) Warner landed in St. Christopher, bearing a Royal Commission to the Earl of Carlisle, by which the islands of St. Christopher (or Merwar's Hope), Nevis, Barbados and Montserrat were taken under royal protection, and given over to his custody as the King's Lieutenant.

In 1671 St. Christopher, Nevis, Montserrat, Leeward Islands" were separated from Barbados Antigua, Barbuda, Anguilla "and all the other and created the "Leeward Caribbee Islands Government," and Sir Charles Wheler was The chief seat of government was then at Nevis, appointed Captain-General" of the same. but afterwards transferred to Antigua, and the government of each island, in the absence of the Captain-General, was administered by a Lieutenant-Governor, or, when none such was appointed, by the President of the Council.

In 1689 Colonel Christopher Codrington was appointed Governor-in-Chief, and his Commission,

Officer Instructor to Local Forces, The Assistant
Superintendent L. I. Police, ex officio.
Chaplain, The Very Rev. H. Y. Shepherd, M.A. granted by William III., and dated 20th October,

Registration and Vaccination.

1689, authorised him to call assemblies of freeholders and planters within any of the islands

Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, &c., R. E. Henry. "jointly and severally to make laws for the

Country Health Board.

Chairman, Dr. J. E. Wright.

Miscellaneous.

Inspector Weights and Measures, Assistant Superintendent of L. I. Police (ex officio).

Public Library.

Chairman of the Trustees, Mrs. W. R. Forrest.
Librarian, Miss M. S. McDonald (Jun. Clerk).

Clergy.

public peace, welfare and good government of the said islands," thus providing for separate and federal legislatures. The Legislature in St. Christopher and in Nevis, as in the other islands of the government, consisted of two houses, a nominated Council and an elected Assembly, and had secured to it its own peculiar laws and local jurisdiction.

By Letters Patent, dated 26th April, 1816, the Commission originally granted to Sir William Stapleton was revoked, and the Leeward Caribbee Islands formed into two distinct governments, the first comprising Antigua, Montserrat and Barbuda, and the other St. Christopher, Nevis, Anguilla and the Virgin Islands.

By Letters Patent, dated 23rd November, 1832, the General Government was restored, Dominica

Church of England, The Rt. Rev. G. S. Hand, Bishop being for the first time included, and a Governor of Antigua.

Roman Catholic, Revd. H. Claeys, C.S.S.R.

Methodist, Rev. A. S. Reed.

Moravian, Rev. H. Lloyd.

Foreign Consuls.

Denmark, Francis Anjo, Vice-Consul.
Norway, R. A. L. Warneford, Vice-Consul.
France, W. R. Forrest, Consular Agent.
Netherlands, W. G. Richardson, Consul.
Sweden, (vacant).

Portugal, Josè Anjo, Consul.

BARBUDA.

and Commander-in-Chief, with two LieutenantGovernors for St. Christopher, Nevis and Anguilla, and for Dominica respectively, were appointed, each island possessing a Legislative Council and House of Assembly, which continued, under the supervision of the Governor-in-Chief, to legislate for local interests.

In 1866 measures were introduced in each island to alter the constitution, and the two houses then existing were replaced by a single Legislative Assembly, consisting of ex-officio members, nominees of the Crown, and representatives of the people elected under a limited franchise.

In 1878 the single chamber constitution was repealed in St. Kitts and in Nevis, and the Crown Colony form of government adopted in its stead, and in 1882 these two islands, with Anguilla, were

Warden, C. W. Thibou, 2001., and quarters valued united into one Presidency. at 501. per annum.

ST. CHRISTOPHER AND NEVIS.
This Presidency consists of the Islands of St.
Christopher (St. Kitts), Nevis and Anguilla.
These were united to form one Presidency by the
Federal Act No. 2 of 1882.

The total population on 31st December, 1936, was estimated at 37,451, as compared with 38,214 at the census of 1921. The total area about 152 square miles.

which

The office of Lieutenant-Governor, existed until 1870, has been abolished, and the Presidency, in the absence therefrom of the Governor, is under the immediate supervision of an Administrator.

There is one Executive Council for the Presidency, consisting of the Governor, the Administrator, certain ex-officio members, and such other persons as His Majesty may from time to time appoint. The Legislative Council consists of two official, three nominated unofficial members and five elected members, besides the Administrator. Of the elected members three are representatives of the electoral